It was also a less expensive alternative to the Apple Macintosh and IBM PC as a general-purpose business or home computer.

In developing AIX, IBM and Interactive Systems Corporation ( whom IBM contracted ) also incorporated source code from 4. 2 and 4. 3 BSD UNIX.

Among other variants, IBM later produced AIX Version 3 ( also known as AIX / 6000 ), based on System V Release 3, for their IBM POWER-based RS / 6000 platform.

AIX PS / 2 ( also known as AIX / 386 ) was developed by Locus Computing Corporation under contract to IBM.

In 1988, IBM announced AIX / 370, also developed by Locus Computing.

Versions were also released for the IBM PC and compatibles, and the Apple IIGS.

ACM also sponsors other computer science related events such as the worldwide ACM International Collegiate Programming Contest ( ICPC ), and has sponsored some other events such as the chess match between Garry Kasparov and the IBM Deep Blue computer.

During the early 1960s, while also active in ASCII standardization, IBM simultaneously introduced in its product line of System / 360 the 8-bit Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code ( EBCDIC ), an expansion of their 6-bit binary-coded decimal ( BCDIC ) representation used in earlier card punches.

In IBM PC compatible computers, the Basic Input / Output System ( BIOS ), also known as the system BIOS or ROM BIOS (), is a de facto standard defining a firmware interface.

" The IBM COMTRAN language invented by Bob Bemer was also drawn upon, but the FACT language specification from Honeywell was not distributed to committee members until late in the process and had relatively little impact.

The custom-designed and custom-built AGA chipset also cost Commodore considerably more than the commodity chips used in IBM PCs, further reducing Commodore's profit margins.

The first ( retroactively ) RISC-labeled processor ( IBM 801-IBMs Watson Research Center, mid-1970s ) was a tightly pipelined simple machine originally intended to be used as an internal microcode kernel, or engine, in CISC designs, but also became the processor that introduced the RISC idea to a somewhat larger public.

It was considerably faster than an IBM PC and was, like the Compaq Portable, also capable of running IBM software.

This technical leadership and the rivalry with IBM was emphasized when the Systempro server was launched in late 1989-this was a true server product with standard support for a second CPU and RAID, but also the first product to feature the EISA bus, designed in reaction to IBM's MCA ( MicroChannel Architecture ).

HP was also unable to compete effectively with IBM in the high-end server market.

At MIT, Olsen and Anderson noticed something odd: students would line up for hours to get a turn to use the stripped-down TX-0, while largely ignoring a faster IBM machine that was also available.

It was also licensed to IBM by Microsoft, and marketed by them as PC-DOS.

IBM also had their own DBMS system in 1968, known as IMS.

In addition to CSMA / CD, Token Ring ( supported by IBM ) and Token Bus ( selected and henceforward supported by General Motors ) were also considered as candidates for a LAN standard.

IBM Research Labs also developed an extended FORTRAN-based language called " VECTRAN "

The IBM 7094, introduced the same year, also supported single and double precision, with slightly different formats.

This program ran only on IBM VM / SP CMS, but was the inspiration for other programs, including filelist ( a script run via the Xedit editor ), and programs running on other operating systems, including a program also called flist, which ran on OpenVMS, and fulist ( from the name of the corresponding internal IBM program ), which runs on Unix.

The AIX family of operating systems debuted in 1986, became the standard operating system for the RS / 6000 series on its launch in 1990, and is still actively developed by IBM.

A few years later, in 1981, IBM introduced the first DOS based IBM PC, and due to the overwhelming popularity of PCs and their clones, DOS soon became the operating system on which the majority of BBS programs were run.

" By 1972 when GE and RCA were no longer in the mainframe business, the remaining five companies behind IBM became known as the BUNCH, an acronym based on their initials.

The common teleprinter could easily be interfaced to the computer and became very popular except for those computers manufactured by IBM.

IBM introduced these on the IBM 709 in 1958, and they became a common feature of their platforms.

* The DOS / 360 initial / simple operating system for the IBM System / 360 family of mainframe computers ( it later became DOS / VSE, and was eventually just called VSE ).

Hollerith's company eventually became the core of IBM.

Later models of removable pack drives, from IBM and others, became the norm in most computer installations and

As software became more complex and important, the cost of supporting it on so many different designs became burdensome, and this was one of the factors which led IBM to develop System / 360 and its operating systems.

By extending the 16 / 24-bit IBM PC / AT standard into a natively 32-bit computing environment, Compaq became the first third party to implement a major technical hardware advance on the PC platform.

In 1975, Goldfarb moved from Cambridge, Massachusetts to Silicon Valley and became a product planner at the IBM Almaden Research Center.

Octal became widely used in computing when systems such as the PDP-8, ICL 1900 and IBM mainframes employed 12-bit, 24-bit or 36-bit words.

Enfin became far more popular in Europe, as IBM introduced it into IT shops before their development of IBM Smalltalk ( later VisualAge ).

SNOBOL3 became quite popular and was rewritten for other computers than the IBM 7090 by other programmers.

That phrase became the slogan of both the ICC and IBM.

During this same period, IBM became more deeply involved in the war effort for the U. S., focusing on producing large quantities of data processing equipment for the military and experimenting with analog computers.

As the computer market quickly became dominated by the IBM PC, this same portable design made it difficult for the program to add new features and affected its performance.

Replacement of the factory-installed 8250 UART was a common upgrade for owners of IBM PC, XT, and compatible computers when high-speed modems became available.

As the Tandy 1000 line outlasted the PCjr by many years ( and in fact did not make it to market until shortly before IBM announced the discontinuation of the PCjr ) these graphics and sound standards became known as " Tandy-compatible " or ( for the graphics ) " TGA " ( standing for Tandy Graphics Adapter ) and many software packages of the era listed their support for Tandy standard hardware on the package.

IBM PC compatible " clones " became commonplace, and the terms " personal computer ," and especially " PC " stuck with the general public.