Historically, the phenomenon of field electron emission has been known by a variety of names, including " the aeona effect ", " autoelectronic emission ", " cold emission ", " cold cathode emission ", " field emission ", " field electron emission " and " electron field emission ".

Historically the gate voltage at which the electron density at the interface is the same as the hole density in the neutral bulk material is called the threshold voltage.

Historically, EDS was used with the SEM while WDS was used with the electron microprobe analyzer ( EMPA ).

Historically, astronomy was more concerned with the classification and description of phenomena in the sky, while astrophysics attempted to explain these phenomena and the differences between them using physical laws.

Historically, others have titled their appellate court a court of errors ( or court of errors and appeals ), on the premise that it was intended to correct errors made by lower courts.

Historically, her cult in Greece was imported from, or influenced by, the cult of Astarte in Phoenicia.

Historically, it was of particular relevance to sailing warships which used them to outmaneuver opponents when the wind had dropped but might be used by any vessel in confined, shoal water to place it in a more desirable position, provided she had enough manpower.

Historically, the coast around Königsberg in Prussia was the world's leading source of amber.

Historically, the size of farms and landed estates in the United Kingdom was usually expressed in acres ( or acres, roods, and perches ), even if the number of acres was so large that it might conveniently have been expressed in square miles.

Historically, the blót was an event that focused on a communal sacrifice at various times of the year for a number of purposes.

Historically, it was often sung as a sea chanty.

Historically, before the advent of widespread digital technology, ASP was the only method by which to manipulate a signal.

Historically, the use of two guns at once, one in each hand, is most associated with the American Old West, where revolvers holding only six rounds of ammunition were the highest capacity handguns available and reloading was a slow process.

Historically carving was a male art and leadership attribute ; in today ’ s world it is an art of both sexes.

Historically, the star was frequently used in celestial navigation in the maritime trade, because it is listed as one of the 57 navigational stars.

Historically, a byte was the number of bits used to encode a single character of text in a computer and for this reason it is the basic addressable element in many computer architectures.

Historically, the First Army was the most politically significant because of Rio de Janeiro's position as the nation's capital through the 1950s.

This was done to accommodate the new one-game wild-card playoffs .< re > http :// espn. go. com / mlb / story / _ / id / 7942366 / owners-approve-wild-card-winners-hosting-games-1-2-division-series </ ref > Historically, however, MLB has used rarely the 2-3 format in a best-of-5 series ..

Historically, doppelbock was high in alcohol and sweet, thus serving as " liquid bread " for the monks during times of fasting, when solid food was not permitted.

Historically the term latten was used for such alloys.

Historically, directors ' duties have been owed almost exclusively to the company and its members, and the board was expected to exercise its powers for the financial benefit of the company.

Historically, this proceeded from the labours of Jean de Launoy ( 1603 – 1678 ), " le dénicheur des saints ", and Louis Sébastien le Nain de Tillemont, who had shown the falsity of numerous lives of the saints ; while theologically it was produced by the Port Royal school, which led men to dwell more on communion with God as contrasted with the invocation of the saints.

Historically, cryptography was split into a dichotomy of codes and ciphers ; and coding had its own terminology, analogous to that for ciphers: " encoding, codetext, decoding " and so on.

Historically, in Europe, a city was understood to be an urban settlement with a cathedral.

Historically, this was often a promise to exchange the money for precious metals in some fixed amount.

Historically, when Capoeira was still prohibited this toque was used to alert capoeiristas that the police was coming, so they could escape before the practice being discovered.

Historically speaking, this might have been a master-stroke devised by the liberal-minded religious leaders of the Hindu society to prevent the exodus of their flock to the Jaina and Buddhist folds, which were singularly free from the labyrinth of rituals and offered a simple religion of ethical conduct for the common public.

Historically, the Prohibitory Order was devised as a means of protecting freedom of speech, while recognizing the rights of individual recipients not to receive advertisements they deem to be pornographic or otherwise offensive, and the absolute and unreviewable right of the recipient of a mailpiece to determine whether or not it is offensive.

Historically they were used as gravimeters to measure the acceleration of gravity in geophysical surveys, and even as a standard of length.

Historically, some instruments have come to be accepted ( and widely manufactured ) with a certain transposition as a standard and most music written for those instruments would be transposed accordingly.

Historically, the General Services Administration ( GSA ) set paper shredder guidance in the Interim Federal Specification FF-S-001169 dated July 1971 which was superseded by standard A-A-2599 for classified material which was canceled in February 2000.

Historically, standard Gatwick Express services did not charge penalty fares and permitted tickets to be purchased on board at no extra charge.

Historically, VoiceXML platform vendors have implemented the standard in different ways, and added proprietary features.

Historically, coins had a certain amount of weight of alloy, with the purity a local standard.

Historically, this was the standard form in which manganese was traded and used in steel making.

Historically, linguistic prescriptivism originates in a standard language when a society establishes social stratification and a socio-economic hierarchy.

Historically, the Goths followed the Vistula, but during the Viking Age, the Dvina-Dniepr waterway succeeded the Vistula as the main trade route to Greece for the Gutes ( or Gotar in standard Old Norse ), and it is not surprising that it also replaced the Vistula in the migration traditions.

Historically, Canadian conservatism has been derived from the Tory tradition, with a distinctive concern for a balance between individual rights and collectivism, as mediated through a traditional pre-industrial standard of morality – which has never been as evident in American conservatism.

Historically, standard vertical separation was 1, 000 feet from the surface to FL290, and 2, 000 feet above FL290.

Historically, the average human had a significantly lower standard of living and lifespan in the past than he or she would today.

Historically, the La Spezia-Rimini Line marked a series of isoglosses that distinguished Northern Italian speech from that of Tuscany, home of the standard Italian language.

Historically during many centuries a paragraph in Latin of standard format was written by scribes of the particular probate court below the transcription of the will, commencing with the words ( for example ): Probatum Londini fuit huismodi testamentum coram venerabili viro ( name of approver ) legum doctore curiae prerogativae Cantuariensis ... (" A testament of such a kind was proved at London in the prescence of the venerable man ..... doctor of law at the Prerogative Court of Canterbury ...") The earliest usage of the English word was in 1463, defined as " the official proving of a will ".

Historically a beer barrel was a standard size of 50 gallons, as opposed to a wine barrel at 32 gallons, or an oil barrel at 42 gallons.

Historically, it was the de facto standard for highly purified laboratory water for biochemistry and, by the method of trace analysis until combination methods of purification became widespread.

Historically, written Cantonese has been used in Hong Kong for legal proceedings in order to write down the exact spoken testimony of a witness, instead of paraphrasing spoken Cantonese into standard written Chinese.

Historically, the Goths followed the Vistula, but during the Viking Age, the Dvina-Dniepr waterway succeeded the Vistula as the main trade route to Greece for the Gutes ( or Gotar in standard Old Norse ), and it is not surprising that it also replaced the Vistula in the migration traditions.

Historically, this was a standard symbol of the virtue temperance, one of the cardinal virtues, representing the dilution of wine with water.

Historically, unmarked graves in an unintentional sense are usually done for financial reasons by families that are too poor to afford a headstone, though in more recent times this has been avoided partially because the standard of living in most countries have since improved and even in cases where the families still can't afford a headstone, one is usually donated from a family friend or other charitable organization.

Historically, many countries, including the United States and Canada, used standard oxidation potentials rather than reduction potentials in their calculations.

Historically, Spartans were known for embracing a standard of excellence defined by a unique blend of individualism and community.

Historically, the thread standard for attaching older cameras to tripods was 1 / 4-20 BSW for smaller cameras or 3 / 8-16 BSW for larger cameras and pan / tilt heads.

Historically, vertical writing was the standard system, and horizontal writing was only used where a sign had to fit in a constrained space, such as over the gate of a temple or the signboard of a shop.