Baroque instrumental music in Italy and Germany tends to be strong, lively, intense, controlled and quite abstract.

A major influence on the sound of the British music scene in the 1960s, Korner was instrumental in bringing together various English blues musicians.

A cappella ( Italian for " in the manner of the church " or " in the manner of the chapel ", also see gospel music and choir ) music is specifically solo or group singing without instrumental sound, or a piece intended to be performed in this way.

In Eastern Europe, the music performed in the Eastern Orthodox cathedrals and monasteries is exclusively sung without instrumental accompaniment.

In the Orthodox Church today, as in the early Church, singing is unaccompanied and instrumental music is not found.

There is no reference to instrumental music in the worship of the New Testament or the worship of churches for the first six centuries.

The absence of instrumental music in New Testament worship is significant given the abundance of Old Testament references and commands.

After several hundred years of Tabernacle worship without instrumental music, King David introduced musical instruments into Temple worship based upon a commandment from God.

This leaves those opposed to instrumental music in worship with the understanding that if God wanted instrumental music in New Testament worship, he would have commanded not just singing, but singing and playing like he did in the Old Testament.

The fact that Christendom has periodically grafted instrumental music into the worship service probably obscures, for contemporary adherents, the long, general and conscientious teaching of a cappella.

Many Jews consider a portion of the 49-day period of the counting of the omer between Passover and Shavuot to be a time of semi-mourning and instrumental music is not allowed during that time.

By the 19th century orchestral music in Europe had standardized the string section into the following homogeneous instrumental groups: first violins, second violins, violas, cellos, and double basses.

** School band, a group of student musicians who rehearse and perform instrumental music together

As the 18th century progressed, the nobility became the primary patrons of instrumental music, and there was a rise in the public taste for comic opera.

This led to changes in the way music was performed, the most crucial of which was the move to standard instrumental groups and the reduction in the importance of the continuo — the harmonic fill beneath the music, often played by several instruments.

One way to trace this decline of the continuo and its figured chords is to examine the decline of the term obbligato, meaning a mandatory instrumental part in a work of chamber music.

Importance was given to instrumental music — the main kinds were sonata, trio, string quartet, symphony, concerto, serenade and divertimento.

Opera or other vocal music was the feature of most musical events, with concertos and " symphonies " ( arising from the overture ) serving as instrumental interludes and introductions for operas and church services.

By the end of the 1780s, changes in performance practice, the relative standing of instrumental and vocal music, technical demands on musicians, and stylistic unity had become established in the composers who imitated Mozart and Haydn.

Even though Rome abandoned its Britannic provinces around 400 AD, the Germanic mercenarieswho had largely become instrumental in enforcing Roman rule in Britanniaacquired ownership of land there and continued to use a mixture of Roman and Teutonic Law, with much written down under the early Anglo-Saxon Kings.

The opening instrumental " Fire On High ", with its mix of strings and blazing acoustic guitars, saw heavy exposure as background music on CBS Sports Spectacular montages, though most viewers had no idea of the song's origins.

Most classical stations specialize primarily in instrumental classical music and chamber music, though there are more special interest classical stations ( often found through media such as satellite radio or internet radio ) that carry classical pop music or operatic music.

The orchestration involves a small ensemble with a good deal of doubling-up on instruments ( in the original performances, for example, some 7 players covered a total of 23 instrumental parts, though modern performances typically use a few more players ).

It was also attached to instrumental music, though this is no longer the case.

More importantly she was instrumental in the recall of Jacques Necker as Finance Minister on 26 August, a popular move, even though she herself was worried that the recall would again go against her if Necker was unsuccessful in reforming the country's finances.

Lloyd George was instrumental in introducing the Welsh Church Act which disestablished, i. e., secularized, Wales though on the outbreak of War, postponed until 1920, removing the opportunity of the six Welsh Bishops in the new Church in Wales to apply ex officio to sit in the House of Lords and removing ( disendowing ) certain pre-1662 property rights.

He was also an important architect of his time, though few of his buildings now survive and some of those are generally misattributed, and was instrumental in devising a set of planning controls for London whose influence remains today.

John Milbank and others within this strand have been instrumental in the creation of the ecumenical ( though predominantly Anglican and Roman Catholic ) movement known as Radical Orthodoxy.

Voight had participated in the antiwar movement and was a friend of Fonda, who was instrumental in helping him land the role, even though he had fallen from popularity since his Midnight Cowboy day.

Conti's famous piece of music from the Rocky series, " Gonna Fly Now ", does not appear at all in Rocky IV ( the first time in the series this happened ), though a few bars of it are incorporated into DiCola's training montage instrumental.

The number of Finzi ’ s purely instrumental works is small even though he took great pains over them in the early part of his career.

The instrumental entitled " Cookie Duster " was listed in very early pressings of the album, though not actually included on the pressings, and then not listed on the cover art at all.

King Crimson gained a massive cult following in the late 1960s and 1970s with their explosive instrumental output that merged rock, jazz, classical and heavy metal styles, though their albums also included songs with vocals.

However an instrumental horn version is played during the early scene where Rocky gets off the airplane, and at the end of the move after Rocky defeats Tommy, the first few seconds of the original version can be heard – though it never makes it to the lyrics.

Almost no secular music by Schütz has survived, save for a few domestic songs ( arien ) and no purely instrumental music at all ( unless one counts the short instrumental movement entitled " sinfonia " that encloses the dialogue of Die sieben Worte ), even though he had a reputation as one of the finest organists in Germany.

On 28 January 2009, the two Green MSPs were instrumental in the defeat of the Government's budget, though a slightly amended version was passed easily the following week.

Thomas Jefferson owned a copy of the first volume of The Antiquities of Athens, and though he never practiced in the style Jefferson was to prove instrumental in introducing Greek Revival architecture to the United States.

Space rock is a subgenre of rock music ; the term originally referred to a group of early, mostly British, 1970s progressive and psychedelic rock bands such as Hawkwind and Pink Floyd, characterised by slow, lengthy instrumental passages dominated by electronic organs, synthesizers, experimental guitar work and science fiction or astronomical lyrical themes, though it was later repurposed to refer to a series of late 1980s British alternative rock bands that drew from earlier influences to create a more ambient but still melodic form of pop music.

Most relevant experiments have used a classical conditioning procedure, though instrumental ( operant ) conditioning experiments have also been used, and the strength of classical conditioning is often measured through its operant effects, as in conditioned suppression ( see Phenomena section above ) and autoshaping.

* bidgin bélè or drum biguine – originates in slave bèlè dances and characterized by the use of bélè drums and tibwa rhythm sticks, along with call and response, nasal vocals and improvised instrumental solos ; has its roots in West African ritual dances, though ceremonial components do not survive in Haitian biguine.

The Brandenburg concerti by Johann Sebastian Bach ( BWV 1046 – 1051, original title: Six Concerts à plusieurs instruments ) are a collection of six instrumental works presented by Bach to Christian Ludwig, margrave of Brandenburg-Schwedt, in 1721 ( though probably composed earlier ).

By the mid-late 1970s onward the terms electronic rock, electronic music, new instrumental music and new age have been used more often than Krautrock and Kosmische Musik, though the early scene continues still today to be regarded as a style in and of itself.