Hipponax (), of Ephesus and later Clazomenae, was an Ancient Greek iambic poet who composed verses depicting the vulgar side of life in Ionian society in the sixth century BC.

The tradition of curse poetry goes back to the works of Archilochus and Hipponax.

In reference to which Demodicus of Alerius uttered the following saying – " If you are a judge, give a Prienian decision ," and Hipponax said, " More powerful in pleading causes than Bias of Priene.

Her Lydian name was Kuvav or Kufav which Ionian Greeks transcribed Kybêbê, not Kybele ; Jan Bremmer notes in this context the seventh-century Semonides of Amorgos, who calls one of her Hellene followers a kybêbos, and he observes that in the following century she has been further Hellenized by Hipponax as " Kybêbê, daughter of Zeus ".

Besides early work on Aristophanes, Pindar, and Sappho, whose character he vindicated, he edited Alcman ( 1815 ), Hipponax ( 1817 ), Theognis ( 1826 ) and the Theogony of Hesiod ( 1865 ), and published a Sylloge epigrammatum Graecorum ( Bonn, 1828 ).

Hipponax in that case closely resembles Archilochus of Paros, an earlier iambic poet, who reportedly drove a certain Lycambes and his daughters to hang themselves after he too was rejected in marriage.

In his fondness for mythological subjects ( Hercules, Theseus ) and his introduction on the stage ( by a bold anachronism ) of the poets Archilochus and Hipponax as rivals of Sappho, he approximates to the spirit of the latter.

Archilochus, Semonides, Hipponax, and Others

They were contemporaries of the poet Hipponax, whom they were said to have caricatured.

Alexandrian scholars included him in their canonic list of iambic poets, along with Semonides and Hipponax, yet ancient commentators also numbered him with Tyrtaeus and Callinus as the possible inventor of the elegy.

A scholiast commenting on Horace's Epodes recorded two differing accounts of the dispute with Bupalus, characterized however as " a painter in Clazomenae ": Hipponax sought to marry Bupalus's daughter but was rejected because of his physical ugliness, and Bupalus portrayed him as ugly in order to provoke laughter.

In one fragment, Hipponax decries " Bupalus, the mother-fucker () with Arete ", the latter evidently being the mother of Bupalus, yet Arete is presented as performing fellatio on Hipponax in another fragment and, elsewhere, Hipponax complains " Why did you go to bed with that rogue Bupalus?

According to the poet Hipponax, Mimnermus when piping used the melancholy " fig-branch strain ," apparently a traditional melody played while scapegoats were ritually driven from town, whipped with fig branches.

Hipponax of Kolophon claims that on the day of the sacrifice they were led round with strings of figs on their necks, and whipped on the genitals with rods of figwood and squills.

In contrast, Pliny reports that the 6th century BC poet Hipponax wrote satirae that were so cruel that the offended hanged themselves.

: Here lies the poet Hipponax.

According to the same scholiast, Hipponax retaliated in verse so savagely that Bupalus hanged himself.

The life of Hipponax, as revealed in the poems, resembles a low-life saga centred on his private enmities, his amorous escapades and his poverty but it is probable he was another Petronius, depicting low-life characters while actually moving in higher social circles.

They supposedly committed suicide out of shame when Hipponax wrote caustic satirical poetry about them for revenge.

* ábdês scourge ( Hipponax. 98 )

Some scholia state that pharmakoi were actually sacrificed ( thrown from a cliff or burned ), but many modern scholars reject this, arguing that the earliest source for the pharmakos ( the iambic satirist Hipponax ) shows the pharmakos being beaten and stoned, but not executed.

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