Although he did not make known his intention when creating the plates, art historians view them as a visual protest against the violence of the 1808 Dos de Mayo Uprising, the subsequent Peninsular War of 1808 – 14 and the setbacks to the liberal cause following the restoration of the Bourbon monarchy in 1814.

After or just before the dissolution, the Electors of Bavaria, Württemberg, Saxony, and Hanover each took the title of king of his former electorate ( in the case of Hanover after regaining his lands following Napoleon's defeat in 1814 ) while the King of Prussia extended his royal title to cover his erstwhile Electorate of Brandenburg as well as the lands he held as king outside the imperial border.

On September 3, 1814, following the Burning of Washington and the Raid on Alexandria, Francis Scott Key and John Stuart Skinner set sail from Baltimore aboard the ship HMS Minden, flying a flag of truce on a mission approved by President James Madison.

It was taken from Austria by the Treaty of Pressburg in 1805 and became part of Napoleon's Kingdom of Italy, but was returned to Austria following Napoleon's defeat in 1814, when it became part of the Austrian-held Kingdom of Lombardy-Venetia.

File: The President's House by George Munger, 1814-1815-Crop. jpg | The White House as it looked following the conflagration of August 24, 1814

Partly destroyed by natural disasters and rebuilt several times during the following 200 years, and hit by Caragea's plague in 1813 – 1814, the city was wrested from Ottoman control and occupied at several intervals by the Habsburg Monarchy ( 1716, 1737, 1789 ) and Imperial Russia ( three times between 1768 and 1806 ).

The French equivalent ( the Restoration ), or the European Restoration, are also used as umbrella terms for such restorations following the fall of Napoleon in 1814, such as:

During the British occupation, in 1814, the leprosarium was once again opened after renovations, and following Enosis in 1864 the leprosarium again saw occasional use.

It regained the Bernese Oberland in 1802, and following the Congress of Vienna of 1814 newly acquired the Bernese Jura, once again becoming the largest canton of the confederacy as it stood during the Restoration, and further until the secession of the canton of Jura in 1979.

Seized by the spirit of revolution following the American and French Revolutions, as well as bridling as a result of the forced separation from Denmark and subordination to Sweden subsequent to the Napoleonic wars, Norwegians signed their first constitution in 1814.

The Bourbon Restoration is the name given to the period following the successive events of the French Revolution ( 1789 – 1799 ), the end of the First Republic ( 1792 – 1804 ), and then the forcible end of the First French Empire under Napoleon ( 1804 – 1814 / 1815 ) – when a coalition of European powers restored by arms the monarchy to the heirs of the House of Bourbon, who once again became possessors of the Kingdom of France.

When the two kingdoms of Denmark and Norway were separated by the Treaty of Kiel in 1814 following the Napoleonic Wars, Denmark kept Iceland as a dependency.

The continental blockade following shortly after ( 1806 – 1814 ) increased the research into developing chestnuts as a source of sugar, but Napoleon chose beets instead.

Peace was finally proclaimed with France in 1814, following Napoleon's defeat and consequent abdication.

* William Wordsworth, in the " Prospectus " ( written between 1798 and 1800 ) to The Excursion ( published 1814 ), composed the following lines:

By the Treaty of Paris of 1814 following the first defeat and abdication of Napoleon, France had to surrender almost all its conquests since 1792.

He had gained popularity when he defeated the Creek at the Battle of Horseshoe Bend in 1814, following victories in the War of 1812.

A sawmill was constructed in Howland in 1814, with a gristmill constructed the following year.

Tyrol remained divided under Bavarian and Italian authority for another four years, before its reunification and return to Austria following the decisions at the Congress of Vienna in 1814.

In 1815, he left again for England after the island of Java was returned to control of the Netherlands following the Napoleonic Wars, under the terms of the Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1814, but not before he was officially replaced by John Fendall on account of the poor financial performance of the colony during his administration, as deemed by the successors of Lord Minto in Calcutta.

The Treaty of Paris, signed on 30 May 1814, ended the war between France and the Sixth Coalition, part of the Napoleonic Wars, following an armistice signed on 23 May between Charles, Count of Artois, and the allies.

The distraught d ’ Holbach moved to the provinces for a brief period with his friend Baron Grimm and in the following year received a special dispensation from the Pope to marry his deceased wife's sister, Charlotte-Suzanne d ’ Aine ( 1733 – 1814 ).

In 1814 he became the British Ambassador to Portugal, returning the following year.

As wages did not similarly increase many agricultural labourers were plunged into poverty and following peace in 1814, the Tory government of Lord Liverpool passed the Corn Laws to keep the price of grain artificially high.

Rhoshirwaun Common, following strong opposition, was enclosed in 1814 ; while the process was not completed in Aberdaron, Llanfaelrhys and Y Rhiw until 1861.

* was a 17-gun schooner in service from 1814 to 1825

Austen almost never refers to specific dates or historical events in her novels, but wartime England forms part of the general backdrop to several of them: in Pride and Prejudice ( 1813, but possibly written during the 1790s ), the local militia ( civilian volunteers ) has been called up for home defence and its officers play an important role in the plot ; in Mansfield Park ( 1814 ), Fanny Price's brother William is a midshipman ( officer in training ) in the Royal Navy ; and in Persuasion ( 1818 ), Frederic Wentworth and several other characters are naval officers recently returned from service.

He was discharged from service on March 27, 1814.

He further voted for the abrogation of the law of 1814 forbidding work on Sundays and fast days, for compulsory service of one year for seminarists and for the re-establishment of divorce.

By the time of the downfall of the French Empire in 1814 the battalions in Dutch service had disappeared, but Waldeck now supplied three Infantry and one Jäger Companies to the newly formed German Confederation.

** Essex Junior, was a British whaler captured by Essex and put into service until recaptured in 1814

His eldest son, Richard, married Marie Louise Pelline, the only daughter and heiress of Emeric Joseph Wolfgang Heribert, 1st Duc de Dalberg, a naturalised French noble of ancient German lineage who had entered the French service under Napoleon and represented Louis XVIII at the Congress of Vienna in 1814.

On the break-up of the division the officers presented Picton with a valuable service of plate, and on 24 June 1814 he received for the seventh time the thanks of the House of Commons for his great services.

When in 1814 he re-entered the public service, it was only as First Commissioner of Woods and Forests, but his influence was from this time very great in the commercial and financial legislation of the country.

After courageous service in Spain against Napoleon's forces from 1809 to 1814, during the Peninsular War, he went on to serve in various parts of Britain as a Captain.

After service in the Polish army since 1790 and the army of the Duchy of Warsaw from 1809 to 1814 he entered the ranks of the army of Congress Poland, became full general in 1828 and was awarded a Polish title of nobility.

ISBN 3-7759-0205-8 .</ ref > The Conseil d ’ Etat ( state council, i. e. government of Neuchâtel ) addressed him in May 1814 requesting the permission to establish a special battalion, a Bataillon de Chasseurs, for the service of his majesty.

* was a Conway-class 26-gun sixth-rate launched in 1814, used for harbour service from 1832, and broken up in 1852.

In reward for his distinguished service, Gneisenau in 1814 — along with Yorck, Kleist and Bülow — was elevated to count, while at the same time Blücher became Prince of Wahlstatt.

She was on harbour service from 1814 and was broken up in 1835.

Ferry service linking Manhattan and Brooklyn launched in 1814, and Brooklyn's population exploded from 4, 000 to nearly 100, 000 by 1850.

He was seriously wounded in the left side of his neck at the Battle of Orthes, on 27 February 1814 and had just returned to service when given command of an expeditionary force to the United States.

At the close of the war Harry Smith volunteered for service in the United States, where he was present at the Battle of Bladensburg on 24 August 1814, and witnessed the burning of the capitol at Washington ; which, as he said, " horrified us coming fresh from the Duke's humane warfare in the south of France.

Sir Thomas Graves KCB ( c. 1747 – 29 March 1814 ) was an officer of the Royal Navy who rose to the rank of admiral after service in the Seven Years ' War, the American War of Independence, and the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars.

* There was a Boxer that on 8 April 1814 participated in boat service that resulted in the destruction of 27 vessels and a quantity of stores up the Connecticut River and for which the Royal Navy issued a clasp to the Naval General Service Medal.

She was formerly the American Tigress, captured in 1814 and listed in service until 1832.

In February 1814, the mail service was experiencing some problems again.

During his service in the Lützow Free Corps in 1813 and 1814 – when he was involved in two campaigns against Napoleon – Fröbel befriended Wilhelm Middendorf, a theologian and fellow pedagogue, and Heinrich Langethal, also a pedagogue.

His first service was from October 8, 1811 to February 11, 1814, when he resigned to accept appointment as the United States Secretary of the Treasury.