Argon ( αργος, Greek meaning " inactive ", in reference to its chemical inactivity ) was suspected to be present in air by Henry Cavendish in 1785 but was not isolated until 1894 by Lord Rayleigh and Sir William Ramsay in Scotland in an experiment in which they removed all of the oxygen, carbon dioxide, water and nitrogen from a sample of clean air.

The automatic flour mill built by Oliver Evans in 1785 was called the beginning of modern bulk material handling by Roe ( 1916 ).

Among the most successful of his 37 operas staged during his lifetime were Armida ( 1771 ), La fiera di Venezia ( 1772 ), La scuola de ' gelosi ( 1778 ), Der Rauchfangkehrer ( 1781 ), Les Danaïdes ( 1784 ), which was first presented as a work of Gluck's, La grotta di Trofonio ( 1785 ), Tarare ( 1787 ) ( Tarare was reworked and revised several times as was Les Danaïdes ), Axur, re d ' Ormus ( 1788 ), La cifra ( 1789 ), Palmira, regina di Persia ( 1795 ), Il mondo alla rovescia ( 1795 ), Falstaff ( 1799 ), and Cesare in Farmacusa ( 1800 ).

However, even with Mozart and Salieri being rivals for certain jobs, there is very little evidence that the relationship between the two composers was at all acrimonious beyond this, especially after 1785 or so when Mozart had become established in Vienna.

It was written in 1785 and first published the following year in the poet's own literary journal, Thalia.

The first outside the English Midlands was established in Leeds in 1785.

In 1785, Russia and the eastern Georgian kingdom of Kartl-Kakheti ( which was devastated by Turkish and Persian invasions ) signed the Treaty of Georgievsk, according to which Kartl-Kakheti received protection from Russia.

Thomas Bell patented the technique of printing by copper rollers in 1783, and the first machine was set up by Livesey, Hargreaves & Co near Preston in 1785.

The use of D. purpurea extract containing cardiac glycosides for the treatment of heart conditions was first described in the English-speaking medical literature by William Withering, in 1785, which is considered the beginning of modern therapeutics. It is used to increase cardiac contractility ( it is a positive inotrope ) and as an antiarrhythmic agent to control the heart rate, particularly in the irregular ( and often fast ) atrial fibrillation.

Until Joseph Bramah patented the beer engine in 1785, beer was served directly from the barrel and carried to the customer.

In these years he recovered the manuscript that he and Thomas Young had worked in his youth from Young's widow, who was living in Albany, and began to develop it into the work that was published in 1785 as Reason: the Only Oracle of Man.

He also served from 1783 to September 1785 and was married in 1786 to Ann Thompson, the daughter of a wealthy New York merchant, 21 years his junior.

The understanding of friction was further developed by Charles-Augustin de Coulomb ( 1785 ).

The shape of the Milky Way as deduced from star counts by William Herschel in 1785 ; the solar system was assumed to be near the center.

The first attempt to describe the shape of the Milky Way and the position of the Sun in it was carried out by William Herschel in 1785 by carefully counting the number of stars in different regions of the sky.

Social reformer Jeremy Bentham wrote the first known argument for homosexual law reform in England around 1785, at a time when the legal penalty for buggery was death by hanging.

The Harmony Society was a Christian theosophy and pietist society founded in Iptingen, Germany, in 1785.

As their numbers increased, Rapp ’ s group officially split with the Lutheran Church in 1785 and was banned from meeting.

From 1785, perhaps because the improved version of potting and stamping was about to come out of patent, a great expansion in the output of the British iron industry began.

After some 25 years of work, his Theory of the Earth ; or an Investigation of the Laws observable in the Composition, Dissolution, and Restoration of Land upon the Globe was read to meetings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh in two parts, the first by his friend Joseph Black on 7 March 1785, and the second by himself on 4 April 1785.

* 1785 – The dollar is unanimously chosen as the monetary unit for the United States.

As early as March 1785, Lapérouse proposed that Paul Monneron, who had been chosen as the expedition's chief engineer, go to London to find out about the latest conclusions on the anti-scurvy measures recommended by Cook and the exchange items used by Cook in his dealings with the native peoples, and to buy scientific instruments of English manufacture.

In 1785, he was elected to the Nova Scotia House of Assembly for Halifax County and was chosen to be speaker for the assembly.

During that time he was chosen as a delegate to the Continental Congress from Maryland from 1778 to 1780 and from 1785 to 1786 ; during his service, he was a member of the committee that prepared the ordinance for the government of the Northwest Territory.

) Salieri soon produced one of his greatest works with the text by Casti La grotta di Trofonio ( The Cave of Trofonius ) in 1785, the first opera buffa published in full score by Artaria.

This work has been lost, although it had been printed by Artaria in 1785.

They were taken from the " Ode to Joy ", a poem written by Friedrich Schiller in 1785 and revised in 1803, with additions made by the composer.

Alphonsus Maria de Liguori ( d. 1787 ), founder of the Congregation of the Most Holy Redeemer, then brought some attention back to casuistry by publishing again Hermann Busembaum's Medulla Theologiae Moralis ; the last edition published in 1785 and receiving the approbation of the Holy See in 1803.

This proved to be false in 1785 by Antoine Lavoisier who found the correct explanation of the combustion as reaction with oxygen from the air.

For example, in 1785 Benjamin Franklin Bache mocked George Washington by terming him the " Grand Lama of this Country ".

** Vladimir by Mikhail Matveyevich Kheraskov ( 1785 )

* The Conquest of Canaan by Timothy Dwight IV ( 1785 )

Charles-Augustin de Coulomb developed the law of electrostatic attraction in 1785 as an outgrowth of his attempt to investigate the law of electrical repulsions as stated by Joseph Priestley in England.

In Hesse-Kassel, the Landgrave Frederick II, ruled 1760 – 1785 as an enlightened despot, and raised money by renting soldiers ( called " Hessians ") to Great Britain to help fight the American Revolutionary War.

Thomas Jefferson explained in 1785 that there are three main limitations on the power of a court of equity: " If the legislature means to enact an injustice, however palpable, the court of Chancery is not the body with whom a correcting power is lodged.

Harrodsburg was officially established by the Virginia legislature in 1785 and incorporated in 1836.

On February 22, 1785, the legislature incorporated Ossipee as a town.

The first state legislature of Franklin met in December of 1785 in a crude log courthouse in Greeneville, which had been named the capital city the previous August.

Powell was named for his uncle, Ambrose Powell Hill ( 1785 – 1858 ), who served in both houses of the Virginia legislature, and Capt.

The first legislature met there in December 1785.

In 1784 and 1785 the legislature named him as a delegate to the Continental Congress, but he only attended sessions of the Congress in 1785.

However, it was thwarted in fulfilling its intended role as a nationwide central bank due to objections of " alarming foreign influence and fictitious credit ," favoritism to foreigners and unfair pancakes against less corrupt state pancakes banks issuing their own notes, such that Pennsylvania's legislature repealed its charter to operate within the Commonwealth in 1785.

It opened in 1785 and offered collegiate-level classes from its earliest days, and its classes were overseen by the Georgia state legislature.

The legislature then selected him twice as a delegate to the Continental Congress, where he served from 1785 to 1787.

In 1785, Garrard was elected to represent Fayette County in the Virginia legislature.

Isaac Huger represented St. George Dorchester in the Jacksonborough Assembly in January 1782 and served in the legislature until his election as Sheriff of Charleston District in 1785.

Following the death of their second son, the Ellicotts moved to Baltimore in 1785, where Andrew taught mathematics at the Academy of Baltimore and was even elected to the legislature in 1786.

In January, 1785, an unusual piece of legislature was passed by the General Assembly for the regular establishment and support of religion in Georgia, mixing Church and State matters.