During the Civil War, prior to the siege of Raglan Castle in 1645, King Charles I visited Abergavenny and presided in person over the trial of Sir Trefor Williams, 1st Baronet of Llangibby, a Royalist who changed sides, and other Parliamentarians.

This setback for Parliament in Cornwall, and the last major victory for the Royalists, was reversed by Sir Thomas Fairfax leading the New Model Army at or near Tresillian Bridge, close to Truro on 12 March 1645.

The city was again occupied briefly from 23 April to 18 May 1643 by Parliamentarians commanded by Sir William Waller but it was in 1645 that the city saw most action.

Portrait of the Artist with Nicholas Lanier and Sir Charles Cottrell by William Dobson, circa 1645.

* Sir William de Boreel, 1st Baronet, of Amsterdam, in the Netherlands ( 1645 )-the 8th Baronet also became Jonkheer in the Dutch nobility, extant

* Sir Joseph van Colster, 1st Baronet, of Amsterdam, in the Netherlands ( 1645 ), extinct 1665

Major-General Sir Thomas Morgan ( 1st Baronet 1604-79 ) served in the Commonwealth forces during English civil war from 1642-9, was Governor of Gloucester 1645, fought in Flanders, wounded, and in 1661 retired to his estate in Kynnersley, Herts.

On 14 June 1645, the main army of King Charles I was destroyed by the Parliamentarian New Model Army commanded by Sir Thomas Fairfax and Oliver Cromwell.

Sir Richard Baker ( 1568 – 18 February 1645 ) was the English author of the Chronicle of the Kings of England and other works.

Parliament commenced a new siege towards the end of January 1645 following more raiding, but this was relieved by Sir Marmaduke Langdale after about a month.

On 6 January 1645, the Committee of Both Kingdoms established the New Model Army, appointing Sir Thomas Fairfax as its Captain-General and Sir Philip Skippon as Sergeant-Major General of the Foot.

An observer, Sir Samuel Luke, who was one of the officers discharged from the Earl of Essex's Army, wrote on 9 June 1645 that the Army was " the bravest for bodies of men, horse and arms so far as the common soldiers as ever I saw in my life ".

:* Anne married Sir William Savile, 3rd baronet ( 1629 ) and then Thomas Chicheley of Wimpole ( 1645 )

In 1645, Sir John Owen was appointed governor of the castle instead, however, leading to a bitter dispute between the two men.

When the New Model Army formed in the beginning of 1645, Colonel Lambert was appointed to succeed Sir Thomas Fairfax in command of the northern forces, with the title of commissary-general.

The governor, Sir Philip Carteret, treated Prynne well, which he repaid by defending Carteret's character in 1645 when he was accused as a malignant and a tyrant.

He had himself prepared to besiege Taunton in March 1645, yet when in the next month he was desired by Prince Charles, who was at Bristol, to send reinforcements to Sir Richard Grenville for the siege of Taunton, he obeyed the order only with ill-humour.

In April 1645 he superseded Sir Richard Grenville, being made colonel-general of the counties of Devon and Cornwall, took Wellington House, near Taunton, by assault, and then proceeded to invest Taunton.

* Sir Richard Grosvenor, 1st Baronet ( 1584 – 1645 ) was a MP

Sir Sidney Godolphin, 1st Earl of Godolphin, KG, PC ( 15 June 1645 – 15 September 1712 ) was a leading English politician of the late 17th and early 18th centuries.

Two battles were fought in the town: in November 1643, Royalists caught the garrison unaware and carried away prisoners and booty ; in February 1645, Sir Marmaduke Langdale, commanding a Royalist force of 1, 500 men, inflicted severe losses on the Roundheads.

After the Civil War ended in 1645, several people in Gainsborough were fined for their Royalist sympathies, including Sir Willoughby Hickman at the Old Hall, who had been created the first Baron Gainsborough by Charles I in 1643.

Sir Edward Walker the Garter King of Arms ( from 1645 ) was even appointed, with the permission of Parliament, to act as the King's chief secretary at the negotiations at Newport.

The English commentator Thomas Hayne claimed that the prophecies of the Book of Daniel had all been fulfilled by the 1st century (‘ Christs Kingdom on Earth ’, 1645 ), and Joseph Hall expressed the same conclusion concerning Daniel ’ s prophecies (‘ The Revelation Unrevealed ’, 1650 ), but neither of them applied their preterist views to Revelation.

** Thomas Carew, English poet ( d. 1645 )

* January 31 – Thomas Grey, 2nd Earl of Stamford, English privy councilor ( b. c. 1645 )

** Thomas Nabbes, English dramatist ( d. c. 1645 )

He reluctantly placed them under arrest and put them in The Tower, executing Wentworth in 1641 ( for which Charles I never forgave himself since he was close to Thomas Wentworth ) and William Laud in 1645.

In England, those executed after the passing of attainders include George Plantagenet, 1st Duke of Clarence ( 1478 ), Thomas Cromwell ( 1540 ), Margaret Pole, Countess of Salisbury ( 1540 ), Catherine Howard ( 1542 ), Thomas Seymour, 1st Baron Seymour of Sudeley ( 1549 ), Thomas Howard ( 1572 ), Thomas Wentworth ( 1641 ), Archbishop of Canterbury, William Laud ( 1645 ), and the Duke of Monmouth.

* Thomas Hamilton, 3rd Earl of Haddington ( 1628 – 1645 )

The only surviving son Thomas was baptised at West Clandon, Surrey, on 30 June 1597, was knighted in 1645 by Charles I at Oxford, was alive in 1664, and was father of Thomas Sherley v., the physician.

Earl Shilton ’ s Richard Churchman was listed among the gentry who in 1645 " compounded " for their estates with the Parliamentary Sequestration Committee, along with Thomas Crofts, another royalist.

mid-17th century ) and his brother, Thomas Connellan ( c. 1640 / 1645 – 1698 ), composers ; Dominic Ó Mongain ( alive 18th century ); Donnchadh Ó Hámsaigh ( 1695 – 1807 ); poet and songwriter Eoghan Rua Ó Súilleabháin ( 1748 – 1782 ); Arthur O ' Neill ( fl.

In May 1645 the house was attacked again by the Parliamentarian forces, this time led by Sir Thomas Fairfax, but he was unsuccessful.

During the English Civil War, the castle still held sufficient significance for it to be captured in 1645 by Colonel Thomas Rainsborough, for the Parliamentarian side and after a siege which saw cannon being fired at point blank range from the adjacent church roof of Saint Mary the Virgin, the Royal garrison surrendered.

* Thomas Hamilton, 3rd Earl of Haddington ( 1626 – 1645 )

During the English Civil War in 1645 Tiverton Castle, held by the Royalists, was the scene of a relatively brief siege by Thomas Fairfax's Parliamentarian forces.

Fairfax was soon replaced by Sydnam Poyntz, and under this officer Lambert served in the Yorkshire campaign of 1645, receiving a wound before Pontefract.

Fairfax resigned his command on the passing of the Self-denying Ordinance, but remained a member of the Committee for the Government of Yorkshire and was appointed, on 24 July 1645, steward of the manor of Pontefract.

After the decisive defeat of the king, the army of Fairfax marched into the west and defeated Goring in a disastrous fight at Langport on July 10, 1645.

The palace was destroyed in 1645 by General Fairfax, and the ruins are owned by English Heritage.

A fort was built on Battery Point, and was used during the English Civil War when the town supported the Royalists, but surrendered to Fairfax in 1645.

On 1 May 1645, Fairfax, having been ordered to relieve Taunton, set out from Windsor for the long march to that place.

On 7 July 1645, demonstrating against the points of passage between Ilchester and Langport, Fairfax secretly occupied Yeovil.

In December 1645 a Parliamentarian detachment under the command of Sir Thomas Fairfax tried, without initial success, to capture it but it fell on 25 January 1646.

He was detached by Fairfax in May 1645 to relieve Taunton.

In August 1645 the governor of Pontefract, Sir Thomas Fairfax, appointed Overton deputy governor of Pontefract.

During the English Civil Wars ( 1642-51 ) Colonel Richard Prater, who held the castle until 1645, lost it to Fairfax, the commander of Cromwell's forces in the battle that took place at Nunney.

Cromwell's cavalry is known to have stabled in the hamlet on the nights of 8 – 9 September 1645 just before Fairfax ’ s final assault on Bristol on 10 September in which they played a critical role.

In 1645 he took the offensive against Lord Goring and the western Royalists, advanced to the relief of Taunton, and in the autumn cooperated effectively with Sir Thomas Fairfax and the New Model Army in the Langport campaign.