Argon ( αργος, Greek meaning " inactive ", in reference to its chemical inactivity ) was suspected to be present in air by Henry Cavendish in 1785 but was not isolated until 1894 by Lord Rayleigh and Sir William Ramsay in Scotland in an experiment in which they removed all of the oxygen, carbon dioxide, water and nitrogen from a sample of clean air.

The automatic flour mill built by Oliver Evans in 1785 was called the beginning of modern bulk material handling by Roe ( 1916 ).

Among the most successful of his 37 operas staged during his lifetime were Armida ( 1771 ), La fiera di Venezia ( 1772 ), La scuola de ' gelosi ( 1778 ), Der Rauchfangkehrer ( 1781 ), Les Danaïdes ( 1784 ), which was first presented as a work of Gluck's, La grotta di Trofonio ( 1785 ), Tarare ( 1787 ) ( Tarare was reworked and revised several times as was Les Danaïdes ), Axur, re d ' Ormus ( 1788 ), La cifra ( 1789 ), Palmira, regina di Persia ( 1795 ), Il mondo alla rovescia ( 1795 ), Falstaff ( 1799 ), and Cesare in Farmacusa ( 1800 ).

However, even with Mozart and Salieri being rivals for certain jobs, there is very little evidence that the relationship between the two composers was at all acrimonious beyond this, especially after 1785 or so when Mozart had become established in Vienna.

It was written in 1785 and first published the following year in the poet's own literary journal, Thalia.

The first outside the English Midlands was established in Leeds in 1785.

In 1785, Russia and the eastern Georgian kingdom of Kartl-Kakheti ( which was devastated by Turkish and Persian invasions ) signed the Treaty of Georgievsk, according to which Kartl-Kakheti received protection from Russia.

Thomas Bell patented the technique of printing by copper rollers in 1783, and the first machine was set up by Livesey, Hargreaves & Co near Preston in 1785.

The use of D. purpurea extract containing cardiac glycosides for the treatment of heart conditions was first described in the English-speaking medical literature by William Withering, in 1785, which is considered the beginning of modern therapeutics. It is used to increase cardiac contractility ( it is a positive inotrope ) and as an antiarrhythmic agent to control the heart rate, particularly in the irregular ( and often fast ) atrial fibrillation.

Until Joseph Bramah patented the beer engine in 1785, beer was served directly from the barrel and carried to the customer.

In these years he recovered the manuscript that he and Thomas Young had worked in his youth from Young's widow, who was living in Albany, and began to develop it into the work that was published in 1785 as Reason: the Only Oracle of Man.

He also served from 1783 to September 1785 and was married in 1786 to Ann Thompson, the daughter of a wealthy New York merchant, 21 years his junior.

The understanding of friction was further developed by Charles-Augustin de Coulomb ( 1785 ).

The shape of the Milky Way as deduced from star counts by William Herschel in 1785 ; the solar system was assumed to be near the center.

The first attempt to describe the shape of the Milky Way and the position of the Sun in it was carried out by William Herschel in 1785 by carefully counting the number of stars in different regions of the sky.

Social reformer Jeremy Bentham wrote the first known argument for homosexual law reform in England around 1785, at a time when the legal penalty for buggery was death by hanging.

The Harmony Society was a Christian theosophy and pietist society founded in Iptingen, Germany, in 1785.

As their numbers increased, Rapp ’ s group officially split with the Lutheran Church in 1785 and was banned from meeting.

From 1785, perhaps because the improved version of potting and stamping was about to come out of patent, a great expansion in the output of the British iron industry began.

After some 25 years of work, his Theory of the Earth ; or an Investigation of the Laws observable in the Composition, Dissolution, and Restoration of Land upon the Globe was read to meetings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh in two parts, the first by his friend Joseph Black on 7 March 1785, and the second by himself on 4 April 1785.

In 1785 he was elected a Fellow of the very prestigious Royal Society and also published his Account of the Foxglove ( see below ).

He was elected twice to the New York State Assembly ( 1784 – 1785, 1798 – 1799 ),< ref name =" collectushouserep ">

In 1785 he was elected as Lieutenant Governor for Connecticut, serving with Governor Matthew Griswold.

He studied law at Trinity College, Dublin, where he became active in the debating club, the College Historical Society, and was elected Auditor in 1785.

Later, he made himself useful in quasi-diplomatic communications with English statesmen, and was pensioned and also elected a member of the Académie française in 1785.

In 1785, he was elected to the Nova Scotia House of Assembly for Halifax County and was chosen to be speaker for the assembly.

In 1785, he was elected to the Académie française.

He was continuously elected to the Massachusetts House of Representatives for each year from 1779 through 1785.

In 1766 he was elected to the Governor's Council of the Connecticut General Assembly, where he served until 1785.

King was first elected to the Massachusetts state assembly in 1783, and returned there each year until 1785.

In spite of the cession debacle, Blount was elected to the Continental Congress for the 1785 session.

* Keir was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of London on 8 December 1785.

In 1785, following Hancock's resignation, he was elected governor.

After serving in the Massachusetts militia during the American Revolutionary War, Varnum helped to destroy the Shays insurrection before he was elected to the Massachusetts House of Representatives ( 1780 – 1785 ) and then the Massachusetts State Senate ( 1786 – 1795 ).

Wyatt was elected to the Royal Academy in 1785, and took an active part in the politics of the Academy.

Langdon was elected to two terms as President of New Hampshire, 1785 – 86 and 1788 – 89.

He served on the Committee of Safety, and after active warfare slowed, under the new government he was elected to the New York Assembly for 1781 – 1785 and 1787.

The General Assembly elected Spaight a delegate to the Continental Congress between 1782 and 1785 ; he then served in the North Carolina House of Commons from 1785 to 1787, and was named Speaker of the House.

In 1782, the General Assembly elected him North Carolina Governor ; he served until 1785.

In 1781, he obtained the rich priory of Lyons, near Pronne ; and in 1785 he was elected to the Académie française as Lefranc de Pompignan's successor.

In 1785, he was elected to the Confederation Congress by the Maryland General Assembly, but his numerous public and private duties prevented him from traveling to Philadelphia.

Then in 1785 he was elected to the Continental Congress.

Soon after, he was elected to Pennsylvania House of Representatives in 1785, 1786, 1789, 1790, 1792, 1793, 1801, and 1802.