If a detector was placed at a distance of 1 m, the ion flight times would be X and Y ns.

If mineral acid is added to the acetic acid mixture, increasing the concentration of hydronium ion, the amount of dissociation must decrease as the reaction is driven to the left in accordance with this principle.

If these three ligands and the metal ion are in one plane, the isomer is said to be meridional, or mer.

If superoxide ion associated to Fe < sup > 3 +</ sup > is protonated the hemoglobin iron will remain oxidized and incapable of binding oxygen.

If the X ion is K or Na, the mica is a " common " mica, whereas if the X ion is Ca, the mica is classed as a " brittle " mica.

If an atom, ion, or molecule is at the lowest possible energy level, it and its electrons are said to be in the ground state.

If we introduce the reduced ion mass, we can write

If the pH is high ( the concentration of hydrogen ions is low ), the equilibrium shifts to the left: the hydroxide ion abstracts a proton from the ammonium ion, generating ammonia.

If the dishwasher has run out of the salt that recharges the ion exchange resin that softens the water, and the water supply is " hard ", limescale deposits can appear on all items, but are especially visible on glassware.

If the spacecraft counters the force towards the asteroid by, e. g., an ion thruster, the net effect is that the asteroid is accelerated towards the spacecraft and thus slightly deflected from its orbit.

If every ion is a " spectator ion ", then there was no reaction, and the net ionic equation is null.

If an attempt is made to perform an S < sub > N </ sub > 1 reaction using a strongly basic nucleophile such as hydroxide or methoxide ion, the alkene will again be formed, this time via an E2 elimination.

If heavier particles are to be accelerated, ( e. g. uranium ions ), a specialized ion source is needed.

If L is the length of the lattice so that L >> a, then the number of ions in the lattice is so big, that when considering one ion, its surrounding is almost linear, and the wavefunction of the electron is unchanged.

If the electrochemical potential of the ion is more negative than that of the action potential threshold then the resultant conductance change that occurs due to GABA binding to its receptors keeps the postsynaptic potential more negative than the threshold and decreases the probability of the postsynaptic neuron completing an action potential.

If the secondary particles are ions, the effect is termed secondary ion emission.

If the catalyst is a moderate base such as hydroxide ion or an alkoxide, the aldol reaction occurs via nucleophilic attack by the resonance-stabilized enolate on the carbonyl group of another molecule.

If the ion pumps are turned off by removing their energy source, or by adding an inhibitor such as ouabain, the axon can still fire hundreds of thousands of action potentials before their amplitudes begin to decay significantly.

If the numbers of each type of ion were equal, the pump would be electrically neutral, but, because of the three-for-two exchange, it gives a net movement of one positive charge from intracellular to extracellular for each cycle, thereby contributing to a positive voltage difference.

If the driving force is high, then the ion is being " pushed " across the membrane hard ( more correctly stated: it is diffusing in one direction faster than the other ).

If the permeability is high, it will be easier for the ion to diffuse across the membrane.

If Franklin was an authentic genius, then Alexander Hamilton, with his exceptional precocity, consuming energy, and high ambition, was a political prodigy.

`` If I could only think of something at the studio, near me, to absorb his boundless energy '', I said.

If Af is the change per unit volume in Gibbs function caused by the shear field at constant P and T, and **yr is the density of the fluid, then the total potential energy of the system above the reference height is Af.

If such is the case, the particles within a distance of about Af of the Earth will have, relative to the Earth, a kinetic energy less than their potential energy and they will be captured into orbits about the Earth.

* If you want to be happy, set a goal that commands your thoughts, liberates your energy, and inspires your hopes.

If there are g ( E ) dE states with energy E to E + dE, then the Boltzmann distribution predicts a probability distribution for the energy:

If the pressure in a system remains constant ( isobaric ), a vapor at saturation temperature will begin to condense into its liquid phase as thermal energy ( heat ) is removed.

If rotation is arrested, the energy stored in fashioning the concave surface must be dissipated, for example through friction, before an equilibrium flat surface is restored.

If the universe is flat, there must be an additional component making up 73 % ( in addition to the 23 % dark matter and 4 % baryons ) of the energy density of the universe.

If there is one particular coordinate change that leads to a decrease in the total energy in both directions, the stationary point is a transition structure and the coordinate is the reaction coordinate.

If a reaction results in a small energy release making way for more energy releases in an expanding chain, then the system will typically collapse explosively until much or all of the stored energy has been released.

If the depletion layer is large enough to catch the whole shower or to stop a heavy particle, a fairly accurate measurement of the particle ’ s energy can be made, simply by measuring the charge conducted and without the complexity of a magnetic spectrometer, etc.

If there is a change in the potential energy of a system ; for example μ < sub > 1 </ sub >> μ < sub > 2 </ sub > ( μ is Chemical potential ) an energy flow will occur from S < sub > 1 </ sub > to S < sub > 2 </ sub >, because nature always prefers low energy and maximum entropy.

If the energetic material in these items inadvertently initiates, most of the energy and fragments will be contained within the storage structure or the item containers themselves.

If time, space, and energy are secondary features derived from a substrate below the Planck scale, then Einstein's hypothetical algebraic system might resolve the EPR paradox ( although Bell's theorem would still be valid ).

If FLARE provided the XM-291 gun project with the sufficient radiative heat to ignite the propellant to achieve a muzzle energy of 17 MJ one could only imagine the possibilities with a fully developed FLARE plasma igniter.

If there is insufficient kinetic energy, however, the group may evolve into a smaller number of galaxies through mergers.

If hammering downwards gravity will increase the acceleration during the hammer stroke and increase the energy delivered with each blow.

If hammering upwards gravity will reduce the acceleration during the hammer stroke and therefore reduce the energy delivered with each blow.

If the circumstances are faced frankly it is not reasonable to expect this to be true.

If his dancers are sometimes made to look as if they might be creatures from Mars, this is consistent with his intention of placing them in the orbit of another world, a world in which they are freed of their pedestrian identities.

If a work is divided into several large segments, a last-minute drawing of random numbers may determine the order of the segments for any particular performance.

If they avoid the use of the pungent, outlawed four-letter word it is because it is taboo ; ;

If Wilhelm Reich is the Moses who has led them out of the Egypt of sexual slavery, Dylan Thomas is the poet who offers them the Dionysian dialectic of justification for their indulgence in liquor, marijuana, sex, and jazz.

If he is the child of nothingness, if he is the predestined victim of an age of atomic wars, then he will consult only his own organic needs and go beyond good and evil.

If it is an honest feeling, then why should she not yield to it??

If he thus achieves a lyrical, dreamlike, drugged intensity, he pays the price for his indulgence by producing work -- Allen Ginsberg's `` Howl '' is a striking example of this tendency -- that is disoriented, Dionysian but without depth and without Apollonian control.

If love reflects the nature of man, as Ortega Y Gasset believes, if the person in love betrays decisively what he is by his behavior in love, then the writers of the beat generation are creating a new literary genre.

If he is good, he may not be legal ; ;

If the man on the sidewalk is surprised at this question, it has served as an exclamation.

If the existent form is to be retained new factors that reinforce it must be introduced into the situation.

If we remove ourselves for a moment from our time and our infatuation with mental disease, isn't there something absurd about a hero in a novel who is defeated by his infantile neurosis??

If many of the characters in contemporary novels appear to be the bloodless relations of characters in a case history it is because the novelist is often forgetful today that those things that we call character manifest themselves in surface behavior, that the ego is still the executive agency of personality, and that all we know of personality must be discerned through the ego.

If he is a traditionalist, he is an eclectic traditionalist.

If our sincerity is granted, and it is granted, the discrepancy can only be explained by the fact that we have come to believe hearsay and legend about ourselves in preference to an understanding gained by earnest self-examination.

If to be innocent is to be helpless, then I had been -- as are we all -- helpless at the start.