In 1902 William Bayliss and Ernest Starling performed an experiment in which they observed that acid instilled into the duodenum caused the pancreas to begin secretion, even after they had removed all nervous connections between the two.

The term was first popularized by American myrmecologist William Morton Wheeler in 1902.

Among his predecessors as editors-in-chief were Hugh Chisholm ( 1902 – 1924 ), James Louis Garvin ( 1926 – 1932 ), Franklin Henry Hooper ( 1932 – 1938 ), Walter Yust ( 1938 – 1960 ), Harry Ashmore ( 1960 – 1963 ), Warren E. Preece ( 1964 – 1968, 1969 – 1975 ), Sir William Haley ( 1968 – 1969 ), Philip W. Goetz ( 1979 – 1991 ), and Robert McHenry ( 1992 – 1997 ).

# 1902 – 1905 William Williams ( Republican )

Opened during the 1880s and originally located at 11th Street and University Place, called the Hotel St. Stephan and then after 1902, called The Hotel Albert while under the ownership of William Ryder it served as a meeting place, restaurant and dwelling for several important artists and writers from the late 19th century well into the 20th century.

Then later, in 1902, Heart of Darkness was included in the book " Youth: a Narrative, and Two Other Stories " ( published November 13th 1902, by William Blackwood ).

Then the following month, on May 31st 1902, in a letter to William Blackwood, Conrad remarks:

* 1902 – William Wyler, French-American director ( d. 1981 )

— Sir William Osler, Chauvanism in Medicine ( 1902 )

The work of Dr. William Gorgas deploying the techniques pioneered by Cuban physician Carlos Finley made it possible to rid the area of yellow fever between 1902 and 1905.

< tr bgcolor ="# F4E4FF ">< td > 21 < td > William Irvine < td > Reform < td > 10 June 1902 < td > 16 February 1904

* William Stephenson ( psychologist ) ( 1902 – 1989 ), psychologist and physicist

< center > Sir William Crookes </ center > < center > by Leslie Ward | Sir Leslie Ward 1902 </ center >

Important early 20th century writers who studied the phenomenon of spirituality, and their works, include William James, The Varieties of Religious Experience ( 1902 ), and Rudolph Otto, especially The Idea of the Holy ( 1917 ).

Roosevelt appointed three Justices to the Supreme Court of the United States: Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr. ( 1902 ), William Rufus Day ( 1903 ), William Henry Moody ( 1906 ).

Walter Houser Brattain ( February 10, 1902 – October 13, 1987 ) was an American physicist at Bell Labs who, along with John Bardeen and William Shockley, invented the transistor.

William Topaz McGonagall ( March 1825 – 29 September 1902 ) was a Scottish weaver, doggerel poet and actor.

From left, clockwise: The Wright brothers achieve the first manned flight by airplane, in Kitty Hawk, North Carolina | Kitty Hawk in 1903 ; U. S. President William McKinley is William McKinley assassination | assassinated in 1901 by Leon Czolgosz at the Pan-American Exposition ; An 1906 San Francisco earthquake | earthquake on the San Andreas Fault destroys much of San Francisco, killing at least 3, 000 in 1906 ; United States | America gains control over the Philippines in 1902, after the Philippine – American War ; Rock being moved to construct the Panama Canal ; Admiral Heihachiro Togo | Togo before the Battle of Tsushima in 1905, part of the Russo-Japanese War, leading to Japanese victory and their establishment as a great power.

* April 17 – William Corbett, American attorney, acting Governor of Guam ( b. 1902 )

* February 5 – William Collier, American actor ( b. 1902 )

** William Wyler, American movie director ( b. 1902 )

In 1902 an area east of the village of Ossining, then known as Whitson's Crossing, was incorporated as the village of Briarcliff Manor.

In addition to Triumphant Democracy ( 1886 ), and The Gospel of Wealth ( 1889 ), he also wrote An American Four-in-hand in Britain ( 1883 ), Round the World ( 1884 ), The Empire of Business ( 1902 ), The Secret of Business is the Management of Men ( 1903 ), James Watt ( 1905 ) in the Famous Scots Series, Problems of Today ( 1907 ), and his posthumously published autobiography Autobiography of Andrew Carnegie ( 1920 ).

Up to 1902, Bartók wrote in total 74 works which can be considered in Romantic style.

Gauguin, near the end of his career, wrote a letter to a friend in 1902, shortly before Pissarro ’ s death:

In 1902, the English politician and game shooting enthusiast Mark Hanbury Beaufoy wrote some much-quoted verses on gun safety, including many salient points.

In Conrad's words, regarding Heart of Darkness: In a letter to Henry-Durand Darvay, dated April 10th 1902, Joseph Conrad wrote ( French: translated below ):

Initially unaware of Gibbs's contributions in that field, Albert Einstein wrote three papers on statistical mechanics, published between 1902 and 1904.

In 1902 Krarup both wrote his paper on this subject and saw the installation of the first cable between Helsingør ( Denmark ) and Helsingborg ( Sweden ).

In 1878 James wrote with sadness about the lack of contemporary attention paid to Balzac, and lavished praise on him in four essays ( in 1875, 1877, 1902, and 1913 ).

He also wrote a short story entitled " On the Return of the Dead " in which Rabelais descended from heaven to earth in 1902 to give a lecture in praise of wine at the London School of Economics, but was instead arrested.

Miyazaki who participated in the revolt with Sun wrote an account of this revolutionary effort under the title " 33-year dream " ( 三十三年之夢 ) in 1902.

Smith wrote and illustrated several books about Jamaican folklore, including Annancy Stories ( 1902 ) which were about Jamaican versions of tales involving the traditional African folk figure Anansi the Spider.

* Émile Zola ( 1840 – 1902 ) wrote the novel Lourdes that deals with faith and healing, particularly of Marie de Guersaint.

In 1902, Barbara Baynton wrote a collection of short stories titled Bush Studies.

Mahler wrote his fifth symphony during the summers of 1901 and 1902.

She also wrote " A Warrior's Daughter ", published in 1902 in Volume 4 of Everybody's Magazine.

The only publication he wrote in his life was titled To-Morrow: A Peaceful Path to Real Reform, which was significantly revised in 1902 as Garden Cities of To-morrow.

As a response to perceived inaccurate portrayals of race relations in Harriet Beecher Stowe ’ s Uncle Tom ’ s Cabin, Baptist preacher Tom Dixon wrote The Leopard ’ s Spots: A Romance of the White Man ’ s Burden in 1902 asserting White supremacy amidst supposed African American evil and corruption.

Dow wrote his last editorial in April 1902.

He is most famous for his operettas – the most successful of which is The Merry Widow ( Die lustige Witwe ) – but he also wrote sonatas, symphonic poems, marches, and a number of waltzes ( the most popular being Gold und Silber, composed for Princess Pauline von Metternich's " Gold and Silver " Ball, January 1902 ), some of which were drawn from his famous operettas.

Heldt wrote an editorial in June 1902 in which he said, " Now there is a noticeable tendency for automobile manufacturers to follow certain accepted lines of construction, technical questions constantly arise which seek solution from the cooperation of the technical men connected with the industry.

In a 1902 article, " Pourquoi j ’ ai écrit Pelléas " ( Why I wrote Pelléas ), Debussy explained the appeal of the work: " The drama of Pelléas which, despite its dream-like atmosphere, contains far more humanity than those so-called ‘ real-life documents ’, seemed to suit my intentions admirably.

In 1902, for example, the ethnographer Elsdon Best wrote to Augustus Hamilton, the future director of the Colonial Museum, to state that Hector should be forced from office and that they should ‘ put a live man in in his place ’.

Together they wrote Alternating Electric Currents ( 1895 ), Electrical Engineering leaflets ( 1896 ), and Electric arc lighting ( 1902 ).

Lon Luvois Fuller ( June 15, 1902 – April 8, 1978 ) was a noted legal philosopher, who wrote The Morality of Law in 1964, discussing the connection between law and morality.