Historian Richard Hofstadter ( 1948 ) emphasizes that Calhoun ’ s conception of " minority " was very different from the minorities of a century later:

Hofstadter collects and studies cognitive errors ( largely, but not solely, speech errors ), " bon mots " ( spontaneous humorous quips ), and analogies of all sorts, and his long-time observation of these diverse products of cognition, and his theories about the mechanisms that underlie them, have exerted a powerful influence on the architectures of the computational models developed by himself and FARG members.

In the foreword, Hofstadter explains that the book ( originally published in 1958 ) exerted a profound influence on him when he was young.

Hofstadter has said of himself, " I'm someone who has one foot in the world of humanities and arts, and the other foot in the world of science.

Aside from Eugene Onegin, Hofstadter has translated many other poems ( always respecting their formal constraints ), and two other novels ( in prose ): La Chamade ( That Mad Ache ) by French writer Françoise Sagan, and La Scoperta dell ' Alba ( The Discovery of Dawn ) by Walter Veltroni, the then head of the Partito Democratico in Italy.

Another column reported on the discoveries made by University of Michigan professor Robert Axelrod in his computer tournament pitting many iterated prisoner's dilemma strategies against each other, and a follow-up column discussed a similar tournament that Hofstadter and his graduate student Marek Lugowski organized.

In 2010, Hofstadter took up salsa dancing while on sabbatical in Paris, and his salsa passion led him to branch out to other dances.

Although Hofstadter claims the idea of translating his book " never crossed mind " when he was writing it, when approached with the idea by his publisher he was " very excited about seeing book in other languages, especially … French ".

Because of other troubles translators might have retaining the meaning of the book, Hofstadter " painstakingly went through every last sentence of GEB, annotating a copy for translators into any language that might be targeted ".

* Stanford University has an annual lecture series named after Hofstadter, the Robert Hofstadter Memorial Lectures, which consists of two lectures each year, one oriented toward the general public and the other oriented toward scientists.

" Dr. Hofstadter appropriated the characters of Achilles and the Tortoise for other, original, dialogues in the book which alternate contrapuntally with prose chapters.

Different applications of the term are not fully isomorphic in the sense described by Douglas Hofstadter as follows: “ The word ‘ isomorphism ’ applies when two complex structures can be mapped onto each other, in such a way that to each part of one structure there is a corresponding part in the other structure, where ‘ corresponding ’ means that the two parts play similar roles in their respective structures .” The lack of such an isomorphism means that various definitions are in some degree mutually inconsistent.

Schawlow and Professor Robert Hofstadter at Stanford, who also had an autistic child, teamed up to help each other find solutions to the condition.

Hofstadter disliked the term, but it was widely applied to his rejection of the Beardian idea that there was a fundamental conflict running throughout American history that pitted economic classes against each other.

Douglas Hofstadter also discusses this painting and other images like it in Gödel, Escher, Bach: An Eternal Golden Braid, a work on cognition and consciousness.

The American Political Tradition is a 1948 book by Richard Hofstadter, an account on the ideology of previous U. S. presidents and other political figures.

Hofstadter is related by marriage to the late evolutionary biologist Stephen Jay Gould: Hofstadter's paternal aunt Shirley Hofstadter was married to Gould's maternal uncle Herbert Rosenberg.

In 1988 Dutch director Piet Hoenderdos created a docudrama about Hofstadter and his ideas, Victim of the Brain, based on The Mind's I.

Gödel, Escher, Bach by Douglas Hofstadter, published in 1979, discusses the ideas of self-reference and strange loops, drawing on a wide range of artistic and scientific work, including the art of M. C. Escher and the music of J. S. Bach, to illustrate ideas behind Gödel's incompleteness theorems.

Diverse translations ( usually to English ) of a short poem in Renaissance French, Clément Marot's A une Damoyselle malade ( referred to as ‘ Ma mignonne ’ by Hofstadter ), serve as reference points for his ideas on the subject.

Hofstadter, the DeWitt Clinton Professor of American History at Columbia University, became the " iconic historian of postwar liberal consensus ", largely due to his emphasis on ideas and political culture rather than the day-to-day doings of politicians.

While not publishing his harshest thoughts, Hofstadter said privately that Turner no longer was a useful guide to history, because he was too obsessed with the frontier and his ideas too often had " a pound of false-hood for every few ounces of truth ".

Rather than just provide a copious number of details of each reform movement, Hofstadter instead analyzes the ideas of the average participant, not the legislative or political philosophies.

In 1936, Hofstadter entered the doctoral program in history at Columbia University, where Merle Curti was demonstrating how to synthesize intellectual, social, and political history based upon secondary sources rather than primary-source archival research.

Hofstadter also noted that " sexual freedom " is a vice frequently attributed to the conspiracist's target group, noting that " very often the fantasies of true believers reveal strong sadomasochistic outlets, vividly expressed, for example, in the delight of anti-Masons with the cruelty of Masonic punishments.

* The Mind's I ( Bantam, Reissue edition 1985, with Douglas Hofstadter ) ( ISBN 0-553-34584-2 )

Hofstadter has said that he feels " uncomfortable with the nerd culture that centers on computers ".

It includes interviews with Hofstadter about his work.

When Martin Gardner retired from writing his " Mathematical Games " column for Scientific American magazine, Hofstadter succeeded him in 1981 – 1983 with a column entitled Metamagical Themas ( an anagram of " Mathematical Games ").

* The femtometre, a convenient unit of length in dealing with distances inside the atomic nucleus, was coined the " fermi " by Robert Hofstadter in a 1956, and is still a term widely used.

Stanford University's Department of Physics credits Hofstadter with being " one of the principal scientists who developed the Compton Observatory.

( Hofstadter went on to follow with an even more personal book titled I Am a Strange Loop after the death of his wife.

" While Hofstadter is generally credited with popularizing the term in his book " Social Darwinism in American Life " it was Talcott Parsons who paved the way for Hofstadter.

According to Roderick Long, Leonard argues that " Hofstadter is guilty of distorting Spencer's free market views and smearing them with the taint of racist Darwinian collectivism.

Dewdney followed Martin Gardner and Douglas Hofstadter in authoring Scientific American's recreational mathematics column, which he renamed to " Computer Recreations ", then " Mathematical Recreations ", from 1984 to 1993 ( with the last few appearing in Algorithm ).

He was considered, along with Richard Hofstadter and Arthur Schlesinger, Jr., to be one of the most influential historians of the postwar era, 1940s-1970s, both by scholars and by the general public.

Knopf's personal interest in the fields of history, sociology, and science led to close friendships in the academic community with such noted historians as Richard Hofstadter, Arthur Schlesinger, Jr., and Samuel Eliot Morison.

After 1945, Hofstadter philosophically broke with Charles A.

Hofstadter had been reluctant to join, knowing the orthodoxy it imposed on intellectuals, and disillusioned by the spectacle of the Moscow Show Trials, but wrote: " I join without enthusiasm but with a sense of obligation ... my fundamental reason for joining is that I don't like capitalism and want to get rid of it.

Although Hofstadter quickly became disillusioned with the Communist Party, he retained an independent left-wing standpoint well into the 1940s.

He even employed one, Mike Wallace, to collaborate with him on American Violence: A Documentary History ( 1970 ); about the book, Hofstadter student Eric Foner said that it " utterly contradicted the consensus vision of a nation placidly evolving without serious disagreements ".

" History with a Smirk: Richard Hofstadter and scholarly fashion ," Books and Culture ( Jan-Feb. 2007 ) online

Aaron Lynch claims to have co-invented this word with Douglas Hofstadter in the mid-80s.

People with the surname Hofstadter: