If a similar ball is charged by the same glass rod, it is found to repel the first: the charge acts to force the two balls apart.

If a charged Leyden jar is discharged by shorting the inner and outer coatings and left to sit for a few minutes, the jar will recover some of its previous charge, and a second spark can be obtained from it.

If the monopoly were permitted to charge individualised prices ( this is termed third degree price discrimination ), the quantity produced, and the price charged to the marginal customer, would be identical to that of a competitive company, thus eliminating the deadweight loss ; however, all gains from trade ( social welfare ) would accrue to the monopolist and none to the consumer.

If an inmate is in jail and invoked Miranda on one case, it is unclear whether this extends to any other cases that they may be charged with while in custody.

If the vaulter fails to begin an attempt within this time, the vaulter is charged with a time foul and the attempt is a miss.

If SMES were to be used for utilities it would be a diurnal storage device, charged from baseload power at night and meeting peak loads during the day.

If the solvent is water, hydration occurs when the charged solute ions become surrounded by water molecules.

If a tax is paid on outsourced services that is not also charged on services performed for oneself, then it may be cheaper to perform the services oneself than to pay someone elseeven considering losses in economic efficiency.

If the waves have the correct frequency ( or wavelength ) and polarization, their energy can be transferred to the charged particles in the plasma, which in turn collide with other plasma particles, thus increasing the temperature of the bulk plasma.

" If a magnetic sail orients at an angle relative to the solar wind, charged particles are deflected preferentially to one side and the magnetic sail is pushed laterally.

If the electrode is positively charged, the base metal will be hotter, increasing weld penetration and welding speed.

If a bet goes overnight, the bettor is charged a financing cost ( or receives it, if the bettor is shorting the stock ).

If the crop failed, payment was deferred, and no interest could be charged for that year.

If the charged object has a positive charge, the force and acceleration will be in the direction of the field.

If Bank of America discovered the warrant no longer existed, Waksal could have been charged with bank fraud.

If the storage cell is charged, the bit-line's voltage only decreases very slightly.

If a surfactant contains a head with two oppositely charged groups, it is termed zwitterionic.

If those people were negatively charged ( like electrons ), this movement would constitute conduction.

If the seats themselves were positively charged, then only the vacant seat would be positive.

If a charge is placed inside an ungrounded Faraday cage, the internal face of the cage will be charged ( in the same manner described for an external charge ) to prevent the existence of a field inside the body of the cage.

If he encounters the CPA, he is charged a fee but gains new tax-sheltered investment options.

If ( for example ) a magic sword is considered to have real-world value, a player who kills a powerful monster to earn such a sword could find himself being charged tax on the value of the sword, as would be normal for a " prize winning ".

If a country went over that, it would be charged interest, obliging a country to reduce its currency value and prevent capital exports.

If there is a prior agreement with the account provider for an overdraft, and the amount overdrawn is within the authorized overdraft limit, then interest is normally charged at the agreed rate.

If a particle and antiparticle are in the appropriate quantum states, then they can annihilate each other and produce other particles.

If denotes the quantum state of a particle ( n ) with momentum p, spin J whose component in the z-direction is σ, then one has

If the path of the particle or centre of mass of the rigid body passes through the given origin, its angular momentum is zero.

If we define r < sub > i </ sub > as the displacement of particle i from the center of mass, and v < sub > i </ sub > as the velocity of particle i with respect to the center of mass, then we have

If a particle of the beam crosses this surface, there will be some kind of interaction.

If we think of the atoms as impenetrable steel discs and the impinging particle as a bullet of negligible diameter, this ratio is the probability that the bullet will strike a steel disc, i. e., that the atomic projectile will be stopped by the foil.

If this acceleration is multiplied by the particle mass, the leading term is the centripetal force and the negative of the second term related to angular acceleration is sometimes called the Euler force.

If the depletion layer is large enough to catch the whole shower or to stop a heavy particle, a fairly accurate measurement of the particle ’ s energy can be made, simply by measuring the charge conducted and without the complexity of a magnetic spectrometer, etc.

If an elementary particle truly has no substructure, then it is one of the basic building blocks of the universe from which all other particles are made.

If the entire volume of the observable universe ( taken to be 3 × 10 < sup > 80 </ sup > m < sup > 3 </ sup >) were packed solid with fine dust particles about 1. 5 micrometres in size, then the number of different ways of ordering these particles ( that is, assigning the number 1 to one particle, then the number 2 to another particle, and so on until all particles are numbered ) would be approximately one googolplex.

If the particles are indistinguishable, this is impossible by definition ; either particle can be in either state.

If the particles are bosons, they occupy a totally symmetric state, which is symmetric under the exchange of any two particle labels:

If a particle of charge q moves with velocity v in the presence of an electric field E and a magnetic field B, then it will experience a force

If a force is applied to a particle for a time interval, the momentum of the particle changes by an amount

If the particle is moving at speed in the first frame of reference, in the second it is moving at speed

If, e. g., u is the speed of a particle, then the straightforward notation for its velocity is u, < u > u </ u >, or.

If the photon energy is absorbed, some of the energy liberates the electron from the atom, and the rest contributes to the electron's kinetic energy as a free particle.

If the particle is in an eigenstate of position, then its momentum is completely unknown.

If the spin of a particle has a positive projection on its direction of motion then it is called left-handed ; otherwise, it is right-handed.

If Alice has a particle which is entangled with a particle owned by Bob, and Bob teleports it to Carol, then afterwards, Alice's particle is entangled with Carol's.