However, the modern science of genetics, which seeks to understand the process of inheritance, only began with the work of Gregor Mendel in the mid-19th century.

However, by the mid-19th century, environmental determinism was under attack for lacking methodological rigour associated with modern science, and later as serving to justify racism and imperialism.

However this changed dramatically with the Great Famine of the mid-19th century, which created conditions of mass starvation and emigration.

However, when Charles Tutschek, writing in the mid-19th century, researched the Oromo, " his informants, according to their published letters, used Galla as a term of self-reference.

However, while the names Shiraz and Hermitage gradually seem to have replaced Scyras in Australia from the mid-19th century, the spelling Shiraz has also been documented in British sources back to at least the 1830s.

However, by the mid-19th century it had become clear that " the existing dichotomy of the plant and animal kingdoms become rapidly blurred at its boundaries and outmoded ".

However, its military power weakened thereafter and, faced with massive rebellions and defeat in wars, the Qing Dynasty declined after the mid-19th century.

However, this was not universally accepted until the mid-19th century.

However, the residential parts of Kentish Town, dating back to the mid-19th century have survived and are much admired architecturally.

However, there is evidence to suggest the existence of a previous Guernsey flag, used in the mid-19th century.

However this theory cannot explain the fact that Kilimanjaro was never used in Kichagga before in Europe in the mid-19th century .< ref name = names >

However, Tammany Hall also served as an engine for graft and political corruption, perhaps most infamously under William M. " Boss " Tweed in the mid-19th century.

However, the origins of the company can be traced back to a chemist's in the city's Tindal Street, where flavoured waters were on sale as early as the mid-19th century.

However, all the ghosts in the ballroom scene are created using a clever variation of Pepper's Ghost, an illusion invented in the mid-19th century.

However, some fiction writers up through the mid-19th century, who had sailing experience, also included scenes involving sailors ’ work songs.

However, beginning in the mid-19th century, playing the instrument became the prerogative of the Merina aristocracy to such an extent that possessing long fingernails became symbolic of nobility.

However, in rural districts to the south and south-east of the town-particularly Lisdoonan and the barony of Farney as well as parts of neighbouring south Armagh, the language was quite widely spoken among country people and written by local scribes until the mid-19th century.

However, even from the founding years of the field of study, early evolutionists authored remarkably sophisticated lines of thought ; already in the mid-19th century some were arguing that the loss of unused functions should be regarded as specialisation rather than degeneracy ; a move towards a derived, rather than a primitive state.

However, a dozen Ugaritic tablets from the fourteenth century BC preserve the alphabet in two sequences.

However, the various preconditions for the development at Ford stretched far back into the 19th century, from the gradual realization of the dream of interchangeability, to the concept of reinventing workflow and job descriptions using analytical methods ( the most famous example being scientific management ).

Australian rules football, officially known as Australian football, also called football, footy or Aussie rules However, late in the century the code began to decline in New South Wales and Queensland largely due to competition with other more popular football codes, as well as interstate rivalries and the lack of strong local governing bodies.

However neither the Romans nor the Goths put up much resistance to the Arab conquest of Medina Laqant in the 8th century.

However, in the 17th and 18th centuries Bern encouraged industrial development in Unteraargau and by the late 18th century it was the most industrialized region in the city-state.

However, sometimes in the first half of the 20th century hardcopy artillery fire plans and map traces were distributed.

However, other scholars have argued that though 80 % of al-Andalus converted to Islam, it did not truly occur until near the 10th century.

However it is now thought this was probably a deliberate change in composition and overall the use of brass increases over this period making up around 40 % of all copper alloys used in the Roman world by the 4th century AD.

However the cementation process was not abandoned and as late as the early 19th century there are descriptions of solid state cementation in a domed furnace at around 900 – 950 ° C and lasting up to 10 hours.

However, for at least a century, some scholars have maintained that the description of Grendel ’ s lake in Beowulf was borrowed from St. Paul ’ s vision of Hell in Homily 16 of the Blickling homilies.

However, during the Battle of Megiddo, the first reliably documented battle in the fifteenth century BC, actual discipline was instilled in both armies.

However, after a gap of 150 years, there is a final mention of Bastarnae in the mid 5th century.

However, other ancient witnesses ( such as the Old Syriac Version, 2nd century ) put John's time on Patmos during the reign of Nero.

However, this chapter does appear in all copies of the Septuagint, as well as in texts from as early as the 3rd century BC.

However, economic recovery had been observed in the beginning of the 14th century.

However, 18th century theatrical dance had at least two other styles: comic or grotesque, and semi-serious.

However enough had been taken to England, Scandinavia, Western Europe, and America in the late 19th century for the breed to establish itself outside its native country.

However, since the 19th century his reputation has been dramatically rehabilitated by archaeological finds which have repeatedly confirmed his version of events.

However, mendicant friars travelled around a lot and needed a shortened, or abbreviated, daily office contained in one portable book, and single-volume breviaries flourished from the thirteenth century onwards.

However, the term classical music is used colloquially to describe a variety of Western musical styles from the ninth century to the present, and especially from the sixteenth or seventeenth to the nineteenth.

However, in the nineteenth century, cuisine became a defining symbol of national identity.

However, the Canal du Midi was built using concrete in 1670, and there are concrete structures in Finland that date from the 16th century.

However, the first modern studies of magnetism only started with the development of electrodynamics by Faraday, Maxwell and others in the nineteenth century, which included the classification of materials as ferromagnetic, paramagnetic and diamagnetic based on their response to magnetization.

However, restrictive Spanish trade laws made it difficult for Cubans to keep up with the 17th and 18th century advances in processing sugar cane pioneered in British Barbados and French Saint Domingue ( Haiti ).

However, the instability in the ratio between the two grew over the course of the 19th century, with the increase both in supply of these metals, particularly silver, and of trade.