If the first allele is dominant to the second, then the fraction of the population that will show the dominant phenotype is p < sup > 2 </ sup > + 2pq, and the fraction with the recessive phenotype is q < sup > 2 </ sup >.

* If the balance factor of R is + 1, two different rotations are needed.

* If the balance factor of L is + 1, a single right rotation ( with P as the root ) is needed ( Left-Left case ).

If the balance factor becomes − 2 or + 2 then the subtree is unbalanced and needs to be rotated to fix it.

If F is an antiderivative of f, and the function f is defined on some interval, then every other antiderivative G of f differs from F by a constant: there exists a number C such that G ( x ) = F ( x ) + C for all x.

If the maximum gain is 0 dB, the 3 dB gain is the range where the gain is more than-3dB, or the attenuation is less than + 3dB.

* The Lusternik – Schnirelmann theorem: If the sphere S < sup > n </ sup > is covered by n + 1 open sets, then one of these sets contains a pair ( x, − x ) of antipodal points.

If there are g ( E ) dE states with energy E to E + dE, then the Boltzmann distribution predicts a probability distribution for the energy:

If c is another common divisor of a and b, then c also divides as + bt

If the user pressed keys 1 + 2 = 3 simultaneously the letter " c " appeared.

If one knows the actual URL of a website that features sexual explicit or 18 + content, they have the ability to access it without using a search engine.

If the context menu is being triggered by keyboard, such as by using Shift + F10, the context menu appears instead near the focused widget instead of the position of the pointer, to save recognition efforts.

If h is negative, then a + h is on the low part of the step, so the secant line from a to a + h is very steep, and as h tends to zero the slope tends to infinity.

If h is positive, then a + h is on the high part of the step, so the secant line from a to a + h has slope zero.

Linear Diophantine equations take the form ax + by = c. If c is the greatest common divisor of a and b then this is Bézout's identity, and the equation has an infinite number of solutions.

It follows that there are also infinitely many solutions if c is a multiple of the greatest common divisor of a and b. If c is not a multiple of the greatest common divisor of a and b, then the Diophantine equation ax + by = c has no solutions.

Since mathematics is related to logic, he cites an example from mathematics: If we have a formula like ( a + b )( a-b )= a²-b² it does not tell us how to think mathematically.

* Scanning: If a is the next symbol in the input stream, for every state in S ( k ) of the form ( X → α • a β, j ), add ( X → α a • β, j ) to S ( k + 1 ).

* If < math > a < b </ math > and < math > c < d </ math > then < math > a + c < b + d </ math >;

If the two input signals are both sinusoids of specified frequencies f < sub > 1 </ sub > and f < sub > 2 </ sub >, then the output of the mixer will contain two new sinsoids that have the sum f < sub > 1 </ sub > + f < sub > 2 </ sub > frequency and the difference frequency absolute value | f < sub > 1 </ sub >-f < sub > 2 </ sub >|.

If Alice measures − x, the system collapses into state IIa, and Bob will get + x.

If the measurement result is + z, this means that immediately after measurement the system state undergoes an orthogonal projection of ψ onto the

If a ) testimonies conflict one another, b ) there are a small number of witnesses, c ) the speaker has no integrity, d ) the speaker is overly hesitant or bold, or e ) the speaker is known to have motives for lying, then the epistemologist has reason to be skeptical of the speaker's claims.

* If the operation is associative, ( ab ) c = a ( bc ), then the value depends only on the tuple ( a, b, c ).

If your side has two aces and a void, then you are not at risk of losing the first two tricks, so long as ( a ) your void is useful ( i. e., does not duplicate the function of an ace that your side holds ) and ( b ) you are not vulnerable to the loss of the first two tricks in the fourth suit ( because, for instance, one of the partnership hands holds a singleton in that suit or the protected king, giving your side second round control ).

If a and b are coprime and a divides the product bc, then a divides c. This can be viewed as a generalization of Euclid's lemma.

If vectors a and b are orthogonal, then and:

If X is a topological space and M is a complete metric space, then the set C < sub > b </ sub >( X, M ) consisting of all continuous bounded functions ƒ from X to M is a closed subspace of B ( X, M ) and hence also complete.

:“ If an integer n is greater than 2, then has no solutions in non-zero integers a, b, and c. I have a truly marvelous proof of this proposition which this margin is too narrow to contain .”

If f is a surjection and a ~ b ↔ f ( a ) = f ( b ), then g is a bijection.

If ~ and ≈ are two equivalence relations on the same set S, and a ~ b implies a ≈ b for all a, b ∈ S, then ≈ is said to be a coarser relation than ~, and ~ is a finer relation than ≈.

* If < math > a < b </ math > and < math > b < c </ math > then < math > a < c </ math >;

* If < math > a < b </ math > and then < math > ac < bc </ math >;

* If < math > a < b </ math > and < math > c < 0 </ math > then < math > bc < ac </ math >.

*( EF1 ) If a and b are in R and b is nonzero, then there are q and r in R such that and either r = 0 or.

If A is the major axis of an ellipsoid and B and C are the other two axes, the radius of curvature in the ab plane at the end of the axis Af, and the difference in pressure along the A and B axes is Af.

* If the operation is commutative, ab = ba, then the value depends only on

* If a and b are two elements of R such that their product ab is an element of P, then a is in P or b is in P,

* Veblen's axiom: If a, b, c, d are distinct points and the lines through ab and cd meet, then so do the lines through ac and bd.

If p ∤ a and p ∤ b, then p ∤ ab.

If p ∤ a and p | ab, then p | b.

If n | ab, and n is relatively prime to a, then n | b. ( This is a generalization because if n is prime, either n | a or n is relatively prime to a.

If a marriage is annulled, however, or it is found to have been void ab initio ( i. e. not valid in law to start with ), and assuming the person was not married previously, that individual is single, rather than unmarried.

If a student has no previous background in a given language, then that student may study that language as an ab initio SL subject.