In 1874, Mackenzie negotiated a new free trade agreement with the United States, eliminating the high protective tariffs on Canadian goods in US markets.

The first British railway to build coaches with bogies, instead of rigidly mounted axles, was the Midland Railway in 1874.

The main legislative framework for the Building Society was the Building Society Act of 1874, with subsequent amending legislation in 1894, 1939 ( see Coney Hall ), and 1960.

In 1874, the five-bit Baudot telegraph code and a matching 5-key chord keyboard was designed to be used with the operator forming the codes manually.

In 1874, it was extended by the British physicists James Clerk Maxwell and William Thomson with a set of electromagnetic units.

First synthesized in 1874, DDT's insecticidal properties were not discovered until 1939, and it was used with great success in the second half of World War II to control malaria and typhus among civilians and troops.

* Spanish foreign minister Juan Valera's Pepita Jimenez ( 1874 ) is writing in three sections, with the first and third being a series of letters, while the middle part is a narration by an unknown observer.

His son with Emma, Oliver Madox Brown ( 1855 – 1874 ) showed promise both as an artist and poet, but died of blood poisoning.

Gilbert worked with Frederic Clay on Happy Arcadia ( 1872 ) and with Alfred Cellier on Topsyturveydom ( 1874 ), and wrote The Wicked World ( 1873 ) Sweethearts ( 1874 ) and several other libretti, farces, extravaganzas, fairy comedies, dramas and adaptations.

Between 1846 and 1874, an estimated 8, 000 gray whales were killed by American and European whalemen, with over half having been killed in the Magdalena Bay complex ( Estero Santo Domingo, Magdalena Bay itself, and Almejas Bay ) and by shore whalemen in California and Baja California.

A defining incident of young Wells's life was an accident in 1874 that left him bedridden with a broken leg.

They exhibited together — albeit with shifting membership — eight times between 1874 and 1886.

By 1874, the Louvre Palace had achieved its present form of an almost rectangular structure with the Sully Wing to the east containing the square Cour Carrée and the oldest parts of the Louvre ; and two wings which wrap the Cour Napoléon, the Richelieu Wing to the north and the Denon Wing, which borders the Seine to the south.

* 1874 – Hawaii signs a treaty with the United States granting exclusive trading rights.

At this low point in her career she was invited by Edgar Degas to show her works with the Impressionists, a group that had begun their own series of independent exhibitions in 1874 with much attendant notoriety.

Even more significant in terms of effect were private militias, paramilitary organizations that formed starting in 1874, including the White League in Louisiana, which quickly formed chapters in other states ; the Red Shirts in Mississippi in 1875, and with force in South Carolina and North Carolina ; as well as other " White Line " militias and rifle clubs.

Significant contributions to oceanographic knowledge were made by the voyages of HMS Beagle in the 1830s, with Charles Darwin aboard ; HMS Challenger during the 1870s ; the USS Tuscarora ( 1873 – 76 ); and the German Gazelle ( 1874 – 76 ).

Pro-Argentine militia chief Benigno Ferreira emerged as de facto dictator until his overthrow with Brazilian help in 1874.

First attested in English in 1874, the word pasta comes from Italian pasta, in turn from Latin pasta " dough, pastry cake ", itself the latinisation of the Greek παστά ( pasta ) " barley porridge ", in turn from παστός ( pastos ), " sprinkled with salt, salted ".

Regions of the cerebral cortex associated with pain. Wilhelm Erb's ( 1874 ) " intensive " theory, that a pain signal can be generated by intense enough stimulation of any sensory receptor, has been soundly disproved.

Later, as a result of these emerging conventions a number of international conferences were held, starting with the Brussels Conference of 1874, with nations agreeing that it was necessary to prevent inhumane treatment of prisoners and the use of weapons causing unnecessary harm.

The discovery of crystals ' rectifying abilities was made by German physicist Ferdinand Braun in 1874.

In 1874 German scientist Karl Ferdinand Braun discovered the " unilateral conduction " of crystals.

In 1874 Karl Ferdinand Braun observed conduction and rectification in metallic sulphides, and Arthur Schuster found that a copper oxide layer on wires has rectification properties that ceases when the wires are cleaned.

The rectifying property of crystals was discovered in 1874 by Karl Ferdinand Braun, and crystal detectors were developed and applied to radio receivers in 1904 by Jagadish Chandra Bose, G. W. Pickard and others.

Later recipients included Thomas Babington Macaulay ( 1853 ), John C. Frémont ( 1860 ), Theodor Mommsen ( 1868 ), Charles Darwin ( 1868 ), Thomas Carlyle ( 1874 ) ( who never accepted any other honor ), Henry Wadsworth Longfellow ( 1875 ), William Thomson, Lord Kelvin ( 1884 ), Heinrich von Treitschke ( 1887 ), Johannes Brahms ( 1887 ), Giuseppe Verdi ( 1887 ), William Henry Flower ( 1899 ), Camille Saint-Saëns ( 1901 ), Luigi Cremona ( 1903 ), John Singer Sargent ( 1908 ), Ferdinand von Zeppelin ( 1910 ), Otto Lessing ( sculptor ) ( 1911 ), Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen ( 1911 ), Sir William Ramsay ( 1911 ), Max Planck ( 1915 ), and Rudolph Sohm ( 1916 ).

In 1874 Ferdinand de Rothschild bought a site near the Tramway's Waddesdon station to use as a site for his planned country mansion of Waddesdon Manor.

The house was built in the Neo-Renaissance style of a French château between 1874 and 1889 for Baron Ferdinand de Rothschild ( 1839 – 1898 ).

In 1874, Baron Ferdinand de Rothschild bought a large estate in the area and built the mansion of Waddesdon Manor on a hill-top above the village.

See also Briefe von Hoffmann von Fallersleben und Moritz Haupt an Ferdinand Wolf (" Letters by Hoffmann von Fallersleben and Moritz Haupt to Ferdinand Wolf ", 1874 ); J. M. Wagner, Hoffmann von Fallersleben, 1818-1868 ( 1869 – 1870 ), and R. von Gottschall, Porträts und Studien (" Portraits and Studies ", vol.

Max Ferdinand Scheler ( August 22, 1874 – May 19, 1928 ) was a German philosopher known for his work in phenomenology, ethics, and philosophical anthropology.

* Jean d ' Orléans ( 1874 – 1940 ) grandson of Ferdinand Philippe, Duke of Orléans

The famous names in the ornithology of the Indian subcontinent during this era include Andrew Leith Adams ( 1827 – 1882 ), Edward Blyth ( 1810 – 1873 ), Edward Arthur Butler ( 1843 – 1916 ), Douglas Dewar ( 1875 – 1957 ), N. F. Frome ( 1899 – 1982 ), Hugh Whistler ( 1889 – 1943 ), H. H. Godwin-Austen ( 1834 – 1923 ), Col. W. H. Sykes ( 1790 – 1872 ), C. M. Inglis ( 1870 – 1954 ), Frank Ludlow ( 1885 – 1972 ), E. C. Stuart Baker ( 1864 – 1944 ), Henry Edwin Barnes ( 1848 – 1896 ), F. N. Betts ( 1906 – 1973 ), H. R. Baker, W. E. Brooks ( 1828 – 1899 ), Margaret Cockburn ( 1829 – 1928 ), James A. Murray, E. W. Oates ( 1845 – 1911 ), Ferdinand Stoliczka ( 1838 – 1874 ), Valentine Ball ( 1843 – 1894 ), W. T. Blanford ( 1832 – 1905 ), J. K. Stanford ( 1892 – 1971 ), Charles Swinhoe ( 1836 – 1923 ), Robert Swinhoe ( 1836 – 1877 ), C. H. T. Marshall ( 1841 – 1927 ), G. F. L. Marshall ( 1843 – 1934 ), R. S. P. Bates, James Franklin ( 1783 – 1834 ), Satya Churn Law, Arthur Edward Osmaston ( 1885 – 1961 ), Bertram Beresford Osmaston ( 1868 – 1961 ), Wardlaw Ramsay ( 1852 – 1921 ) and Samuel Tickell ( 1811 – 1875 ).

File: Ferdinand_Stolička. jpg | Ferdinand Stoliczka ( 1838 – 1874 )

Biographies of Willems have been written by Ferdinand Augustijn Snellaert ( Ghent, 1847 ) and Max Rooses ( Antwerp, 1874 ).

* Archduke Peter Ferdinand, Prince of Tuscany ( 1874 – 1948 ).

** Ferdinand Brock Tupper ( 1795 – 1874 ), a British author

Elisabeth Franziska first married Ferdinand Karl Viktor, archduke of Austria-Este ( 1821 – 1849 ), and later Karl Ferdinand, archduke of Austria-Teschen ( 1818 – 1874 ).

Ferdinand Brock Tupper ( 1795 – 1874 ), was one of the leading historians of the Channel Islands.

Her second marriage, on 18 April 1854, in Vienna, was to her first cousin Archduke Karl Ferdinand of Austria ( 1818 – 1874 ) by whom she had six children:

However, the company succeeded, and in 1874 he built the even bigger Washburn " A " Mill.

He was on the staff of Punch magazine until 1874, when he succeeded Charles William Shirley Brooks as editor.

He was succeeded by DeWitt Clinton Durgin, a graduate of Union College, from 1874 – 1878, and George F. Mosher, who served from 1886 to 1901.

In 1939, Karlgren succeeded the founding director Johan Gunnar Andersson ( 1874 – 1960 ) as director of the Museum of Far Eastern Antiquities ( Östasiatiska Museet ), a post he held until 1959.

The second son, Khaw Sim Kong, succeeded him as the governor of Ranong in 1874.

Poet John Greenleaf Whittier led an effort to rescind that censure and succeeded early in 1874.

The editor from 1826 until 1874 was Georg Heinrich Pertz, who was succeeded by Georg Waitz.

In December 1874 he married Miss Eva Sherwood of Woodhull, New York, who shortly after joined the Grange, became deeply interested in its work and succeeded her husband as treasurer upon his resignation.

* George James Perceval, 6th Earl of Egmont, 3rd Baron Arden ( 1794 – 1874 ) ( succeeded as Earl of Egmont in 1841 )

In 1874, twelve years before he succeeded his father, he was summoned to the House of Lords through a writ of acceleration in his father's junior title of Baron Strafford.

He was the son of Sebastian Dickinson, Member of Parliament for Stroud from 1868 to 1874. the title is held by the first Baron's grandson, the second Baron, who succeeded in 1943.

Caldwell died in office in 1874, Brogden succeeded to the position of governor.

He lost his seat in the 1869 election on confederation but returned in 1874 and served as Solicitor-General in the government of Sir Frederick Carter before becoming Premier in 1878 when he succeeded Carter as leader of the Conservatives.

He was succeeded as Premier by Robert A. Davis on December 3, 1874.

He was defeated in 1874 then regained his seat in 1878 and entered the cabinet of Premier John James Fraser as minister without portfolio and succeeded Fraser as premier in 1882.

Lord Romilly died in London on 23 December 1874, aged 72, and was succeeded in the barony his eldest son, William.

He became a puisne judge on 4 July 1874 ; on 24 June 1879, he succeeded Sir James Cockle as Chief Justice, a position he held until 13 March 1893.

He died in December 1874, aged 75, and was succeeded in the dukedom by his son, Douglas, Marquess of Graham.

The 2nd Marquess died in 1869 and was succeeded by his son Hugh Lupus Grosvenor, initially the 3rd Marquess and from 1874 the 1st Duke of Westminster.

He had three sons: Chayyim, who was the son-in-law of R. Joseph Böhmer of Slutzk, and died in Kovno in 1874, aged forty ; Benjamin Rabinovich ; and Hirsch Rabinovich, who was maggid or preacher of Wilna, and later succeeded his father as rabbi of Kovno.

In 1870 Knutsford became assistant colonial undersecretary, serving until 1874, and in 1873, having succeeded his father as 2nd Baronet, he was elected to the House of Commons as a Conservative.

Following the scanty clues given by George Smith and Samuel Birch, and working on the data furnished by the di Cesnola collection, he succeeded about 1874 in deciphering an entire Cypriote inscription, and in establishing the Hellenic character of the dialect and the syllabic nature of the script.

In 1874 he succeeded Stanislas Julien in the chair of Chinese at the Collège de France, while in 1878 he was elected a member of the Académie des Inscriptions et de Belles-Lettres.

The Heng was succeeded after his death in 1874 by his younger brother Yang Guozheng ( 楊國正 / 杨国正 ), who ruled peacefully and began relations with Britain upon the annexation of Upper Burma.