* 2011 Gérard Cornuéjols, IBM University Professor of Operations Research at Carnegie Mellon University ’ s Tepper School of Business

language and had a role in IBM ’ s process for controlling the language through their PL / I Projects.

RCA marketed the Spectra 70 Series ( models 15, 25, 35, 45, 46, 55, 60 and 61 ) that were hardware, but not software, compatible with IBM ’ s 360 series, and the RCA Series ( RCA 2, 3, 6, 7 ) competing against the IBM 370.

The 360's commercial release was piloted by another of Watson's lieutenants John R. Opel who managed the launch of IBM ’ s System 360 mainframe family in 1964.

In addition to having twelve children, writing books, helping companies with their management skills, and managing women consumers, Lillian was instrumental in the design of a desk in 1933 ( in cooperation with IBM ) for display at the Chicago World ’ s Fair.

Introduction of adaptive routing capability, downline loading ( MOP ), record access, a network management architecture, and gateways to other types of networks including IBM ’ s SNA and CCITT Recommendation X. 25.

Between 1969 and 1974, he was a principal instructor in IBM ’ s European education program.

IBM also became a customer in the mid 1980 ’ s and deployed CATIA in its engineering and manufacturing plants.

Italian Americans have served as CEO ’ s of numerous major corporations, such as the Ford Motor Company and Chrysler Corporation by Lee Iacocca, IBM Corporation by Samuel Palmisano, Lucent Technologies by Patricia Russo, The New York Stock Exchange by Richard Grasso and Honeywell Incorporated by Michael Bonsignore.

Looking back over the history of its development, BS2000 / OSD has its roots in the TSOS operating system ( TSOS: Time Sharing Operating System ) first developed by RCA for the / 46 model of the Spectra / 70 series, a computer family of the late 1960s related in its architecture to IBM ’ s / 360 series.

The IBM 650 ( photo ) was one of IBM ’ s early computers, and the world ’ s first mass-produced ( photo ) computer.

To measure and meet these performance goals required major improvements in IBM ’ s business processes.

To accomplish this, IBM ’ s Business Process Improvement methodology was developed.

This approach was first documented outside of IBM by H. James Harrington while at Ernst & Young and then in Harrington ’ s 1991 book entitled Business Process Improvement – the Breakthrough Strategy for Total Quality, Productivity, and Competitiveness published by McGraw-Hill.

From IBM ’ s involvement in Taligent, there was an implementation of OpenDoc in OS / 2 Warp 4.

The IBM 701, known as the Defense Calculator while in development, was announced to the public on April 29, 1952, and was IBM ’ s first commercial scientific computer.

No formal standard existed for these ‘ extended character sets ’ and vendors referred to the variants as code pages, as IBM had always done for variants of EBCDIC encodings.

In an " Order Granting in Part IBM's Motion to Limit SCO's Claims " dated June 28, 2006, Judge Brooke Wells ( the federal magistrate judge presiding over discovery aspects of the case ) barred SCO from asserting 187 of the 298 allegedly misused items that IBM had moved to exclude from the lawsuit for lack of specificity, stating “ many of SCO ’ s arguments and much of Mr. Rochkind ’ s declaration miss the mark ”, and comparing SCO's tactics with those of an officer who accuses a citizen of theft, but will not disclose what the citizen is accused of stealing.

Application programmers can still use any addressing mode: all applications, regardless of their addressing mode ( s ), can coexist without modification, and IBM maintains an unwavering commitment to tri-modal backward compatibility.

Popular locally installed email clients include Microsoft Outlook, IBM Lotus Notes, Pegasus Mail, Mozilla's Thunderbird, KMail in the Kontact suite, Evolution and Apple Inc .' s Mail.

Its single-chip implementation also allowed the VGA to be placed directly on a PC ′ s motherboard with a minimum of difficulty ( it only required video memory, timing crystals and an external RAMDAC ), and the first IBM PS / 2 models were equipped with VGA on the motherboard.

IBM in the 1970s and 1980s were famous in computer science to claim their specifications as De facto standard s even if they owned all the possible IPRs of it, and were very successful of its days, due to the IBM applications being the de-facto implementation guideline.

This model has been supported primarily by the IBM IMS DBMS, one of the earliest DBMSs.

IBM also had their own DBMS system in 1968, known as IMS.

Currently the most widely used hierarchical databases are IMS developed by IBM and Windows Registry by Microsoft.

Current IBM mainframes run all the major enterprise transaction processing environments and databases, including CICS, IMS, WebSphere Application Server, DB2, and Oracle.

They were supported by IBM 3704 / 3705 communication controllers and their Network Control Program, and by System / 370 and their VTAM and other software such as CICS and IMS.

The inspiration for the mainframe version of DB2's architecture came in part from IBM IMS, a hierarchical database, and its dedicated database manipulation language, IBM DL / I.

Firstly, IBM chose to stick to the hierarchical model with semi-network extensions in their established products such as IMS and DL / I.

Currently the most widely used hierarchical databases are IMS developed by IBM and Windows Registry by Microsoft.

* IBM InfoSphere Guardim S-TAP for VSAM on IMS to automated detection of policy violations and compliance auditing

IMS G171 RAMDAC on the VGA boardThe term " RAMDAC " did not enter into common PC-terminology until IBM introduced the IBM VGA display adapter in 1987.

IBM Information Management System ( IMS ) is a joint hierarchical database and information management system with extensive transaction processing capabilities.

IBM designed IMS with Rockwell and Caterpillar starting in 1966 for the Apollo program.

The first " IMS READY " message appeared on an IBM 2740 terminal in Downey, California, on 14 August 1968.

IMS is still going strong over 40 years later and, over time, has seen some interesting developments as IBM System / 360 technology evolved into the current z / OS and System z9 and z10 technologies.

For example, IMS supports the Java programming language, JDBC, XML, and, since late 2005, Web services ( though installing the JDBC driver may require licensing additional software from IBM ).

* IBM Redbook: IMS Primer

* IBM InfoSphere Guardium S-TAP for IMS on z / OS for detection of policy violations and compliance auditing

es: IMS ( IBM )

The first release of the CICS Program Product developed by IBM became available on July 8, 1969, not long after IMS database management system.

Rockwell chose not to pursue IMS as a marketable product but IBM, which had served as a support contractor during development, subsequently took over the product and was successful in further developing it for market.

Within IBM, CICS and IMS were chosen as strategic products to address the need for transaction management.

Tuxedo supported moving the LMOS application off mainframe systems that used Information Management System ( IMS ) from IBM on to much cheaper distributed systems running ( AT & T's own ) Unix.