Confederate Constitution, 1861

When the North enthusiastically rallied behind the national flag after the Confederate attack on Fort Sumter on April 12, 1861, Lincoln concentrated on the military and political dimensions of the war effort.

On April 12, 1861, Confederate forces fired on Union troops at Fort Sumter, forcing them to surrender, and began the war.

On August 6, 1861, Lincoln signed the Confiscation Act that authorized judiciary proceedings to confiscate and free slaves who were used to support the Confederate war effort.

He participated in their trek across the southwestern deserts to Texas, crossing the Colorado River into the Confederate Territory of Arizona on July 4, 1861.

In the summer of 1861, Davis appointed several generals to defend Confederate lines from the Mississippi River east to the Allegheny Mountains.

The American Civil War ( 1861 – 1865 ), in the United States often referred to as simply the Civil War and sometimes called the " War Between the States ", was a civil war fought over the secession of the Confederate States.

After a Republican victory, but before the new administration took office on March 4, 1861, seven cotton states declared their secession and joined to form the Confederate States of America.

Hostilities began on April 12, 1861, when Confederate forces fired on a U. S. military installation at Fort Sumter in South Carolina.

* 1861 – American Civil War: The war begins with Confederate forces firing on Fort Sumter, in the harbor of Charleston, South Carolina.

He aimed the cannon that fired the first return shot in answer to the Confederate bombardment on April 12, 1861.

* 1861 – American Civil War: Fort Sumter surrenders to Confederate forces.

* 1861 – American Civil War: Battle of Wilson's Creek – the war enters Missouri when a band of raw Confederate troops defeat Union forces in the southwestern part of the state.

* 1861 – American Civil War: The Trent Affair: Confederate diplomatic envoys James M. Mason and John Slidell are freed by the United States government, thus heading off a possible war between the United States and United Kingdom.

* 1861 – American Civil War: the Confederate States of America accept a rival state government's pronouncement that declares Kentucky to be the 13th state of the Confederacy.

During the American Civil War ( 1861 – 1865 ), the Union feared that the seceded Confederate States of America ( CSA ) would plan a northerly attack from Canada, which was still owned by the British Empire and remained neutral in the war.

In the context leading up to the American Civil War ( 1861 – 65 ), on master-slave relationships was one of the Bible verses used by Confederate slaveholders in support of a slaveholding position.

* 1861 – Jefferson Davis is notified by telegraph that he has been chosen as provisional President of the Confederate States of America.

* 1861 – American Civil War: In Montgomery, Alabama, delegates from six break-away U. S. states meet and form the Confederate States of America.

* 1861 – American Civil War: Jefferson Davis is elected the Provisional President of the Confederate States of America by the Confederate convention at Montgomery, Alabama.

* 1861 – In Montgomery, Alabama, Jefferson Davis is inaugurated as the provisional President of the Confederate States of America.

The American Civil War ( 1861 – 1865 ) was marked by fraud on all levels, both in the Union north and the Confederate south.

* 1861 – American Civil War: Battle of Philippi ( also called the Philippi Races ) – Union forces rout Confederate troops in Barbour County, Virginia, now West Virginia, in first land battle of the War.

* 1861 – American Civil War, Battle of Fairfax Court House ( June 1861 ), first land battle of American Civil War after Battle of Fort Sumter, first Confederate combat casualty.

Abraham Lincoln ( February 12, 1809 – April 15, 1865 ) was the 16th President of the United States, serving from March 1861 until his assassination in April 1865.

* 1861 – Edith Roosevelt, American wife of Theodore Roosevelt, 27th First Lady of the United States ( d. 1948 )

Johnson continued to ingratiate himself with the North, the President-elect and his party, with his Unionist speeches in the Senate in early 1861: " I have an abiding confidence in the intelligence, the patriotism, and the integrity of the people, and I feel in my own heart that, if this subject could be got before them, they would settle the question and the Union of these States would be preserved.

* 1861 – American Civil War: in order to help pay for the war effort, the United States government levies the first income tax as part of the Revenue Act of 1861 ( 3 % of all incomes over US $ 800 ; rescinded in 1872 ).

* 1861 – The United States Army abolishes flogging.

* 1861 – American Civil War: Robert E. Lee resigns his commission in the United States Army in order to command the forces of the state of Virginia.

* 1861 – American Civil War: Baltimore riot of 1861: a pro-Secession mob in Baltimore, Maryland, attacks United States Army troops marching through the city.

* 1861 – President of the United States Abraham Lincoln suspends the writ of habeas corpus.

From there it spread to the United States, arriving at Yale University in 1861, and then to the United Kingdom in 1921.

* 1861 – American Civil War: Texas secedes from the United States.

* Woodson, C. G., The Education of the Negro Prior to 1861: A History of the Education of the Colored People of the United States from the Beginning of Slavery to the Civil War.

* 1861 – American Civil War: United States House of Representatives unanimously passes a resolution guaranteeing noninterference with slavery in any state.

* Connelly, Thomas L. Army of the Heartland: The Army of Tennessee 1861 – 1862.

Doubleday was promoted to major on May 14, 1861, and commanded the Artillery Department in the Shenandoah Valley from June to August, and then the artillery for Maj. Gen. Nathaniel Banks's division of the Army of the Potomac.

* 1861 – American Civil War: The Union Army arrives in Washington, D. C.

In several stages between 1816 and 1861, the 21 existing Light Dragoon regiments in the British Army were disbanded or converted to lancers or hussars.

Numerous other new agencies also targeted the medical and morale needs of soldiers, including the United States Christian Commission as well as smaller private agencies such as the Women's Central Association of Relief for Sick and Wounded in the Army ( WCAR ) founded in 1861 by Henry Whitney Bellows, and Dorothea Dix.

* 1861 – American Civil War: George B. McClellan assumes command of the Army of the Potomac following a disastrous Union defeat at the First Battle of Bull Run.

" On January 23, 1861, Pettus made Davis a major general of the Army of Mississippi.

Stuart was promoted to captain on April 22, 1861, but resigned from the U. S. Army on May 3, 1861, to join the Confederate States Army, following the secession of Virginia.

Stuart was commissioned as a lieutenant colonel of Virginia Infantry in the Confederate Army on May 10, 1861.

Her grandfather, Russell Crawford Mitchell, of Atlanta, enlisted in the Confederate States Army in July 1861, and was later severely wounded at the Battle of Sharpsburg.

* 1861 – American Civil War: US President Abraham Lincoln appoints George B. McClellan as the commander of the Union Army, replacing General Winfield Scott.

* 1861 – American Civil War: Citing failing health, Union General Winfield Scott resigns as Commander of the United States Army.

When Virginia declared its secession from the Union in April 1861, Lee chose to follow his home state, despite his personal desire for the Union to stay intact and despite the fact that President Abraham Lincoln had offered Lee command of the Union Army.

In 1861, a company of male students and faculty members enlisted in the Army to fight in the American Civil War.

Civil unrest in 1861 was suppressed by the Imperial Russian Army.

In the summer of 1861 he was finally commissioned a Lt. Colonel in the Union Army and given command of the 42nd Ohio Volunteer Infantry.

A few years later, in 1861 the US Army killed some of Cochise ’ s relatives near Apache Pass, in what became known as the Bascom Affair.