He soon took up with a woman, Juliette, whose maiden name, given variously as Froissy and Pourtalai and nationality ( she spoke French ) remain uncertain, but his divorce from Zina became final only in 1883, whereupon he married Juliette.

The Arithmometer, invented in 1820 as a four-operation mechanical calculator, was released to production in 1851 as an adding machine and became the first commercially successful unit ; forty years later, by 1890, about 2, 500 arithmometers had been sold plus a few hundreds more from two arithmometer clone makers ( Burkhardt, Germany, 1878 and Layton, UK, 1883 ) and Felt and Tarrant, the only other competitor in true commercial production, had sold 100 comptometers.

In 1880 they also became the first metropolitan club to visit Geelong and in 1883 the team played four matches in Adelaide.

He became famous for isolating Bacillus anthracis ( 1877 ), the Tuberculosis bacillus ( 1882 ) and Vibrio cholerae ( 1883 ) and for his development of Koch's postulates.

The game became so popular that the first " world championship " of ice hockey was featured in Montreal's annual Winter Carnival in 1883 and the McGill team captured the " Carnival Cup.

Primarily on the basis that the Lambert Charter had not been respected, France invaded Madagascar in 1883 in what became known as the first Franco-Hova War.

Image: Quagga photo. jpg | The quagga became extinct in 1883.

A working solar cell, of low efficiency, was constructed by Charles Fritts in 1883 using a metal plate coated with selenium and a thin layer of gold ; the device became commercially useful in photographic light meters in the 1930s.

The first woman in Sweden to complete a doctoral degree was Ellen Fries ( 1855 – 1900 ), who entered Uppsala university in 1877 and became a Ph. D. in history in 1883.

Angry at the cancellation of the Lambert Charter and seeking to restore property stolen from French citizens, France invaded Madagascar in 1883 in what became known as the first Franco-Hova War ( Hova as a name referring to the Merina aristocrats ).

Black socks were first included in 1883 for five seasons before disappearing for eight years but became a more permanent fixture from 1896 onwards.

In 1883 Kitchener became a Freemason.

Felix became heir to the immense fortune after his older brother Nikolai Felixovich, Count Sumarokov-Elston ( born 1883 ), was killed in a duel on June 22, 1908.

The Roseman covered bridge from 1883 in Iowa became famous when it was featured in both the novel and the film.

* The Riviera Park was established by Vasily Alexeyevich Khludov in 1883 in the part of the city which later became known as Khludovskaya.

However, Cotulla became county seat by special election in 1883.

After the arrival of the railroad in 1883, the county became a major source of iron ore.

In 1883 the " Darby News " was formed in Milford Center and eventually became the " Milford Echo " before folding, the " Milford Ohioan " was formed in 1887, the " Richwood Gazette " in 1872, the " Richwood Reporter " in 1882, which ceased operations two years later when destroyed by fire, and the " Octograph Review ".

The county organized on May 25, 1883, and became a county in the state of North Dakota on November 2, 1889.

Williamsport was the county seat from 1883 until 1899, when Linton became the county seat.

West Lebanon became the next site of the county fair, and it ran successfully through 1883 ; the fairgrounds just to the northwest of town were well-developed.

After initial years of financial struggle, the Hartley Institute became the Hartley College in 1883.

Charles William Siemens ( originally Carl Wilhelm Siemens and later Sir William Siemens ) ( 4 April 1823 – 19 November 1883 ) was a German-born engineer who for most of his life worked in Britain and later became a British subject.

Though the school died in 1883, the town streets still bear the names of several well-known 19th-century Baptists: Judson and Hasseltine ( after Adoniram Judson and his wife, Ann Hasseltine Judson ), Wayland ( after Francis Wayland, president of Brown University in Rhode Island ), Wade ( after missionary Jonathan Wade ) and Boardman ( after missionary George Boardman, whose widow, Sarah Hall Boardman became Judson's second wife ).

In 1883 the " Lake " was dropped and the town became just Eustis.

Next year is the 80th anniversary of the signing of the treaty between Korea and the United States and experts in Seoul are trying to find the correspondence between Frederick Frelinghuysen, who was Secretary of State in 1883 and 1884, and Gen. Lucius Foote, who was the first minister to Korea.

The first known telephone line in Manchester was established in July 1883 between Burr and Manley's store at Manchester Depot and the Kent and Root Marble Company in South Dorset.

* 1883 – The first public performance of the Dominican Republic's national anthem, Himno Nacional.

The first was opened in 1883 in Dunfermline.

The play was first seen in America when, during 1883, in Louisville, Kentucky, Helena Modjeska acted Nora.

This was first suggested by Mereschkowsky in 1905 after an observation by Schimper in 1883 that chloroplasts closely resemble cyanobacteria.

The differences between the more modern and traditional branches of American Judaism came to a head in 1883, at the " Trefa Banquet " at the Highland House entertainment pavilion, which was at the top of the Mount Adams Incline – where shellfish and other non-kosher dishes were served at the celebration of the first graduating class of Hebrew Union College in Cincinnati.

Edouard van Beneden and Theodor Boveri made the first observation and identification of centrioles in 1883 and 1888 respectively, while the pattern of centriole replication was first worked out independently by Etienne de Harven and Joseph G. Gall circa 1950

The first botanical observations of the island were made by Hume in 1883, when the coconut plantations had been in operation for a full century.

* 1883 – The first Permanent Force cavalry and infantry regiments of the Canadian Army are formed: The Royal Canadian Dragoons and The Royal Canadian Regiment.

In 1883 Darmstadt University of Technology and Cornell University introduced the world's first courses of study in electrical engineering, and in 1885 the University College London founded the first chair of electrical engineering in the United Kingdom.

The modern field and term were first formulated by Sir Francis Galton in 1883, drawing on the recent work of his half-cousin Charles Darwin.

In 1883, Munch took part in his first public exhibition and shared a studio with other students.

Kraepelin's major work, " Compendium der Psychiatrie ", was first published in 1883.

It comprised four volumes and was ten times larger than the first edition of 1883.

* 1883 – Alabama becomes the first U. S. state to enact an antitrust law.

* 1883 – The first vaudeville theater opens in Boston, Massachusetts.

In opera, a new Romantic atmosphere combining supernatural terror and melodramatic plot in a folkloric context was first successfully achieved by Carl Maria von Weber ( 1786 – 1826 ) and perfected by Richard Wagner ( 1813 – 1883 ) in his Ring Cycle.

Historical materialism is a methodological approach to the study of society, economics, and history, first articulated by Karl Marx ( 1818 – 1883 ) as " the materialist conception of history ".

* 1883 – The first regularly scheduled Orient Express departs Paris.