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Page "Boiling point" ¶ 9
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If and heat
If you have a house which heat doesn't penetrate easily, your unit will have less heat to remove.
If the brine regenerator uses high heat, they also partially sterilise the air.
If enough electric power is available, cooling can be provided by conventional air conditioning using a heat pump.
If the pressure in a system remains constant ( isobaric ), a vapor at saturation temperature will begin to condense into its liquid phase as thermal energy ( heat ) is removed.
If later heat treatments cause this glass to become partly crystalline, the resulting material is known as a glass-ceramic, widely used as cooktop.
If high output powers are needed from a class-A circuit, the power waste ( and the accompanying heat ) will become significant.
If ΔH is positive, the reaction is endothermic, that is heat is absorbed by the system due to the products of the reaction having a greater enthalpy than the reactants.
If FLARE provided the XM-291 gun project with the sufficient radiative heat to ignite the propellant to achieve a muzzle energy of 17 MJ one could only imagine the possibilities with a fully developed FLARE plasma igniter.
If buried on hot coals or ashes, the heat can kill pathogens, the dry ash can desiccate, and the earth can block oxygen and further contamination.
If water is evaporated too quickly, the membrane dries, resistance across it increases, and eventually it will crack, creating a gas " short circuit " where hydrogen and oxygen combine directly, generating heat that will damage the fuel cell.
If the meteoroid maintains a fixed orientation for some time, without tumbling, it may develop a conical " nose cone " or " heat shield " shape.
If these delayed neutrons are captured without producing fissions, they produce heat as well.
If water-saturated zones still exist in sediments under the volcano, they would likely have been kept warm by a high geothermal gradient and residual heat from the volcano's magma chamber.
If a supercontinent covers a portion of the earth ’ s surface where heat from the mantle accumulates under the crust, it causes the land mass to dome upward.
If the appliance is one whose purpose is for light or heat ( such as an incandescent lightbulb or electric oven ) then the lighting or heating elements may be considered as a type of fire ; if so, then turning them on constitutes both " lighting a fire " ( category 37 ) and " cooking " ( a form of baking, category 11 ), and turning them off would be " extinguishing a fire " ( category 36 ).
If the friction and heat dissipation were not present, the Moon's gravitational force on the tidal bulge would rapidly ( within two days ) bring the tide back into synchronization with the Moon, and the Moon would no longer recede.
If the current is large enough to generate more heat than the device can lose to its surroundings, the device heats up, causing its resistance to increase, and therefore causing even more heating.
If too many of these neutrons are absorbed by other uranium-235 nuclei, a nuclear chain reaction occurs that results in a burst of heat or ( in special circumstances ) an explosion.
If " carb-icing " is an issue, plenty of waste engine heat is available to prevent trouble.
If you put heat as a product:
If we were to lower the temperature, the equilibrium would shift to produce more heat.
If these measures are insufficient to make the blood temperature in the brain match the new setting in the hypothalamus, then shivering begins in order to use muscle movements to produce more heat.
If the armor is defeated, the heat and spalling ( particle spray ) generated by the penetrator going through the armor, and the pressure wave that would develop, would destroy the target.

If and vaporization
If the feed is a liquid at a much higher pressure than the column pressure and flows through a pressure let-down valve just ahead of the column, it will immediately expand and undergo a partial flash vaporization resulting in a liquid-vapor mixture as it enters the distillation column.

If and vapor
If one component changes another component's vapor pressure, or if the volatility of a component is dependent on its percentage in the mixture, the law will fail.
If the difference in vapor pressure between the two components A and B is large ( generally expressed as the difference in boiling points ), the mixture in the beginning of the distillation is highly enriched in component A, and when component A has distilled off, the boiling liquid is enriched in component B.
If the liquid and vapor are not evenly distributed across the superficial tower area as it enters the packed bed, the liquid to vapor ratio will not be correct in the packed bed and the required separation will not be achieved.
If evaporation takes place in an enclosed area, the escaping molecules accumulate as a vapor above the liquid.
) If the vapor is in contact with a liquid or solid phase, the two phases will be in a state of equilibrium.
If a pure solute which has zero vapor pressure ( it will not evaporate ) is dissolved in a solvent, the vapor pressure of the final solution will be lower than that of the pure solvent.
If the vapor pressure is less than predicted ( a negative deviation ), fewer molecules of each component than expected have left the solution in the presence of the other component, indicating that the forces between unlike molecules are stronger.
If the system is at equilibrium, then the chemical potential of the component i must be the same in the liquid solution and in the vapor above it.
If the vapor pressure of a mixture is lower than expected from Raoult's law, there is said to be a negative deviation.
If the deviation is large, then the vapor pressure curve will show a maximum at a particular composition and form a positive azeotrope.
If the air contains water vapor, then cooling of the air can cause the water to condense, and the behavior is no longer that of an ideal gas.
If the air is at the saturated vapor pressure, then the rate at which temperature drops with height is called the saturated adiabatic lapse rate.
If the air is cooled to its dew point and becomes saturated, it normally sheds vapor it can no longer retain which condenses into cloud.
If the condensation process occurs below the freezing level in the troposphere, the nuclei help transform the vapor into very small water droplets.
If a surface heating the liquid is significantly hotter than the liquid then film boiling will occur, where a thin layer of vapor, which has low thermal conductivity, insulates the surface.
If the vapor is re-condensed, the layers will reform in the condensate, and will do so in a fixed ratio, which in this case is 4. 4 % of the volume in the top layer and 95. 6 % in the bottom layer.
If enough water vapor condenses into cloud droplets, these droplets may become large enough to fall to the ground as precipitation.
If the water vapor condenses back to a liquid or solid phase onto a surface, the latent energy absorbed during evaporation is released as sensible heat onto the surface.
If the system at State A is isobarically heated ( heating with no change in system pressure ) then the relative humidity of the system decreases because the saturated vapor pressure of water increases with increasing temperature.
If the saturated liquid is a single-component liquid ( for example, liquid propane or liquid ammonia ), a part of the liquid immediately " flashes " into vapor.
If the saturated liquid is a multi-component liquid ( for example, a mixture of propane, isobutane and normal butane ), the flashed vapor is richer in the more volatile components than is the remaining liquid.

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