Important events in this time included the inauguration of a railway line connecting the town with Manresa and Lleida in 1860, reconstruction of the walls after a flood in 1874, and the granting of the title of city by King Alfonso XII in 1884.

A second bridge was opened in 1860, and was destroyed by the record flood of 1867.

After a devastating flood in 1853, Pescara was liberated by Giuseppe Garibaldi's collaborator Clemente De Caesaris in 1860.

He was one of the commissioners appointed to build the state capitol 1874 ; in 1867 appointed clerk of Westchester County, but resigned after a short service ; made immigration commissioner by New York Legislature in 1870, but declined to serve ; member of boundary commission of the state of New York in 1875 ; had also been commissioner of quarantine and president of Court of Claims of New York City and commissioner of taxes and assessments for the city and county of New York ; defeated for Lieutenant Governor of New York on the Liberal Republican-Democratic ticket in 1872 ; candidate for U. S. Senator from New York in 1881, but withdrew after the 41st ballot ; declined nomination as a senator in 1885 ; but elected to the U. S. Senate in 1899, and re-elected in 1905, and served from March 4, 1899, to March 4, 1911 ; stumped the state of New York for John C. Frémont in 1856 and for Abraham Lincoln in 1860 ; delegate-at-large to Republican National conventions 1888-1904 and delegate to all following conventions, including 1928, being elected the day before he died ; made the nomination speeches for Harrison in 1892, Governor Morton in 1896, and Fairbanks in 1904 ; at the convention in 1888 received ninety-nine votes for the presidential nomination, and in 1892 declined an appointment as Secretary of State in Harrison's cabinet ; Adjutant of the 18th Regiment, New York National Guard, which served in the American Civil War, and later Colonel and Judge Advocate of the 5th Division, on the staff of Major General James W. Husted of the New York Guard, trustee of Peekskill Military Academy ; president of New York State Society of the Sons of the American Revolution, of the Pilgrims Society from 1918 until his death, of the St. Nicholas Society, and of the Union League for seven years ( member since 1868 and elected honorary life member at the close of his presidency ); an officer of the French Légion d ' honneur ; vice president of New York Chamber of Commerce 1904-08 ( member since 1885 ).

After 1860, Irish immigration continued, with another 1, 916, 547 arriving by 1900, mainly due to family reunification, mostly to the industrial town and cities where Irish American neighborhoods had previously been established.

* An immigration station from 1860 until the 1892 opening of Ellis Island.

Dr. Joseph Oleskiw or Jósef Olesków (, September 28, 1860 – October 18, 1903 ) was a Ukrainian professor who promoted Ukrainian immigration to the Canadian prairies.

Outland was born in Hesper, Kansas to Thomas Outland and Mahala Outland ( née Kemp ) into a Quaker family who settled in Kansas from Indiana around 1860 during the Bleeding Kansas period as part of a larger Quaker immigration to Kansas in support of the Free state cause.

The genre was also a heavy influence on more mainstream writers, such as Charles Dickens, who read Gothic novels as a teenager and incorporated their gloomy atmosphere and melodrama into his own works, shifting them to a more modern period and an urban setting, including Oliver Twist ( 1837-8 ), Bleak House ( 1854 ) ( Mighall 2003 ) and Great Expectations ( 1860 – 61 ).

Azam also translated Braid's last manuscript ( On Hypnotism, 1860 ) into French.

In 1860, this would boil back into full scale sectarian war, when the Maronites began openly opposing the power of the Ottoman Empire.

In July 1860, with European intervention threatening, the Turkish government tried to quiet the strife, but Napoleon III of France sent 7, 000 troops to Beirut and helped impose a partition: The Druze control of the territory was recognized as the fact on the ground, and the Maronites were forced into an enclave, arrangements ratified by the Concert of Europe in 1861.

" In 1860, this species, taken on incidental catches of other fishes, was killed and dumped back in the lake, piled up on shore to dry and be burned, fed to pigs, or dug into the earth as fertilizer.

Over the next 50 years many Mormons entered into plural marriages as a religious duty, with the number of plural marriages reaching a peak around 1860, and then declining through the rest of the century.

In addition the philosopher Schopenhauer ( 1788 – 1860 ) ( The World as Will and Idea, 1819 ) called into question the previous optimism, and his ideas had an important influence on later thinkers, including Nietzsche.

Quills went into decline after the invention of the metal pen, which was first patented in America in 1810 and then mass produced by 1860, although mass production began in Great Britain as early as 1822 by John Mitchell of Birmingham.

Huxley wanted science to be secular, without religious interference, and his article in the April 1860 Westminster Review promoted scientific naturalism over natural theology, praising Darwin for " extending the domination of Science over regions of thought into which she has, as yet, hardly penetrated " and coining the term " Darwinism " as part of his efforts to secularise and professionalise science.

In the second edition of January 1860, Darwin quoted Kingsley as " a celebrated cleric ", and added the phrase " by the Creator " to the closing sentence, which from then on read " life, with its several powers, having been originally breathed by the Creator into a few forms or into one ".

In 1860, these issues broke the Democratic Party into Northern and Southern factions, and a new Constitutional Union Party appeared.

The Turkish Bath, finished in a rectangular format in 1859, was revised in 1860 before being turned into a tondo.

* Church of Sant ' Agostino, built by the Augustinians in 1341 as Santa Maria del Popolo, and enlarged by Luigi Vanvitelli in the 18th century and turned into a palace after 1860.

His dispatches to the Times were collected into three volumes ( A Journey in the Seaboard Slave States ( 1856 ), A Journey Through Texas ( 1857 ), A Journey in the Back Country in the Winter of 1853-4 ( 1860 )) which remain vivid first-person social documents of the pre-war South.

In 1860 Rimini and Romagna were incorporated into the Kingdom of Italy.

Thereafter it shared the fate of the Kingdom of Naples — including the period of Spanish rule of which the 16th-century castle of Charles V, overlooking modern Crotone, serves as a reminder — and its successor, the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, which was conquered by the Kingdom of Sardinia in 1860 and incorporated into the new Kingdom of Italy in 1861.

It is the game responsible for introducing the joker into modern packs ; this was invented around 1860 to act as a top trump or best bower ( from the German word Bauer, " farmer ", denoting also the jack ).

No mention of Euchre is made in the treatise by Samuel Weller Singer, entitled Researches into the History of Playing Cards, 4to., London, 1816 ; nor in any of the English editions of Hoyle's Games ; nor in Captain Crawley's Handy Book of Games for Gentlemen, 12mo., London, 1860.

However, fatefully, one of the " dahlgrens " exploded on being tested in 1860, causing Navy regulations to require the use of much lower levels of powder until 1864, well into the Civil War.

R. Porter Putnam, bought out Goodhue in 1860, turning the station into a popular stopping place and hotel called Porter Station.

The Church of the Nazarene ( built around 1860 as a Presbyterian church and purchased for use as a Nazarene church in 1929 ) and the Methodist Church ( built in 1863-4 ) were both disbanded due to low attendance in the 1990s and have since been turned into homes.

Once Brooklyn Township, the township split in 1860 with the southeastern village incorporating into Brooklyn Center and Crystal.

German settlers from Schumansville moved into the area in 1860 and formed a settlement.

Born in Portland, Maine, Reed attended public school, including Portland High School, before graduating from Bowdoin College in 1860.

Lieutenant Charles “ Savez ” Read may have been " anchor man " ( graduated last ) in the class of 1860, but his later service to the Confederate States Navy included defending New Orleans, service on CSS Arkansas and CSS Florida, and command of a series of captured Union ships that culminated in seizing the US Revenue Cutter Caleb Cushing in Portland, Maine.

Hampden Cottle, a logger from Maine, and several other families settled there in 1860 and eventually established a town.

As early as 1860, Anthony Trollope, writing about his experiences in Maine under the state's prohibition law, stated, " This law ( prohibition ), like all sumptuary laws, must fail.

It is located on the Old Canada Road ( U. S. Route 201 ), which between 1820 until 1860 served as the primary link between Lower Canada and Maine.

* Samuel E. Smith ( 1788 – 1860 ), American politician ; Governor of Maine, 1831 – 1834

Stevens took his friend Morrill's advice, left the ministry and became a newspaper editor and publisher before becoming a Maine delegate to the 1860 Republican National Convention.

He was a delegate to the Republican National Convention in 1856 and 1868 and a member of the Maine House of Representatives in 1860 and 1868, as well as prosecuting attorney for Androscoggin County in 1861 and 1862.

The 1860 National Convention of the Republican Party of the United States, held in Chicago, Illinois at the Wigwam, nominated former Representative Abraham Lincoln of Illinois for President and Senator Hannibal Hamlin of Maine for Vice President.

The last substantiated report has led to an estimated extinction date of around 1860, although a specimen was reported as sold to a fur-buyer in Maine in 1880.

By 1860, the Hartford brothers returned to Augusta, Maine where John was listed in the census as a merchant and George as a box maker.

Born in Biddeford, Maine, in 1860 he partnered with Francis Pratt to organize the Pratt & Whitney company to manufacture machine tools, tools for the makers of sewing machines, and gun making machinery for use by the Union Army during the American Civil War.

Sewall was born in Bath, Sagadahoc County, Maine, on January 3, 1860.

Hannibal Hamlin Garland was born on a farm near West Salem, Wisconsin, on September 14, 1860, the second of four children of Richard Garlin of Maine and Charlotte Isabelle McClintock.