Beyazıt ) was the oldest son and successor of Mehmed II, ruling as Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1481 to 1512.

Sultan Qutuz of Egypt eventually defeated the Mongols in the Battle of Ain Jalut ( near Ein Harod ) and his successor ( and assassin ), Baibars, eliminated the last Crusader Kingdom of Acre in 1291, thereby ending the Crusades.

This diplomacy would be continued under Murad's successor Mehmed III, by both the sultan and Safiye Sultan alike.

This was not wholly unprecedented ; Hürrem Sultan, who established herself in the early 1530s as the successor of Nurbanu, the first Valide Sultan, was described by the Venetian Baylo Andrea Giritti as " a woman of the utmost goodness, courage and wisdom " even though she " thwarted some while rewarding others ".

The present Sultan has no direct heir, and has not publicly designated a successor.

* Sultan Kamil, Saladin's son and successor, offers Jerusalem to the Crusaders in return for Damietta, which the Crusaders eventually give up in exchange for a safe retreat from the Nile Delta.

During the reign of Dharma Raja, Marthanda Varma's successor, Tipu Sultan, the de facto ruler of Kingdom of Mysore and the son of Hyder Ali attacked Travancore as a part of the Mysorean invasion of Kerala ; this lead to the famous Third Anglo-Mysore War, as Travancore had already allied with the British to seek protection from the potent assault from Tippu.

Demak under the leadership of Raden ( later crowned as Sultan ) Patah ( Arabic name: Fatah ) was acknowledged as the legitimate successor of Majapahit.

After Parameswara, his successor to the Malacca sultanate was Sultan Ahmad Shah.

All about Sheikh Nazim and his son and full successor Sheikh Mehmet Sultan.

Al-Muqri resigned the post two years later, but was reappointed to it by Sultan Yusef, and was kept in the position by his successor, Sultan Muhammad, when he ascended the throne in 1927.

Temenggong Ibrahim renamed Tanjung Puteri as Iskandar Puteri إسكندر ڤوتري in 1858 ; His son and successor, Temenggong Abu Bakar ( Sultan from 1885 ) renamed it Johor Bahru from Iskandar Puteri during the grand opening of Istana Besar Johor on 1 January 1866.

Kayser-i-Rûm " Caesar of the second Rome ", one of many subsidiary titles proclaiming the Ottoman Great Sultan ( main imperial title Padishah ) as ( Muslim ) successor to " Rum " as the Turks called the ( Christian ) Roman Empire ( as Byzantium had continued to call itself ), continuing to use the name for part of formerly Byzantine territory ( compare the Seljuk Rum-sultanate )

After the death of the commissioner, the Minar was added upon by his successor Iltutmish ( aka Altamash ) and much later by Firoz Shah Tughlaq, a Tughlaq dynasty, Sultan of Delhi in 1368 AD.

The Sultan was no longer a Roman successor in a mostly Christian land, but the Sultan of Egypt and Caliph of Islam.

# in 1929 to Tengku Tengah Zaharah binti Tengku Setia Raja Pahang Tengku Umar bin Sultan Ahmad Pahang ( 1911 – 1979 ; divorced ) by whom he had seven children including his successor as sultan of Terengganu, Sultan Mahmud

) The Naqshbandi-Haqqani branch to which Sheikh Abdullah belongs is today lead by his successor Sultan ul awliya Moulana Sheikh Nazim and is very active in Syria.

Sultan Ibrahim's relations with Clementi's successor, Sir Shenton Thomas did not fare well as Thomas attempted to form a centralised Malayan Union by bringing Johore and other Unfederated Malay States under the direct charge of the Straits Governor.

His immediate successor built the towers of the mosque while the following Sultan built the surrounding wall.

Sultan Murad personally commanded a large section of cannons and janissaries, while his son and successor Mehmed, who faced battle for the first time, led the Anatolian troops at the right wing.

On the night of September 27, 1995, Bob Denard landed on the Comoros with 30 men in Zodiac inflatable boats in an attempted coup against president Said Mohamed Djohar, Abdallah ’ s successor.

Amani Abeid Karume, Abeid's son, was elected two times as the president of Zanzibar, in 2000 and 2005 by a popular majority and handed over power in late 2010 to his successor Ali Mohamed Shein.

The chief priest of Kabul immediately proclaimed Habibullah to be the successor of Mohamed, whereupon the Emir of Afghanistan delivered an address inspired by an " intolerant ecclesiasticism ".

In addition to holding the remains of its founder, it became the burial place of his successor Otto III.

During this time, Alexios was rumored to be the lover of Empress Maria of Alania, the daughter of King Bagrat IV of Georgia, who had been successively married to Michael VII Doukas and his successor Nikephoros III Botaneiates, renowned for her beauty.

After a successful campaign Manuel I and Andronikos returned together to Constantinople ( 1168 ); but a year later, Andronikos refused to take the oath of allegiance to the future king Béla III of Hungary, whom Manuel desired to become his successor.

Abd al-Rahman's alleged favorite son was his choice for successor, and would later be known as Hisham I. Abd ar-Rahman's progeny would continue to rule al-Andalus in the name of the house of Umayya for several generations, with the zenith of their power coming during the reign of Abd al-Rahman III.

Abdallah instead chose as his successor his grandson, Abd al-Rahman III ( the son of his first son ).

When Chilperic II died the following year ( 720 ), Charles appointed as his successor the son of Dagobert III, Theuderic IV, who was still a minor, and who occupied the throne from 720 to 737.

The most recent Coptic Orthodox Pope of Alexandria and the Patriarch of All Africa on the Holy See of Saint Mark was Pope Shenouda III, who died on March 17, 2012, for whom a successor has not yet been chosen.

In 1472, the niece of the last Byzantine emperor, Sophia Palaiologina, married Ivan III, grand prince of Moscow, who began championing the idea of Russia being the successor to the Byzantine Empire.

Frederick the Peaceful KG ( September 21, 1415 – August 19, 1493 ) was Duke of Austria as Frederick V from 1424, the successor of Albert II as German King as Frederick IV from 1440, and Holy Roman Emperor as Frederick III from 1452.

MacBeth ruled for seventeen years before he was overthrown by Máel Coluim, the son of Donnchad, who some months later defeated MacBeth's step-son and successor Lulach to become king Máel Coluim III ( Malcolm III ).

With the death of James III in 1488 at the Battle of Sauchieburn, his successor James IV successfully ended the quasi-independent rule of the Lord of the Isles, bringing the Western Isles under effective Royal control for the first time.

King John III Sobieski with son James Louis Sobieski | Jakub, whom he tried to position to be his successor.

Liutprand's successor Aistulf conquered Ravenna for the Lombards for the first time, but was subsequently defeated by the king of the Franks Pippin III, called by the Pope, and had to leave it.

The Emperor left a minor successor, Otto III.

Pope Celestine III proclaimed a crusade against the Baltic heathens in 1195, which was reiterated by Pope Innocent III and a crusading expedition led by Meinhard's successor, Bishop Berthold of Hanover, landed in Livonia ( part of present-day Latvia, surrounding the Gulf of Riga ) in 1198.

Accordingly his successor, who was also called Stephen ( 752 – 757 ), was originally referred to as Stephen III in the Annuario Pontificio, which now lists him as Stephen II ( III ).

It is notable that decisions of Pope Alexander III, his successor, Pope Lucius III, and King Henry VIII in proclaiming the Crown of Ireland Act 1542 were predicated on this document.

* King Richard III of England ( 1452 – 1485 ), who was hanged by his successor King Henry VII following his death at the Battle of Bosworth Field.

He died in May or June 884, his successor being Adrian III.

In the Conclave of 1549 – 50 to elect a successor to Paul III, fifty-one cardinals, including Marcello Cervini, participated at the opening on 3 December 1549.