Historians estimate the Alþing to have been established from 800 to 900.

Historians estimate his estate was worth about $ 1 million in 1799 dollars, equivalent to about $ 18 million in 2009 purchasing power.

Historians Keith Hopkins and Mary Beard tentatively estimate a total of 400 arenas throughout the Roman Empire at its greatest extent, with a combined total of 8, 000 deaths per annum from all causes, including execution, combat and accident.

Historians estimate that fewer than one million immigrants — perhaps as few as 400, 000 — crossed the Atlantic during the 17th and 18th centuries.

Historians estimate that the reason for the rapid capitulation of Mieszko II was the bad internal situation in the country.

Historians estimate their total population may have been three to four times that number.

Historians estimate that, in the South in 1856, Fillmore retained 86 percent of the 1852 Whig voters.

Historians have used statistical techniques to estimate the party breakdown in Congress.

Historians estimate the total number who died due to Mao's persecution in all base areas to be approximately one hundred thousand.

Historians estimate about 2, 000 Cheyenne died, one-half to two-thirds of their population.

Historians estimate that the Pequot suffered the loss of 80 % of their population.

Historians estimate that the Pequot suffered the loss of 80 % of their entire population.

Historians estimate the number of Norman settlers at around 8, 000, but Norman in this instance includes not just natives of Normandy, but settlers from other parts of France.

Historians estimate that fully two per cent of the Chinese community was deported between 1923 and 1932, largely under the provisions of the Opium and Narcotics Drugs Act ( ONDA ).

Historians estimate that Provençal troops killed hundreds to thousands of residents there and in the nearby 22-28 villages which they destroyed.

Historians estimate that in the 1560s, more than half of the nobility were Calvinist ( or Huguenot ), and 1, 200 – 1, 250 Calvinist churches had been established, by 1562 with the outbreak of war, there were 2 million Calvinists.

Historians estimate that 2, 000 Huguenots were killed in Paris and thousands more in the provinces ; in all, perhaps 10, 000 people were killed.

Historians once thought the Iroquois Confederacy started in the 16th century, but a more recent estimate dates the confederacy and its constitution to between 1090 and 1150 CE.

Historians estimate that Cleisthenes was born c. 570 BC.

Historians estimate that up to half of Hungary's two million population at that time were victims of the Mongol invasion of Europe.

Historians estimate he brought in several thousand Chinese from China and many more thousand from California.

Historians John Thornton and Linda Heywood of Boston University estimate that 90 percent of those shipped to the New World were enslaved by Africans and then sold to European traders.

Historians have struggled to document the number of victims: some sources report up to 1, 830 victims ; others estimate 955 people killed.

Historians estimate, that an average peasant's hut did not last over 10 years.

Historians have estimated the population of the Cheyenne, Lakota and Arapaho encampment along the Little Bighorn River was approximately 10, 000, making it one of the largest gatherings of Native Americans in North America in pre-reservation times.

Historians have had two reasons for persisting so long in their investigations.

Historians consider this the decisive factor in convincing Alboin to undertake a migration, even though there are indications that before the war with the Gepids a decision was maturing to leave for Italy, a country thousands of Lombards had seen in the 550s when hired by the Byzantines to fight in the Gothic War.

Historians show that every real conspiracy has had at least four characteristic features: groups, not isolated individuals ; illegal or sinister aims, not ones that would benefit society as a whole ; orchestrated acts, not a series of spontaneous and haphazard ones ; and secret planning, not public discussion.

Historians widely believe that the widower Thomas Jefferson, both before and during his presidency of the United States in the early 19th century, had an intimate relationship of 38 years with his mixed-race slave Sally Hemings, in such an arrangement, and fathered all of her six children of record.

Historians such as Douglas Johnson and Arthur Marwick had roots here.

Historians have speculated that Thomas Seymour had put her off sexual relationships, or that she knew herself to be infertile.

Historians like Serge Lancell have questioned the reliability of the figures for the number of troops he had when he left Hispania.

Historians have criticized Davis for being a much less effective war leader than his Union counterpart Abraham Lincoln, which they attribute to Davis being overbearing, controlling, and overly meddlesome, as well as being out of touch with public opinion, and lacking support from a political party ( since the Confederacy had no political parties ).

Historians have long used the coexistence of these bilingual documents to illustrate their theory that, by 842, the empire had begun splitting into separate proto-countries and developing with different languages and customs.

Historians have noted that naturalists had long been aware that the individuals of a species differed from one another, but had generally considered such variations to be limited and unimportant deviations from the archetype of each species, that archetype being a fixed ideal in the mind of God.

Historians write that most such political and economic commentators had only a superficial understanding of Darwin's scientific theory, and were as strongly influenced by other concepts about social progress and evolution, such as the Lamarckian ideas of Spencer and Haeckel, as they were by Darwin's work.

Historians conclude that King remained so long in power because he had developed wide-ranging skills that were appropriate to Canada's needs.

Historians of European witchcraft have found the anthropological definition difficult to apply to European and British witchcraft, where " witches " could equally use ( or be accused of using ) physical techniques, as well as some who really had attempted to cause harm by thought alone.

Historians had nominated one person per century, and for the 12th century John Hudson chose Becket for being " greedy ", " hypocritical ", " founder of gesture politics " and " master of the soundbite ".

Historians have pointed out that the preceding democratic Weimar Republic already had restrictive gun laws, which were actually liberalised by the Nazis when they came to power.

Historians now agree that the letter had little impact on the Labour vote -- which held up.

Historians now agree that the letter had little impact on the Labour vote -- which held up.

Historians have long pointed out that, in 1829 – 31, it was the Ultra-Tories or " Country Party " which pressed most strongly for Reform, regarding it as a means of weakening Wellington's ministry, which had disappointed them by granting Catholic emancipation and by its economic policies.

Historians noted that this was one of the key reasons why imperial China in many ways had the most efficient system of government in ancient times.

Historians believe that Patel's speech was instrumental in electrifying nationalists, who had been sceptical of the proposed rebellion.

Historians Arnold W. Gomme and Raphael Sealey believe, and Thucydides reports, that Alcibiades was offended that the Spartans had negotiated that treaty through Nicias and Laches, overlooking him on account of his youth.

Historians have speculated, on the basis of these contemporary records, that the rumour that the princes had been murdered was deliberately created to be spread in England as an excuse for the October 1483 attempt of Henry Tudor and Buckingham to seize the throne, making Henry and Buckingham other likely suspects.

Historians until recently agreed that before 3000 BC the political life of the city was headed by a priest-king ( ensi ) assisted by a council of elders and based on these temples, but some more recent authors have asserted that the cities had secular rulers from the earliest times.

Historians are divided on whether or not Edward ever had an official that could be called a chancellor, but they are agreed that Leofric did not hold such an office.