Caspar ( or Kaspar ) Schwen ( c ) kfeld von Ossig ( 1489 or 1490 – 10 December 1561, Ulm ) was a German theologian, writer, and preacher who became a Protestant Reformer and spiritualist, one of the earliest promoters of the Protestant Reformation in Silesia.

In 1561 Tallinn politically became a dominion of Sweden.

In 1561, Martial de Loménie, secretary of state for finances under King Charles IX, became lord of Versailles.

After William's administration as Prince-bishop ended during the Livonian War, Riga became a Free City ( 1561 – 1581 ).

In 1553 Sir Nicholas Bacon married secondly Anne Cooke ( 1528 – 1610 ), one of the daughters of Sir Anthony Cooke, by whom he had two sons, Anthony ( 1558 – 1601 ) and Francis Bacon ( 1561 – 1626 ), who became Lord Chancellor and was also a philosopher, author and scientist.

He then became pastor of Stammheim ( same canton ) until 1561, when he retired to Zürich ( of which he had been made a burgher in 1548 ), where he lived in retirement till his death in 1576.

After the destruction of Thérouanne, Ypres became the seat of the new Diocese of Ypres in 1561, and Saint Martin's Church was elevated to cathedral status.

In 1561 it became part of the Polish – Lithuanian Commonwealth ( see: Duchy of Livonia ) and in 1566 became capital of the Inflanty Voivodeship, which existed until the First Partition of Poland.

In 1561 he became chaplain to Alexander Craik, bishop of Kildare and dean of St Patrick's in Dublin.

By March 1561, the city council of Reval surrendered to Sweden, and became the outpost for further Swedish conquests in the area.

At the coronation of Eric XIV in 1561, Swedish nobility became formally hereditary for the first time upon the creation of the higher titles of Count ( greve ) and Baron ( friherre ).

He died young in 1554, and having been attainted along with his father in August 1553, the title became extinct until it was revived in 1561 for his younger brother Ambrose, the third Earl.

The policy of repression which in this capacity he pursued during the next five years secured for him many tangible rewards: in 1560 he was elevated to the archepiscopal see of Mechelen, and in 1561 he became a cardinal ; but the growing hostility of a people whose religious convictions he had set himself to oppose ultimately made it impossible for him to continue in the Netherlands ; and on the advice of his royal master he retired to Franche-Comté in March 1564.

He was knighted at the accession of Elizabeth, and in 1561 became governor of Portsmouth, where he died on 15 February 1571.

After the Norman Conquest the manor, later known as Hendford, was granted to the Count of Eu and his tenant Hugh Maltravers, whose descendants became Earls of Arundel and held the lordship until 1561.

Despite their religious differences, Moray became the chief advisor to his Mary, Queen of Scots, in 1561 after her return from France.

* Francis Bacon, 1st Baron Verulam ( 1561 – 1626 ) ( became Viscount St Albans in 1621 )

In 1561 he became bankrupt, and he is said to have died in a debtors ' prison.

In 1561 he was appointed Chancellor of the Diocese of York and later became a canon and prebendary of York Minster.

Following the dissolution of the College its work was restored on a new pattern by Gabriel Goodman ( 1528 – 1601 ), a Ruthin man who became Dean of Westminster in 1561.

In 1561 Goldwell became superior of the Theatines at San Silvestro, their house in Rome.

Harpur was a merchant from Bedford who became Lord Mayor of London in 1561.

In another move, which would destroy Hispaniola's sugar industry, in 1561 Havana, more strategically located in relation to the Gulf Stream, was selected as the designated stopping point for the merchant flotas, which had a royal monopoly on commerce with the Americas.

After Sweden occupied Reval, Frederick II of Denmark made a treaty with Erik XIV of Sweden in August 1561.

In 1561, Motoyasu openly broke with the Imagawa and captured the fortress of Kaminojo.

* September 19 – Just weeks after arrival at Pensacola, the Spanish missionary colony is decimated by a hurricane that kills hundreds, sinks five ships, with a galleon, and grounds a caravel ; the 1, 000 survivors divide to relocate / resupply the settlement, but suffer famine & attacks, and abandon the effort in 1561.

Until 1561 the church had a central tower which either collapsed or was removed, and has been replaced with the current tower over the west door.

He was invited to Geneva in 1557, and to England again in 1561, but declined both invitations, maintaining, however, a constant correspondence with Bishop John Jewel and other English prelates and reformers until his death at Zürich on 12 November 1562.

" The ninetein Day of August 1561 Yeirs, betwene seven and eicht Hours Befoirnone, arryved Marie Quene of Scotland, then Wedo, with two Gallies furth of France ... Becaus the Palace of Halyrudehous was not throuchly put in Ordour ( for hir cumming was more suddane then many luiked for ), sche remained in Leyth, till towards the Evening, and then repaired thither ".

This process continued for three centuries, with formal procedures set out in 1561 to issue letters patent to any new industry, allowing monopolies.

The obverse shows a left-facing crowned bust of the queen with a rose behind her, surrounded by the legend, while the reverse shows shield over a long cross, dated 1561, surrounded by the legend.

There was also a fairly rare milled coinage threepence, produced between 1561 and 1564 with similar designs and inscriptions to the hammered coinage threepences.

On the June 13, 1592, Admiral Yi and Admiral Yi Eok-gi ( 이억기, 李億祺, 1561 – 1597 ), the commander of the Right Jeolla navy, set sail with 24 Panokseons, 15 small warships, and 46 boats ( i. e. fishing boats ), and arrived at the waters of the Gyeongsang Province by sunset.

* Richard Field ( 1561 – 1616 ) a theologian associated with the founding of the Anglican Church, was born in Hemel Hempstead.

He made the acquaintance of the leading antiquarians of his time, including William Camden, and in 1561 he published his first work, The woorkes of Geffrey Chaucer, newly printed with divers additions whiche were never in printe before.

Elizabeth, whose prudence and parsimony were averse to so formidable an undertaking as the complete subjugation of the powerful Irish chief, desired peace with him at almost any price ; especially when the devastation of his territory by Sussex brought him no nearer to submission, after Shane's dramatic destruction of much of Sussex's withdrawing army at the Battle of the Red Sagums, 18 July 1561.

The Croats, however, overwhelmed their ban with reproaches for neglecting them to fight for the Magyars, and the emperor simultaneously deprived him of the captaincy of Upper Croatia and sent 10, 000 men to aid the Croats, while the Magyars were left without any help, whereupon Zrinski resigned the banship ( 1561 ).

In September 1561, Uesugi Kenshin left his Kasugayama fortress with 18, 000 warriors, determined to destroy Takeda Shingen.

In April 1561 he allied himself with Francis, Duke of Guise, his former enemy, and Jacques d ' Albon, Marshal Saint-Andre to form the Triumvirate, an association for the defense of Catholicism.

To defend the Catholic cause, the Duke of Guise formed with his old enemy, the Constable de Montmorency and the Maréchal de Saint-André the so-called triumvirate ( April, 1561 ) at the head of the Catholic League, opposed to the policy of concessions which Catherine de ' Medici attempted to inaugurate in favour of the Protestants.

He comes to Greyfriars with the intention of disgracing Bunter, his uncle ’ s new adopted heir ( Magnets # 1561 to # 1572 ).

It was printed ( with the title and preface of the Invariata ) in Corpus Doctrinae Philippicum in 1559 ; it was expressly approved by the Lutheran princes at the Convention of Naumburg in 1561,

However, this is probably a myth, as Yakovlev, in cooperation with another master, Ivan ShirIai, designed the walls of the Kazan Kremlin and the Cathedral of the Annunciation in Kazan in 1561 and 1562, just after the completion of St.

sermone Latini facti ( 1561 ) initiated his fruitful collaboration with the renowned Plantin printing press at Antwerp, which permitted him to issue late-breaking discoveries in natural history and to ornament his texts with elaborate engravings.