The Pacific Railway Acts of 1862 and 1864 granted federal support for the construction of the United States ' First Transcontinental Railroad, which was completed in 1869.

He was stationed in San Francisco from 1869 through 1871 and he took out a patent for the cable car railway that still runs there, receiving a charter for its operation, but signing away his rights when he was reassigned.

Alfred William Lawson ( March 24, 1869 – November 29, 1954 ) was a professional baseball player, manager and league promoter from 1887 through 1916 and went on to play a pioneering role in the US aircraft industry, publishing two early aviation trade journals.

Andrew Johnson ( December 29, 1808 July 31, 1875 ) was the 17th President of the United States ( 1865 – 1869 ).

One of Johnson's last significant acts as President was to grant unconditional amnesty to all Confederates on Christmas Day 1868, after the election of Ulysses S. Grant but before he took office in March 1869.

Ambros was professor of the history of music at Prague from 1869 to 1871.

The construction work began in November 1869 and the mosque was finished in 1871.

The term " outback " was first used in print in 1869, when the writer clearly meant west of Wagga Wagga, New South Wales.

Another group of animals discovered subsequently, whose filtering mechanism looked similar, was also included in " Bryozoa " until 1869, when the two groups were noted to be very different internally.

Many notable sea canals were completed in this period, starting with the Suez Canal ( 1869 )-which carries tonnage many times that of most other canals-and the Kiel Canal ( 1897 ), though the Panama Canal was not opened until 1914.

From 1869 to 1872, he was employed as an Assistant in Harvard's astronomical observatory, doing important work on determining the brightness of stars and the shape of the Milky Way.

The great edition, of which the text and apparatus appeared in 1869 and 1872, was called by himself editio viii ; but this number is raised to twenty or twenty-one, if mere reprints from stereotype plates and the minor editions of his great critical texts are included ; posthumous prints bring the total to forty-one.

It was on the Cheddar Valley line, a railway line that was opened in 1869 and closed in 1963.

During the 1869 season, Cleveland was among several cities which established professional baseball teams following the success of the 1869 Cincinnati Red Stockings, the first fully professional team.

An 1869 game of intercollegiate " football " between Rutgers and Princeton is often cited as the first intercollegiate American football game, however it was an unfamiliar ancestor of today's college football, as it was played under 6-year-old soccer-style Association rules.

The game played between teams from Rutgers University and Princeton University, which was called the College of New Jersey at the time, took place on November 6, 1869 at College Field, which is now the site of the College Avenue Gymnasium at Rutgers University in New Brunswick, New Jersey.

First modern census in the area of today's Slovakia was taken in 1869.

In 1869, German physicist Johann Hittorf was first to realize that something must be travelling in straight lines from the cathode to cast the shadows.

By comparison, the former colony of the United Province of Canada ( divided into the District of Canada East, and the District of Canada West ) and the western provinces were dozens of times larger and in some cases were expanded to take in territory formerly held in British Crown grants to companies such as the Hudson's Bay Company ; in particular the November 19, 1869 sale of Rupert's Land to the Government of Canada under the Rupert's Land Act 1868 was facilitated in part by Maritime taxpayers.

The final blow was the Suez Canal, opened in 1869, which provided a great shortcut for steamships between Europe and Asia, but was difficult for sailing ships to use.

In 1869 the tsar awarded him the style of " von " Tischendorf as a Russian noble.

He was awarded the requisite habilitation for his thesis, also on number theory, which he presented in 1869 upon his appointment at Halle.

In 1869, the first college students were admitted, and the first bachelor's degrees were awarded in 1873.

President Ulysses S. Grant awarded Michelson a special appointment to the U. S. Naval Academy in 1869.

He was awarded the Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society in 1869, and on the resignation of Sir Thomas Maclear in 1870 he was appointed Her Majesty's astronomer at the Cape of Good Hope.

A patent on ball bearings, reportedly the first, was awarded to Jules Suriray, a Parisian bicycle mechanic, on 3 August 1869.

In 1869 for the first time prizes were awarded at the Society's Shows for Herd Book Stock Cattle.

Hans Spemann ( 27 June 1869 – 9 September 1941 ) was a German embryologist who was awarded a Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1935 for his discovery of the effect now known as embryonic induction, an influence, exercised by various parts of the embryo, that directs the development of groups of cells into particular tissues and organs.

He was widely criticised in England, and accused of usurping the prerogative of Queen Victoria, but she eventually ratified his action and the New Zealand Cross, introduced on 10 March 1869, continued to be awarded through to 1881.

* Daniel Bakeman ( 1759 – 1869 ) — Claimed to be veteran and was awarded pension by Congress, though could not prove service.

He was awarded the Order of St. Vladimir, 2nd degree ( in 1868 ), the Order of the White Eagle ( in 1869 ) and the Order of St. Alexander Nevsky ( in 1872 ).

On April 1, 1869 he went, along with his son Syed Mahmood, to England, where he was awarded the Order of the Star of India from the British government on August 6.

In 1869 she was awarded the Victoria Medal of the Royal Geographical Society.

In England he was one of the pioneers in petrography ; he was awarded the Wollaston medal by the Geological Society of London in 1869, and became its President.

John Hutton Bisdee VC, OBE ( 28 September 1869 – 14 January 1930 ) was an Australian recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.

He was awarded the Bronze Medal of the Royal Humane Society for saving the lives of three girls from drowning at Broadstairs on 29 June 1869.

Duncan Gordon Boyes VC ( 5 November 1846 – 26 January 1869 ) was an English recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.

Major General Hamilton Lyster Reed VC, CB, CMG, ( 23 May 1869 – 7 March 1931 ) was an Irish recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.

William Reynolds VC ( 1827 – 20 October 1869 ) was a Scottish recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.

Major Charles Herbert Mullins VC CMG ( 28 June 1869 – 24 May 1916 ) was a South African recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.

Major George Murray Rolland VC ( 12 May 1869 – 9 July 1910 ) was a recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.

In 1869 he founded the chair and museum of dermatology in the Royal College of Surgeons, of which he was chosen president in 1881, and which just before his death awarded him its honorary gold medal, which had been founded in 1800 and only awarded on six previous occasions.

* Oberst ( later Gen-Maj ) Hans Rttr von Hemmer of Bavaria ( 1869 – 1931 ); awarded 3rd Class with swords, 15 MAY 1915 ; previously awarded the 4th Class, pre-World War I