At the age of 17 he became an apprentice machinist at the shop of Walcott & Harris in Valley Falls, Rhode Island, and following two or three other jobs in quick succession after graduation, he went into business for himself in 1831, making lathes and small tools.

In 1831 he became a member of the 90th Regiment of the Tennessee militia.

After his expulsion became official in January 1831, he attempted to start a private class in advanced algebra which attracted some interest, but this waned, as it seemed that his political activism had priority.

They had two children, Lady Emily Elizabeth Bulwer-Lytton ( 1828 – 1848 ), and ( Edward ) Robert Lytton Bulwer-Lytton, 1st Earl of Lytton ( 1831 – 1891 ) who became Governor-General and Viceroy of British India ( 1876 – 1880 ).

In 1831 Bulwer-Lytton became the editor of the New Monthly but he resigned the following year.

" " After the middle-class Revolution of 1830, Bastiat became politically active and was elected justice of the peace of Mugron in 1831 and to the Council General ( county-level assembly ) of Landes in 1832.

With Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel ( 1770 – 1831 ) in philosophy, Friedrich Schleiermacher ( 1768 – 1834 ) in theology and Leopold von Ranke ( 1795 – 1886 ) in history, the University of Berlin, founded in 1810, became the world's leading university.

In 1831, he became an absentee cotton planter, sending slaves to clear plantation land that his father had left him near Somerville, Tennessee.

Marx became interested in, but critical of, the work of the German philosopher G. W. F Hegel ( 1770 – 1831 ), whose ideas were widely debated amongst European philosophical circles at the time.

It was not called that until 8 July 1831, but the area outside the Potsdam Gate began to develop in the early 19th century as a district of quiet villas, for as Berlin became even more congested, many of its richer citizens moved outside the customs wall and built spacious new homes around the trading post, along the newly developing boulevards, and around the southern edge of the Tiergarten.

Additionally, John Quincy Adams, elected President as a Democratic-Republican, later became a National Republican and then a Whig after he was elected to the House of Representatives in 1831.

He came to Helsinki in 1831 and became a member of the circle of young nationalist men surrounding Johan Ludvig Runeberg, in whose home he stayed for some time.

In 1831 Mazzini travelled to Tuscany, where he became a member of the Carbonari, a secret association with political purposes.

In 1831 he went to Marseille, where he became a popular figure to the other Italian exiles.

A phrase that became popular after the publication in 1831 of a paper by Mantell entitled " The Age of Reptiles " that summarised the evidence that there had been an extended geological era when giant reptiles has swarmed the land, air, and sea.

* Socrate Polara ( 1800 – 1860 ) ( Italy ), founded the first dedicated ophthalmology clinic in Sicily in 1829 entirely as a philanthropic endeavor ; later appointed as the first director of the ophthalmology department at the Grand Hospital of Palermo, Sicily ( Italy ) in 1831 after the Sicilian government became convinced of the importance of state support for the specialization.

He was elected on 4 June and accepted and became " King of the Belgians " on 26 June 1831.

In 1831 the Choctaw were the first to be removed, and they became the model for all other removals.

In 1831, the " Mamaluke " sword became a regulation pattern for British general officers ( and is still in use today ).

However, he quickly grew bored of that post, and became the district attorney for the eastern district of Pennsylvania in 1829, a position his father had held from 1801 to 1814, and continued in that role until 1831.

File: Tazewell County Illinois 1830. png | Tazewell County between 1830 and 1831: the additional territory to the east became McLean County.

File: Tazewell County Illinois 1831. png | Tazewell County between 1831 and 1841: the last of the county's additional territory became part of LaSalle County.

Through a contact made while working at Windsor, he became interested in the design of theatre scenery, and in 1831 obtained a commission to design the sets for the production of a new opera called Kenilworth at Covent Garden.

After Te Rauparaha's sack of the large pa ( fortified settlement ) at Kaiapoi near modern Christchurch in 1831, refugees came south and gained permission to settle at Kakaunui ( Kakanui ), and the territory between Pukeuri and Waianakarua, including the site of urban Oamaru, became their domain.

In 1831 he was elected member for St Ives in Cornwall, after which he was returned for Lincoln in 1832, and sat in Parliament for that city for nine years.

Seward was an as an Anti-Masonic member of the New York State Senate ( 7th D .) from 1831 to 1834, sitting in the 54th, 55th, 56th and 57th New York State Legislatures.

* Samuel M. Stephenson ( 1831 – 1907 ), member of United States House of Representatives from Michigan

B. Cummings ( 1831 – 1909 ), member of the United States Congress who represented Iowa's 7th congressional district.

In 1831 Heinrich Ewald was promoted to professor ordinarius in philosophy ; in 1833 he became a member of the Royal Scientific Society, and in 1835, after Tychsen's death, he entered the faculty of theology, taking the chair of Oriental languages.

Sir James was elected as a member of Glasgow Town Council in 1831 and stood as a Conservative candidate for the Glasgow constituency in the 1837 and 1841 general elections, before being appointed to serve as the Lord Provost of Glasgow from 1840 to 1843.

Having worked first as a mason and then as a compositor, he joined P. Dubois in the foundation of Le Globe which became in 1831 the official organ of the Saint-Simonian community, of which he became a prominent member.

In 1831 he was a member of Madame Vestris's company, and wrote his first play, a burlesque.

On the return of the Whigs to power in 1830 he became Lord Advocate, and entered parliament at a by-election in January 1831 as member for the Perth burghs.

Mezzofanti held this post until he left Bologna to go to Rome in 1831 as a member of the Congregation for the Propagation of the Faith ( Congregatio de Propaganda Fide ), the Catholic Church's governing body for missionary activities.

In 1812 he was appointed secretary to the Royal Society of Sciences at Göttingen, in 1816 was appointed physician to the royal family in Hanover () by the prince regent, in 1821 was made a knight-commander of the Guelphic Order, and in 1831 was elected a member of the Academy of Sciences at Paris.

; David Lipscomb: David Lipscomb ( 1831 – 1917 ) was a minister, author and member in the American Restoration Movement.

He was again a member of the New York Assembly from 1831 to 1833 and moved to Albany, New York in 1837.

He first entered parliament in the Whig interest as member for Newark ( 1831 – 1832 and 1835 – 1841 ), afterwards representing Worcester ( 1841 – 1846 ).

In 1831, he was elected a foreign member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.

Henry Howard Molyneux Herbert, 4th Earl of Carnarvon, PC, DL, FSA, FRS ( 24 June 1831 – 29 June 1890 ), known as Lord Porchester from 1833 to 1849, was a British politician and a leading member of the Conservative Party.

†: 1553 creation was with remainder to his heirs male whatsoever, so theoretically succeeded by his sixth cousin once removed ; thus the 1831 revival was to the 9th member of the family with respect to said creation.

Prince Christian of Schleswig-Holstein ( Frederick Christian Charles Augustus ; 22 January 1831 – 28 October 1917 ) was a minor German prince who became a member of the British Royal Family through his marriage to Princess Helena of the United Kingdom ( 25 May 1846 – 9 June 1923 ), the fifth child and third daughter of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha.

He was elected an honorary member of the French Societe Asiatique ( 1831 ), the Russian Imperial Academy of Sciences ( 1837 ) and the Danish Royal Antiquarian Society ( 1838 ).

He joined the National Political Union in 1831 ; he was a member of the Cobden Club, 1872.

He was a member of the North Carolina State House of Commons ( 1831 and 1834 – 1836 ), serving as speaker the last year.

* John Edwards ( American Civil War sailor ) ( 1831 – 1902 ), member of U. S. Navy who was awarded Medal of Honor during the Civil War