* 1998-2000 & 2001-2005: Co-chair IGAD ’ s Partners Forum and chairman of the Sudan Committee, the donor support group of the peace negotiations for the Sudan

Djibouti is a member of La Francophonie ( since 1977 ), the Arab League, as well as the Organization of African Unity ( OAU ), and the Intergovernmental Authority on Development ( IGAD ).

The current Federal Government of Somalia that succeeded the Transitional Federal Government is approved by the Arab League ( AL ), Organisation of Islamic Cooperation ( OIC ), the African Union ( AU ) and Intergovernmental Authority on Development ( IGAD ).

As of 2009, he is a lecturer at the IGAD programme of NHTV Breda University of Applied Sciences in the Netherlands, teaching game programming.

On December 1st, 2003, as the Minister for home affairs and international cooperation for Kenya, he welcomed the people to this meeting, whose theme was Strengthening the role of IGAD in regional peace initiatives and post conflict reconstruction on behalf of the republic of Kenya and thanked the Danish government, IGAD Secretariat and the ISS on behalf of the IGAD Member States for their preparations and funding of the meeting. Kalonzo Musyoka was involved in the Sudan peace process between 1993-1997 and he was part of the team that reconstituted the draft establishing IGAD in 1995.

Since 1993, the leaders of Eritrea, Ethiopia, Uganda, and Kenya have pursued a peace initiative for Sudan under the auspices of the Intergovernmental Authority on Development ( IGAD ), but results have been mixed.

Despite that record, the IGAD initiative promulgated the 1994 Declaration of Principles ( DOP ) that aimed to identify the essential elements necessary to a just and comprehensive peace settlement ; i. e., the relationship between religion and the state, power-sharing, wealth-sharing, and the right of self-determination for the south.

These three agreements paralleled the terms and conditions of the IGAD agreement, calling for a degree of autonomy for the south and the right of self-determination.

In 1996 a revitalized organization of seven East African states, the Intergovernmental Authority on Development ( IGAD ), established its secretariat in Djibouti.

As such Egypt was not directly involved in the Sudan Peace Process that was hosted in Kenya under the auspices of IGAD and that gave the peoples of south Sudan the right to secede and form an independent state in 2001 after the long and brutal Sudanese civil war that cumulatively lasted more than 40 years and claimed over 2 million lives.

The IGAD and AU member states are presently involved in a UN-sanctioned peacekeeping mission, AMISOM, to help stabilize Somalia.

In 2009, he became a lecturer at the IGAD programme of NHTV Breda University of Applied Sciences in the Netherlands, teaching game programming.

The AMPAS was originally conceived by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer studio boss Louis B. Mayer as a professional honorary organization to help improve the film industry ’ s image and help mediate labor disputes.

The International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences defines psychological altruism as " a motivational state with the goal of increasing another ’ s welfare ".

Psychological altruism is contrasted with psychological egoism, which refers to the motivation to increase one ’ s own welfare.

One way is a sincere expression of Christian love, " motivated by a powerful feeling of security, strength, and inner salvation, of the invincible fullness of one ’ s own life and existence ".

Another way is merely " one of the many modern substitutes for love, ... nothing but the urge to turn away from oneself and to lose oneself in other people ’ s business.

* David Firestone-When Romney ’ s Reach Exceeds His Grasp-Mitt Romney quotes the song

" Swift extends the metaphor to get in a few jibes at England ’ s mistreatment of Ireland, noting that " For this kind of commodity will not bear exportation, and flesh being of too tender a consistence, to admit a long continuance in salt, although perhaps I could name a country, which would be glad to eat up our whole nation without it.

George Wittkowsky argued that Swift ’ s main target in A Modest Proposal was not the conditions in Ireland, but rather the can-do spirit of the times that led people to devise a number of illogical schemes that would purportedly solve social and economic ills.

In response, Swift ’ s Modest Proposal was " a burlesque of projects concerning the poor ", that were in vogue during the early 18th century.

Critics differ about Swift ’ s intentions in using this faux-mathematical philosophy.

Charles K. Smith argues that Swift ’ s rhetorical style persuades the reader to detest the speaker and pity the Irish.

Swift ’ s specific strategy is twofold, using a " trap " to create sympathy for the Irish and a dislike of the narrator who, in the span of one sentence, " details vividly and with rhetorical emphasis the grinding poverty " but feels emotion solely for members of his own class.

Swift ’ s use of gripping details of poverty and his narrator ’ s cool approach towards them create " two opposing points of view " that " alienate the reader, perhaps unconsciously, from a narrator who can view with ' melancholy ' detachment a subject that Swift has directed us, rhetorically, to see in a much less detached way.

Once the children have been commodified, Swift ’ s rhetoric can easily turn " people into animals, then meat, and from meat, logically, into tonnage worth a price per pound ".

Swift uses the proposer ’ s serious tone to highlight the absurdity of his proposal.

In making his argument, the speaker uses the conventional, text book approved order of argument from Swift ’ s time ( which was derived from the Latin rhetorician Quintilian ).

James Johnson argued that A Modest Proposal was largely influenced and inspired by Tertullian ’ s Apology: a satirical attack against early Roman persecution of Christianity.

Johnson notes Swift ’ s obvious affinity for Tertullian and the bold stylistic and structural similarities between the works A Modest Proposal and Apology.

He reminds readers that " there is a gap between the narrator ’ s meaning and the text ’ s, and that a moral-political argument is being carried out by means of parody ".

: UNMIBH ’ s mandate is to contribute to the establishment of the rule of law in Bosnia and Herzegovina by assisting in reforming and restructuring the local police, assessing the functioning of the existing judicial system, and monitoring and auditing the performance of the police and others involved in the maintenance of law and order.

A trial by fire proposed by a rival Florentine preacher to test Savonarola ’ s divine mandate was a fiasco and popular opinion turned against him.

The network ’ s defenders note that the CBC ’ s mandate differs from private media ’ s, particularly in its focus on Canadian content ; that much of the public funding actually goes to the radio networks ; and that the CBC is responsible for the full cost of most of its prime-time programming, while private networks can fill up most of their prime-time schedules with American series acquired for a fraction of their production cost.

Gennadius of Massilia considers that Orosius lived at least until the end of the Roman emperor Flavio Honorio ’ s mandate, which lasted until 423.

Its mandate was to continue its previous mission of biomedical research and its role as the world ’ s leading research campus for biological agents requiring specialty containment.

The International Organization of the Francophonie relies on four operating agencies to carry out its mandate – l ’ Agence Universitaire de la Francophonie ( AUF ), TV5Monde, l ’ Association Internationale des Maires Francophones ( AIMF ), l ' Association des Fonctionnaires Francophones des Organisations Internationales ( AFFOI ) and l ’ Université Senghor d ’ Alexandrie.

The Lambeth Borough website states this underlines the apolitical nature of the mayor ’ s role and enables them to represent all the citizens of the borough however some have criticised this arrangement as the council ignoring the political mandate of the voters.

The EUREKA Chair rotates yearly among EUREKA ’ s member countries, with a mandate running from July to June of the following year.

Johannes Verkuyl states, “ Missiology ’ s task in every age is to investigate scientifically and critically the presuppositions, motives, structures, methods, patterns of cooperation and leadership which the churches bring to their mandate ”

The Bureau of Consumer Protection ’ s mandate is to protect consumers against unfair or deceptive acts or practices in commerce.

Inflexible deadlines mandate a delivery time, but in doing so they necessarily don ’ t mandate delivery before that time.

Specifically, the Committee discussed their concerns regarding the following trends: the potential of media ownership concentration to limit news diversity and reduce news quality ; the CRTC and Competition Bureau ’ s ineffectiveness at stopping media ownership concentration ; the lack of federal funding for the CBC and the broadcaster ’ s uncertain mandate and role ; diminishing employment standards for journalists ( including less job security, less journalistic freedom, and new contractual threats to intellectual property ); a lack of Canadian training and research institutes ; and difficulties with the federal government ’ s support for print media and the absence of funding for the internet-based news media.

In December 2009, UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon said of Veneman, “ She has fulfilled her mandate with immense dedication, and I have been impressed by her extraordinary energy and determination to improve children ’ s health, education and well-being around the world.

Sepak Takraw was so well received by schools that it became part of ASEC ’ s mandate to help introduce, promote and organise the sport right across the country.

The change of name honored William Paterson, who was the state ’ s first senator, its second governor, and a United States Supreme Court Justice appointed by President George Washington, and reflected both the institution ’ s beginnings in the city that also bears his name and the legislative mandate to move from a teachers college to a broad-based liberal arts institution.