In contrast, patient testimonials, case reports, and even expert opinion ( however some critics have argued that expert opinion " does not belong in the rankings of the quality of empirical evidence because it does not represent a form of empirical evidence " and continue that " expert opinion would seem to be a separate, complex type of knowledge that would not fit into hierarchies otherwise limited to empirical evidence alone.

The team determined a half-life of 2. 1 seconds, in contrast to earlier reports of 47 ms and suggested that the two half-lives might be due to different isomeric states of < sup > 262 </ sup > Rf.

In contrast, Thucydides claims to confine himself to factual reports of contemporary political and military events, based on unambiguous, first-hand, eye-witness accounts, although, unlike Herodotus, he does not reveal his sources.

To applications, PC DOS 2000 reports itself as " IBM PC DOS 7. 00, revision 1 ", in contrast to the original PC DOS 7. 0, which reported itself as revision 0.

According to a Pew Research Center study, media coverage mostly emanated from the United States in 2002, when a Boston Globe series began a critical mass of news reports ; by contrast, in 2010 much of the reporting focused on child abuse in Europe.

He will not go back on His word, nor can He act contrary to His promise and threat nor lie in what He reports, in contrast to what the Postponers ( Murjites ) hold.

On July 19, 2008, WGN-TV became the third Chicago station to broadcast its newscasts in high definition, and debuted new on-air graphics ( as of July 2010, WGN-TV is the first station in Chicago to broadcast all locally-originated portions of its newscasts, including live field reports, in high definition ; in contrast to the other major English-language news stations in Chicago who all broadcast in-studio segments in HD and live field footage in 16: 9 widescreen standard definition ).

A comparison and contrast of " longevity in antiquity " ( such as the Sumerian King List, the genealogies of Genesis, and the Persian Shahnameh ) with " longevity in historical times " ( common-era cases through twentieth-century news reports ) is elaborated in detail in Lucian Boia's 2004 book Forever Young: A Cultural History of Longevity from Antiquity to the Present and other sources.

In contrast, Polisario-Mauritanian relations following a peace treaty in 1979 and the recognition of the SADR by Mauritania in 1984, with the latter's retreat from Western Sahara, have been quiet and generally neutral without reports of armed clashes from either side.

By contrast, there is a widespread belief that violent crime is on the rise, due largely to a mass media which disproportionately reports violent crime.

In contrast to the wave of looting and other incidents that took place during the 1977 New York City blackout, only five reports of looting were made in New York City after the 1965 blackout.

In contrast, Americans are familiar with the use of the millibar in US reports of hurricanes and other cyclonic storms.

In contrast, many other researchers, including Robert Klitzman, S. Lindenbaum, R. Glasse, and kuru field researchers at the Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research have documented reports that confirm the practice.

Apart from these unlikely political crimes, he also confessed to a humiliating history of sexual deviancy, both homosexual and heterosexual, that was ( unusually, in contrast with other condemned Bolshevik officials ) later corroborated by witness reports and deemed mostly true in post-Soviet examinations of the case.

In 2009, the U. S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration ( NOAA ) released a report on polybrominated diphenyl ethers ( PBDEs ) and found that, in contrast to earlier reports, they were found throughout the U. S. coastal zone.

For example, Labov ( 1966 ) reports that New Yorkers may contrast do with dew though they may also have do.

Accordingly, it is not self-administered by rodents unlike amphetamine and MDMA, and anecdotal reports by humans suggest it is not particularly euphoric at all, perhaps even dysphoric in contrast.

Windsor carried out on-location reports from Formula One venues for Speed ; in contrast to SPEED F1 coverage team colleagues Bob Varsha, Steve Matchett, and David Hobbs, who covered the races from the studio, Windsor traveled to the various race venues to provide interviews with drivers and other F1 personnel during the race weekend.

Thus, in contrast to widely publicized reports to the contrary, the species appears to have many beneficial ecological effects on aquatic communities in the Mediterranean Sea.

Ritter ( CVUA Freiburg ) reports symptoms can arise throughout the year from Nosema ceranae, in contrast to Nosema apis.

In contrast to the service plan, the service reports controls the service status by reviewing service levels and results.

In contrast, GAO reports show that the Defense Department ’ s 2, 200 overlapping financial systems cost $ 18 billion a year to operate.

Mieses wrote many tournament reports, but his style was regarded as fairly dry, in contrast with his wittiness in person.

These findings contrast with other reports involving much more tissue damage.

The early tradition that expanded upon the Martyrdom to link Polycarp in competition and contrast with John the Apostle who, though many people had tried to kill him, was not martyred but died of old age after being exiled to the island of Patmos, is embodied in the Coptic language fragmentary papyri ( the " Harris fragments ") dating to the 3rd to 6th centuries.

In addition, local dialects employ derivations of the Malay word then in use for ' silver ', in contrast to the term used in wider Melanesian society, which has etymological roots in Chinese, a consequence of the regional trade with China that was developed in the 6th and 7th centuries.

From the early 6th century on, the name Salian Franks ( or Salii in Latin ) is used to contrast with the Ripuarian Franks.

In marked contrast to earlier constructions and villages on top of the mesas, the cliff dwellings at Mesa Verde reflected a region-wide trend towards the aggregation of growing regional populations into close, highly defensible quarters during the 13th century.

In contrast, in the Arian German kingdoms established on the wreckage of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century, there were entirely separate Arian and Nicene Churches with parallel hierarchies, each serving different sets of believers.

By the standards of 19th century tycoons, Carnegie was not a particularly ruthless man but a humanitarian with enough acquisitiveness to go in the ruthless pursuit of money ; on the other hand, the contrast between his life and the lives of many of his own workers and of the poor, in general, was stark.

Balinese caste structure has been described in early 20th century European literature to be based on three categories – triwangsa ( thrice born ) or the nobility, dwijati ( twice born ) in contrast to ekajati ( once born ) the low folks.

Before the 20th century many double basses had only three strings, in contrast to the five to six strings typical of instruments in the string family or the four strings of instruments in the violin family.

A cultural definition of Europe as the lands of Latin Christendom coalesced in the 8th century, signifying the new cultural condominium created through the confluence of Germanic traditions and Christian-Latin culture, defined partly in contrast with Byzantium and Islam, and limited to northern Iberia, the British Isles, France, Christianized western Germany, the Alpine regions and northern and central Italy.

This format, a contrast to the Encyclopædia Britannica, was widely imitated by later 19th century encyclopedias in Britain, the United States, France, Spain, Italy and other countries.

In contrast, in the predominantly Greek-speaking eastern half of the Roman empire ( Byzantium ), many commentators of the subsequent centuries, such as Oribasius, physician to the emperor Julian who compiled a Synopsis in the 4th century, preserved and disseminated Galen's works, making Galenism more accessible.

In the latter half of the 16th century, Mai Idris Alooma modernized its military, in contrast to the Songhai Empire.

In contrast, the major writings and most of what is now the New Testament were Homologoumena, or universally acknowledged for a long time, since the middle of the 2nd century or before.

At the time of the Arab invasion in the middle of the 7th century, the Sasanian central power seemed already largely nominal in the province in contrast with the role of the Hephthalites tribal lords, who were settled in the Herat region and in the neighboring districts, mainly in pastoral Bādghis and in Qohestān.

In contrast, the Yogācāra school, which arose within Mahayana Buddhism in India in the 4th century CE, based its " mind-only " idealism to a greater extent on phenomenological analyses of personal experience.

This is in stark contrast to the media climate prior to the 20th century, where the media market was dominated by smaller newspapers and pamphleteers who usually had an overt and often radical agenda, with no presumption of balance or objectivity.

This stood in contrast to the British experience, where moderate New Model Unions dominated the union movement from the mid-19th century and where trade unionism was stronger than the political labour movement until the formation and growth of the Labour Party in the early years of the 20th century.

In contrast to the Prussian-oriented periodicals, in the late 19th century such newspapers as Przyjaciel Ludu Łecki and Mazur were founded by members of the Warsaw-based Komitet Centralny dla Slaska, Kaszub i Mazur ( Central Committee for Silesia, Kashubia and Masuria ), influenced by Polish politicians like Antoni Osuchowski or Juliusz Bursche, to strengthen a Polish identity in Masuria.

The earliest copies of The Jewish War by Josephus ( originally composed in the 1st century AD ), in contrast, come from nine manuscripts written in the 10th, 11th and 12th centuries.

The Old Testament is a Christian term for a collection of religious writings of ancient Israel that form the major and first section of Christian Bibles, in contrast to the Christian New Testament which deals explicitly with the 1st century Christianity.

Another feature of late 20th century opera is the emergence of contemporary historical operas, in contrast to the tradition of basing operas on more distant history, the re-telling of contemporary fictional stories or plays, or on myth or legend.

Ovid's first century Roman audience would surely have had a basic knowledge of Polyphemus ' role as an uncivilized cannibal in Book IX of the Odyssey, and this episode gives an amusing contrast to that characterization.

In classical 18th century patriotism, loyalty to the State was chiefly considered in contrast to loyalty to the Church, and it was argued that clerics should not be allowed to teach in public schools as their patrie was heaven, so that they could not inspire love of the homeland in their students.

By contrast, civilian rifle design has not significantly advanced since the early part of the 20th century.

In contrast, Moldavia, Wallachia, and Transylvania, came under Ottoman suzerainty, but conserved fully internal autonomy and, until the 18th century, some external independence.

Brown's nearly six-year tenure attracted the most controversy, thanks to her high profile ( a marked contrast to that of the retiring Shawn ) and the changes which she made to a magazine that had retained a similar look and feel for the previous half century.