The powerful Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor was born at Nijmegen in 1165.

* July 31 – Emperor Nijō of Japan ( d. 1165 )

# 6r: Emperor Henry VI ( 1165 – 1197 )

* Emperor Nijō ( 1143 – 1165 ), 78th emperor of Japan

# Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor ( Nijmegen, November 1165 – Messina, 28 September 1197 ).

* September 29 – Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor ( b. 1165 )

* 1165 ( Eiman 1 ): The infant son of Emperor Nijō was named heir apparent ( and this Crown Prince will soon become Emperor Rokujō.

* Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor ( 1165 – 1197 ).

In 1164 and 1165, Béla followed the Emperor Manuel I on his campaigns against Hungary which aimed at the occupation of Béla's " paternal inheritance ", i. e., Croatia, Dalmatia and the Szerémség.

In order to gain more support from Emperor Frederick Barbarossa, Paschal canonized Charlemagne in 1165.

As the Lorrainian ducal dignity was contested by the mighty Counts of Leuven, landgraves of Brabant, Waleran's descendants confined themselves to a " duke of Limburg ", and reached the confirmation by Emperor Frederick Barbarossa in 1165.

# Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor ( b. Nijmegen, November 1165 – d. Messina, 28 September 1197 ).

Emperor Nijō ( 二条天皇 Nijō-tennō ) ( July 31, 1143 – September 5, 1165 ) was the 78th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession.

* Eiman 1 ( 1165 ): The infant son of Emperor Nijō was named heir apparent and therefore Crown Prince, and would soon after become Emperor Rokujō.

* Eiman 1, 27th – 28th day of the 7th month ( 1165 ): The former Emperor Nijō died at age 22.

The death of the antipope Victor IV saw Frederick give his support to a new antipope, Paschal III, but he was soon driven from Rome which once again saw the return of Pope Alexander III in 1165.

When the schism broke out, Louis VII took the part of the Pope Alexander III, the enemy of Frederick I, and after two comical failures of Frederick I to meet Louis VII at Saint Jean de Losne ( on 29 August and 22 September 1162 ), Louis VII definitely gave himself up to the cause of Alexander III, who lived at Sens from 1163 to 1165.

From the 11th century onwards Bergamo was an independent commune, taking part in the Lombard League which defeated Frederick I Barbarossa in 1165.

# Frederick II, Duke of Lorraine, c. 1165 – 1213

There was a dispute between Floris and the bishop of Utrecht about a new dam in the Rhine at Zwammerdam in 1165, which had to be settled by emperor Frederick.

Foligno recovered and continued to grow, ultimately gaining the status of free city in 1165 thanks to emperor Frederick Barbarossa.

On 12 March 1178 Alexander III returned to Rome, which he had been compelled to leave twice: the first time between 1162 and 23 November 1165, when he was sent into exile in Campania by Oddone Frangipane following his brief arrest and detainment, and again in 1167.

King Henry again invaded Gwynedd in 1165, but instead of taking the usual route along the northern coastal plain, the king's army invaded from Oswestry and took a route over the Berwyn hills.

The nave, which had burnt once, with great loss of life, burned again in 1165, after which it was rebuilt in its present form.

* Countship of Friesland ( West Frisia ), since 1165 under Imperial administration, was from 1165 to 1493 a joint condominium of the Count of Holland and the Prince-bishop of Utrecht, then again until 25 October 1555 under Imperial administration

It is however possible, that Fulco, the Bishop of Estonia mentioned in sources from 1165 and 1171, was the same as Folquinus, a legendary Bishop of Finland at the end of the 12th century, but this remains only a theory.

The Armenians at this time had acquired much of the land in today ’ s Armenian quarter and by 1165 had finished constructing St. James Cathedral which became the most important building of the quarter and remains so today.

Rhys made an alliance with Owain Gwynedd and after the failure of another invasion of Wales by Henry in 1165 was able to win back most of his lands.

Following William's return to Jerusalem in 1165, King Amalric I made him an ambassador to the Byzantine Empire.

A bird's-eye view of Canterbury Cathedral and its monastic buildings, made in about 1165 and known as the " waterworks plan " is preserved in the Eadwine Psalter in the library of Trinity College, Cambridge.

When Alexander returned to the papacy in 1165, he named Galdino cardinal of Santa Sabina, and the year later made him archbishop of Milan.

The first known to have used such a title was Owain Gwynedd, adopting the title Prince of the Welsh around 1165 after earlier using ' rex Waliae ' ( King of Wales ).

He is assumed to have been born between 1160 and 1165.

With his first wife, the Danish noble Benedicta Ebbesdatter ( Galen, apparently not Hvide as otherwise alleged, b. c. 1165 / 70, d. 1200 ), whom he married before 1190 when yet living in Denmark, Sverker had at least one well-attested daughter, Helena Sverkersdotter, as well as possibly further children, such as Karl ( who died in adolescence at the latest, if ever lived ; but his existence is from the record that he is alleged to have married a daughter of king Sverre of Norway ), and possibly even two other daughters ( if they existed, their names are given by reconstructive history research as Margaret and Kristina – however they may just have been Sverker's first wife's kinswomen ).

Benjamin set out on his journey from northeast Spain around 1165, in what may have begun as a pilgrimage to the Holy Land.

Walter seems to have been responsible for building the round tower on the motte for in 1165 it caught fire and a stone tumbling from the battlements killed Earl Roger's last surviving brother Mahel de Hereford.

But Izyaslav died in autumn 1165, and the church could not have been built before the winter.

The Pope had earlier in 1165 authorized the first missionary Bishop of Estonia to be appointed, and was a close acquaintance of both Eskil, the Archbishop of Lund, and Stefan, the Archbishop of Uppsala, who both had spent time with him in France where he had been exiled in the 1160s.

The area of Griesheim has been inhabited since around 4500 BCE but the town only appears in documentation for the first time in 1165.

As for Western sources, Benjamin of Tudela, the Jewish traveler who passed through Lebanon in or about 1165, was one of the first European writers to refer to the Druzes by name.

Ferdinand married Urraca around 1165, they had one son:

It is one of the oldest parks in the Australian Alps, being first established in 1898 when 1165 ha was reserved around Eurobin Falls.

Bohemond returned to Antioch in 1165, and married one of Manuel's nieces ; he was also convinced to install a Greek Orthodox patriarch in the city.

These later translations were quite inauthentic, and one even claimed to be published in Mecca in 1165 AH.

Levice is first mentioned as Leua, one of the villages belonging to the parish of St. Martin's Church in Bratka () in 1165.

However, the marriage – and thus one avenue of Capetian aggrandisement – failed: the couple produced only two daughters, and suffered marital discord ; driven to secure the future of the House, Louis thus divorced Aliénor ( who went on to marry Henry II of England ( 1133 – 1189 ), and be known to English history as Eleanor of Aquitaine ), and married twice more before finally securing a son, Philippe Dieu-donné (" The God-Given "), who would continue the House as Philip II Augustus ( 1165 – 1223 ), and break the power of the Angevins – the family of Aliénor and Henry II – in France.

He was a student of Rabbi Elazar Rokeiach ( 1165 – 1238 ) from Worms, Germany, who was one of the Chassidei Ashkenaz, a group of German pietists.

Rainald won the consent of the King of England to common ecclesiastico-political action in behalf of Paschal and once more took up arms in defence of his one ambition, which he hoped the proposed canonization of Charlemagne at Aachen in 1165 would advance.