The use of the term was first attributed to Danish philosopher Søren Kierkegaard ( 1813 – 1855 ).

* 1855 – The first ascent of Monte Rosa, the second highest summit in the Alps.

Included among the latter are the area's five premier cru ( first growth ) red wines ( four from Médoc and one, Château Haut-Brion, from Graves ), established by the Bordeaux Wine Official Classification of 1855:

* Infante Carlos of Spain, Count of Molina ( 1788 – 1855 ), first Carlist pretender to the throne of Spain ( as Charles V )

* 2011 – For the first time in more than 100 years the Umatilla, an American Indian tribe, were able to hunt and harvest a bison just outside Yellowstone National Park, restoring a centuries-old tradition guaranteed by a treaty signed in 1855.

In 1855, physiologist Adolf Fick first reported his now-well-known laws governing the transport of mass through diffusive means.

This was the first of 11 winters from 1855 through 1865 known as the " bonanza period ", during which gray whaling along the coast of Baja California reached its peak.

The area evolved primarily after 1855, when it became the final stop of the first railway line of New South Wales.

* 1855 – A locomotive, on the Panama Railway, runs from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean for the first time.

* 1855 – In Brooklyn, New York, the first edition of Walt Whitman's book of poems, titled Leaves of Grass, is published.

* 1855 – The first bridge over the Mississippi River opens in what is now Minneapolis, Minnesota, a crossing made today by the Father Louis Hennepin Bridge.

He was promoted to first lieutenant in 1855.

It was first recorded in Italy around Venice under the synonym Bordò in 1855.

Her first exposure to French artists Ingres, Delacroix, Corot, and Courbet was likely at the Paris World ’ s Fair of 1855.

* 1855 – David Livingstone becomes the first European to see the Victoria Falls in what is now present-day Zambia-Zimbabwe.

These reforms included guarantees to ensure the Ottoman subjects perfect security for their lives, honour, and property ; the introduction of the first Ottoman paper banknotes ( 1840 ) and opening of the first post offices ( 1840 ); the reorganization of the finance system according to the French model ( 1840 ); the reorganization of the Civil and Criminal Code according to the French model ( 1840 ); the establishment of the Meclis-i Maarif-i Umumiye ( 1841 ) which was the prototype of the First Ottoman Parliament ( 1876 ); the reorganization of the army and a regular method of recruiting, levying the army, and fixing the duration of military service ( 1843 – 44 ); the adoption of an Ottoman national anthem and Ottoman national flag ( 1844 ); the first nationwide Ottoman census in 1844 ( only male citizens were counted ); the first national identity cards ( officially named the Mecidiye identity papers, or informally kafa kağıdı ( head paper ) documents, 1844 ); the institution of a Council of Public Instruction ( 1845 ) and the Ministry of Education ( Mekatib-i Umumiye Nezareti, 1847, which later became the Maarif Nezareti, 1857 ); the abolition of slavery and slave trade ( 1847 ); the establishment of the first modern universities ( darülfünun, 1848 ), academies ( 1848 ) and teacher schools ( darülmuallimin, 1848 ); establishment of the Ministry of Healthcare ( Tıbbiye Nezareti, 1850 ); the Commerce and Trade Code ( 1850 ); establishment of the Academy of Sciences ( Encümen-i Daniş, 1851 ); establishment of the Şirket-i Hayriye which operated the first steam-powered commuter ferries ( 1851 ); the first European style courts ( Meclis-i Ahkam-ı Adliye, 1853 ) and supreme judiciary council ( Meclis-i Ali-yi Tanzimat, 1853 ); establishment of the modern Municipality of Istanbul ( Şehremaneti, 1854 ) and the City Planning Council ( İntizam-ı Şehir Komisyonu, 1855 ); the abolition of the capitation ( Jizya ) tax on non-Muslims, with a regular method of establishing and collecting taxes ( 1856 ); non-Muslims were allowed to become soldiers ( 1856 ); various provisions for the better administration of the public service and advancement of commerce ; the establishment of the first telegraph networks ( 1847 – 1855 ) and railroads ( 1856 ); the replacement of guilds with factories ; the establishment of the Ottoman Central Bank ( originally established as the Bank-ı Osmanî in 1856, and later reorganized as the Bank-ı Osmanî-i Şahane in 1863 ) and the Ottoman Stock Exchange ( Dersaadet Tahvilat Borsası, established in 1866 ); the Land Code ( Arazi Kanunnamesi, 1857 ); permission for private sector publishers and printing firms with the Serbesti-i Kürşad Nizamnamesi ( 1857 ); establishment of the School of Economical and Political Sciences ( Mekteb-i Mülkiye, 1859 ); the Press and Journalism Regulation Code ( Matbuat Nizamnamesi, 1864 ); among others.

Leopold's public career began in 1855, when he became a member of the Belgian Senate.

The public who were flocking to Offenbach's theatre in the summer and autumn of 1855 could not be expected to venture there in the depths of a Parisian winter.

Almost any organization posing any conceivable danger to public order in the broadest sense is forbidden by the still extant Wet vereniging en vergadering (" Law of association and assembly ") of 1855, but this law only very rarely leads to an official disbandment of an organization as a legal entity under the civil code.

* John Mercer Langston ( 1829 – 1899 ), abolitionist, activist, educator and politician-in 1855 first black person in Ohio elected to public office, first dean of Howard University law school, first president of Virginia State University, in 1888 first black person to be elected to the United States Congress from Virginia.

* William Paterson University, established in 1855, is a public university located in Wayne.

Hachette published magazines dedicated to public entertainment ( Le Journal pour Tous Newspaper, 1855 ), and also took part in publishing the Dictionnaire de la Langue française ( Dictionary of the French Language ) with his friend Littré beginning in 1863.

The Knettle's house became a favorite stop for travelers between 1855 and 1860 and is the location of the first public religious service in the community.

* 1853: the first lodge in America of the ancient Welsh fraternal order of Ivorites was opened in Carbondale in the fall of 1853 ; the first public Ivorite celebration in America took place in Carbondale in August 1855, when a procession and other public exercises took place, under the direction of Thomas Voyle, Esquire, chief marshal, and Edward Roberts, Esquire.

On 4 January 1880, a special concert in Prague marked the 50th anniversary of his first public performance ; Smetana attended, and played his Piano Trio in G minor from 1855.

In 1855 he refused from Lord Palmerston an office not connected with foreign affairs, was elected lord rector of Aberdeen university, and on June 15 moved a resolution in the House of Commons ( defeated by a large majority ) declaring that in public appointments merit had been sacrificed to private influence and an adherence to routine.

Between 1830 and 1855, more than 350 tracheotomies were performed in Paris, most of them at the Hôpital des Enfants Malades, a public hospital, with an overall survival rate of only 20 – 25 %.

At the National Women's Right's Convention in Cincinnati, October 1855, Stone spoke for the right of each person to establish for herself which sphere, domestic or public, she should be active in.

In 1855 he became minister of agriculture, commerce and public works, and in 1856 senator.

The fair was suppressed in 1855 by the City authorities for encouraging debauchery and public disorder.

) In July 1855 The Times hinted that the public had been misled over " the real nature of services in the East " but, in the absence of anything definitive, his popularity remained.

At all times conspicuous for his eloquence, honesty and recalcitrancy, he twice came with especial prominence before the public — in 1838, when, although at the time without a seat in parliament, he appeared at the bar of the Commons to protest, in the name of the Canadian Assembly, against the suspension of the Canadian constitution ; and in 1855, when, having overthrown Lord Aberdeen's ministry by carrying a resolution for the appointment of a committee of inquiry into the mismanagement in the Crimean War, he presided over its proceedings.

In 1855, Iowa became the first public university in the United States to admit men and women on an equal basis.

In 1855, free love advocate Mary Gove Nichols ( 1810 – 1884 ) described marriage as the " annihilation of woman ," explaining that women were considered to be men's property in law and public sentiment, making it possible for tyrannical men to deprive their wives of all freedom.

* 1855 in art-Gustave Courbet exhibits his paintings including the monumental The Artist's Studio in a tent alongside the official Paris Salon, creating both public outrage and artistic admiration.

He had retired from the Hutt seat ( on 15 September 1855 ), and he retired from all political activity and made no more public appearances.

His name was brought back to public notice by the English poet Robert Browning's 1855 poem " A Toccata of Galuppi's ", but this did not restore the composer's work to the general repertoire.

He graduated from Harvard University in 1855, subsequently studying engineering and chemistry, and taking the degree of bachelor of science at the Lawrence scientific school of the same institution in 1857 ; and in 1859 became an assistant in the United States Coast Survey.

He built the Windlesham House School at Brighton in 1844, and conducted the school until his death there in 1855.

Before leaving school, towards the end of 1855, he became assistant to the painter and professor Louis ( Lodewijk ) Jan de Taeye, whose courses in history and historical costume he had greatly enjoyed at the Academy.

In 1850, the Kalamazoo Literary Institute name was restored and in 1855 the school finally received an educational charter from the State of Michigan, establishing explicit recognition of the school as a college.

In 1855 Semper became a professor of architecture at the new school and the success of many of his students who attained success and renown served to ensure his international fame.

Later, in 1855, it was chartered as a state normal school.

Established as Cave City School District in 1855, this school joined with the Banner District in 1946 to become the El Dorado Union Elementary School District.

The museum features a funeral practices exhibit, a military history room, an art gallery, a Civil War Display with an 1855 slave collar and a Civil War era regimental flag, a school room, and an archives room for genealogists as well as a gift shop.

* 1855 – 1900 in Sociala huset, since 2005, a teachers school.

A school was established in 1855 by Adlard Gautreaux for the children in the area.

This was rural school district # 2 organized in Washington County in 1855.

Many prominent graduates attended the school including President Millard Filmore, William Brookfield, the founder of the Bushwick GlassWorks and William E. Leffingwell ( 1855 – 1927 ), State Assemblyman and founder of the Glen Springs Sanitarium.

The second school house was built in 1855, and was a two-story frame, with rooms for two departments.

In 1855, the community built its first school, Live Oak Academy, with a professor Gibson as the first teacher, followed by John Edgar.

Emile Verhaeren (; 21 May 1855 – 27 November 1916 ) was a Belgian poet who wrote in the French language, and one of the chief founders of the school of Symbolism.

The College of New Jersey was established on February 9, 1855 by an act of the New Jersey Legislature mandating the creation of a state normal school, making the New Jersey State Normal School the first teacher training institution in New Jersey and the ninth in the United States.

In 1841 he was elected headmaster of King Edward's school, Bury St Edmunds, but, " spectacularly unsuccessful ", in 1855 he resigned his post and returned to Cambridge, where his time was divided between literary work and private tuition.

Greenville College was founded in 1855 as an all-female Baptist school, Almira College, which was begun by the Rev.

The Michigan Constitution of 1850 called for the creation of an " agricultural school ", though it was not until February 12, 1855, that Michigan Governor Kinsley S. Bingham signed a bill establishing the United States ' first agriculture college, the Agricultural College of the State of Michigan.

In 1855, he went to boarding school at Massingham House on Haverstock Hill in the district of Hampstead.

Sumner lost the case, but the Massachusetts legislature abolished school segregation in 1855.