Only several years after its liberation ( 1878 ), Bulgaria became a regional military power and was involved in several major wars – Serbo-Bulgarian War ( 1885 ), First Balkan War ( 1912 – 13 ), Second Balkan War ( 1913 ), First World War ( 1915 – 1918 ) and Second World War ( 1941 – 1944 ), during which the Army gained significant combat experience.

His mother and father had married four years previously, at which time Chaplin Sr. became the legal carer of Hannah's illegitimate son, Sydney John ( 1885 – 1965 ).

These clubs became the Granite Club, and in 1885, the present Detroit Curling Club was organized.

Nevertheless, it became the most frequently reprinted translation of the novel until about 1885.

* 1885 – Ito Hirobumi, a samurai, became the first Prime Minister of Japan.

The mainland portion, Río Muni, became a protectorate in 1885 and a colony in 1900.

In 1885 the island became the capital of the British Windward Islands.

The Granville Municipality was formed in 1885 and the council carried on the local government of the area until 1948, when it became part of an enlarged City of Parramatta.

Gosford became a town in 1885 and was declared a municipality in 1886.

From the mid-century there were increasing calls for Home Rule for Scotland and when the Conservative Lord Salisbury became prime minister in 1885 he responded to pressure by reviving the post of Secretary of State for Scotland, which had been in abeyance since 1746.

Eventually effective political organisation for working people was achieved through the trades unions who, after the extensions of the franchise in 1867 and 1885, began to support socialist political parties that later merged to became the British Labour Party.

The Wabash Railroad strike in 1885 was also a significant success, as Powderly finally supported what became a successful strike on Jay Gould's Wabash Line.

Recognised as part of the Spanish East Indies in 1874, the islands were sold to Germany in 1884, and became part of German New Guinea in 1885.

Rocky Mountain National Park became Canada's first national park in 1885.

* USA-An American branch of the Society was formed as the American Society for Psychical Research ( ASPR ) in 1885, which became independent in 1906.

The port facilities were improved with jetties, a telegraph line was established along the coast to Saint-Louis and the Dakar-Saint-Louis railway was completed in 1885, at which point the city became an important base for the conquest of the western Sudan.

In 1885 he became professor of political economy at Cambridge, where he remained until his retirement in 1908.

In 1885, the Birmingham School of Art became the first Municipal School of Art.

In 1885, based on European ideas, Itō established a cabinet system of government, replacing the Daijō-kan as the decision-making state organization, and on December 22, 1885, he became the first prime minister of Japan.

After a brief de facto protectorate period beginning in 1885 the island became a full formal French protectorate in 1890, then a colony in 1896, and gained full independence from France in 1960 in the wake of decolonization.

* Petequakey (‘ Comes to Us With the Sound of Wings ’, better known as Isidore Cayen dit Boudreau, Chief of the Parklands or Willow Cree at Muskeg Lake, born in St. Boniface, Manitoba, as son of Pierre Narcisse Cayen dit Boudreau and Adelaide Catherine Arcand (‘ Kaseweetin ’), though he was a Métis he became chief of the Willow Cree an the Métis, who were living with the Cree, brother and counselor of chief Kee-too-way-how ( a. k. a. Alexander Cayen dit Boudreau ), after Kee-too-way-how had left the reserve on the Muskeg Lake to live around Batoche, became Petequakey chief ( 1880 – 1889 ) of the remaining Cree and Métis living in the reserve, he participated on 26 March 1885 along with the Métis leader Gabriel Dumont at the battle at Duck Lake, thereafter he led his tribal group to St. Laurent to participate in the defense of Batoche, one of the largest Métis settlements and the seat of the Saskatchewan's provisional government during the rebellion )

* Kee-too-way-how (‘ Sounding With Flying Wings ’, better known as Alexander Cayen dit Boudreau, Chief of the Parklands or Willow Cree at Muskeg Lake, born 1834 St. Boniface, Manitoba, son of Pierre Narcisse Cayen dit Boudreau and Adelaide Catherine Arcand (‘ Kaseweetin ’), though he was of Métis descent he became chief of the Willow Cree and the Métis, who were living with the Cree, brother of Petequakey (‘ Isidore Cayen dit Boudreau ’), lived along Duck Lake, signed 1876 Treaty 6 and settled in a reserve at Muskeg Lake-that was later named after his brother Petequakey-but left the reserve in 1880 and lived again in the following years close to St. Laurent de Grandin mission, played a prominent role during the Northwest Rebellion of 1885 in which he participated in every battle, served also as an emissary of the Métis leader Gabriel Dumont to ask the Assiniboine for support, on 23 May 1885 he also submitted the declaration of surrender of Pitikwahanapiwiyin (' Poundmaker ') to General Middleton, was captured on the 1st June 1885, in the subsequent trial of Kee-too-way-how at Regina, Louis Cochin testified that he and the carters in the camp of Pitikwahanapiwiyin survived only thanks to the intercession by Kee-way-too-how and its people, despite the positive testimony, he was on 14 August 1885 sentenced to imprisonment for seven years for his involvement in the Métis rebellion, died 1886 ).

In 1885, the same year that he published his monumental work, Memory: A Contribution to Experimental Psychology, he was made a professor at the University of Berlin, most likely in recognition of this publication.

Although the New England Journal of Medicine reported the invention of the stethoscope two years later, in 1821, as late as 1885 a professor of medicine stated, " He that hath ears to hear, let him use his ears and not a stethoscope.

In 1885, he was honorably appointed as member of the Royal Dutch Academy of Sciences ( Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen, KNAW ), and in 1889, he was appointed professor of differential and integral calculus at Toulouse University.

* John Henry Logan, ( 1822 – 1885 ), born in Abbeville, physician, served as a surgeon in the Confederate Army during the American Civil War, professor at Atlanta Medical College, and editor of the Atlanta Medical Journal.

In 1885, at Halle University, Dorn took over the position of personal ordinarius professor for theoretical physics from Anton Oberbeck.

He became professor extraordinarius of oriental languages in the faculty of philology at Halle, was elected professor ordinarius at Marburg in 1885, and was transferred to Göttingen in 1892 where he stayed until his death.

Appointed professor of the history of the French Revolution at the Sorbonne in 1885, he formed the minds of students who in their turn did valuable work.

In 1885 he was appointed professor in the Collège de France, and was sent to India in 1886 on a mission to collect the popular songs of the Afghans, a translation of which, with a valuable essay on the Afghan language and literature, he published on his return.

From 1885 to 1889 he lived and worked in Tokyo in Japan as a law professor of the Law School of the Society for German Sciences.

In 1885, PCP professor Joseph P. Remington published The Practice of Pharmacy, which soon became established as the standard text in the field.

In 1883 to 1885, he was topographic geologist of the Geological Survey of Pennsylvania in the anthracite regions ; in 1885, after receiving his Ph. D. from Indiana University, he was made professor of geology in the Indiana University, a position he held until 1891, though he was absent on leave for several years.

In 1885, he became professor of modern history in the University of Berlin, where his lectures were highly popular.

* William Boyd ( pathologist ) ( 1885 – 1979 ), Scottish-Canadian professor and author

Appointed professor of rabbinical literature and philosophy at the University of Chicago in 1892, Hirsch also served on the Chicago Public Library board from 1885 to 1897.

After his return to the United States in 1885, he was for two years professor of music in the Cathedral School of St. Paul in Garden City, Long Island.

He taught at the universities of Edinburgh and St Andrews, was physics professor at the University of Texas ( 1885 – 1894 ), professor of Advanced Electricity, and later of mathematical physics, at Lehigh University.

In 1885 the codex was also sent to a German researcher, Bernhard Jülg, a professor at Innsbruck University, but he was not able to decipher it either.

* Leo Funtek ( 1885 – 1965 ), violinist, conductor, arranger and music professor

In 1885 he gave a course of lectures on Experimental Psychology at the Sorbonne, and in 1888 was appointed professor of that subject at the College of France.

Adams was then assistant professor of Latin and history at Michigan from 1863 to 1867, and full professor of history from 1867 to 1885.