* 1918 – World War I: The Flight over Vienna mission, when a dozen Italian Servizio Aeronautico single-engined military aircraft drop leaflets over the main capital of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, demanding that both Austrian hostilities against Italy be ended, and for Austria to end its alliance with the German Empire.

The first tank versus tank action took place on 24 April 1918 at Second Battle of Villers-Bretonneux, when three British Mark IVs met an advance of three German A7Vs, supported by infantry.

* 1918 – First tank-to-tank combat, at Villers-Bretonneux, France, when three British Mark IVs met three German A7Vs.

The Kingdom of Bulgaria participated in World War I on the side of the Central Powers between 15 October 1915, when the country declared war on Serbia, to 29 September 1918, when the Armistice of Thessalonica was signed.

Currently, the word " Bohemians " is sometimes used when speaking about persons from Bohemia of non-Czech or mixed ethnic origin, especially before the year 1918, when the Kingdom of Bohemia ceased to exist ; also when there is need to distinguish between inhabitants of the western part ( Bohemia proper ) of Czechia, and the eastern ( Moravia ) or the north-eastern part ( Silesia ).

The Czechoslovak Armed Forces were originally formed after 1918, when Czechoslovakia was created from former Austro-Hungarian areas after the defeat of that country in World War I.

Liechtenstein claims restitution for ( which is ten times the size of Liechtenstein ) of land in the Czech Republic confiscated from its princely family in 1918 by the then newly established state of Czechoslovakia, the predecessor of the Czech Republic ; the Czech Republic insists that the power to claim restitution does not go back before February 1948, when the Communists seized power ; Liechtenstein did not diplomatically recognize the Czech Republic until 2009, and the Czech Republic in turn did not diplomatically recognize Liechtenstein.

The party was founded in 1918 when several monarchist parties united.

By March 1918, when the organization came to Moscow, it contained the following sections: against counterrevolution, speculation, non-residents, and information gathering.

For example, the Central Committee voted for or against signing a peace treaty with the Germans between 1917 and 1918 during World War I ; the majority voted in favour of peace when Trotsky backed down in 1918.

** Nazarov was Dictator of the Don Republic ( which before, since its founding on 2 December 1917 at Novocherkassk, had been governed by a Triumvirate including the last pre-Soviet Ataman, Aleksei Maksimovich Kaledin ) from 11 February 1918 till 25 February 1918 when Bolshevik troops ended their existence

These theories were given credence by the fact that when Germany surrendered in November 1918, its armies were still in French and Belgian territory, Berlin remained 450 miles from the nearest front, and the German armies retired from the field of battle in good order.

The title of Emperor of Austria and the associated Empire were both abolished at the end of the First World War in 1918, when German Austria became a republic and the other kingdoms and lands represented in the Imperial Council established their independence or adhesion to other states.

By 1918 the edges of ordinary circular irises were becoming very fuzzy when they were used in American films.

But the United States was already gaining quickly when World War I ( 1914 – 1918 ) caused a devastating interruption in the European film industries.

Parachutes were well-developed by 1918 having previously been used by balloonists, and were adopted by the German flying services during the course of that year ( the famous " Red Baron " was wearing one when he was killed ), but the allied command continued to oppose their use on various grounds.

His Democratic opponent was Robert L. Moran, an alderman from the Bronx who had succeeded to the Board presidency in 1918 when Alfred E. Smith, who had been elected Board President in 1917, became Governor.

The final blow to the cause of the Finnish Reds was dealt when the Bolsheviks broke off the peace negotiations at Brest-Litovsk, leading to the German eastern offensive in February 1918.

The German Empire () is the common name given to the state officially named the ( literally: " German Realm "), designating Germany from the unification of Germany and proclamation of Wilhelm I as German Emperor on 18 January 1871, to 1918, when it became a federal republic after defeat in World War I and the abdication of the Emperor, Wilhelm II.

This new puppet state existed until November 1918, when it was replaced by the newly established Republic of Poland.

* 1918 – Friedrich Karl von Hessen, a German prince elected by the Parliament of Finland to become King Väinö I, renounces the Finnish throne.

Finland's foreign politics before this deal had been varied: independence from Imperial Russia with support of Imperial Germany in 1917 ; participation in the Russian Civil War ( without official declaration of war ) alongside the Triple Entente 1918 – 1920 ; a non-ratified alliance with Poland in 1922 ; association with the neutralist and democratic Scandinavian countries in the 1930s ended by the Winter War ( 1939 ); and finally in 1940, a rapprochement with Nazi Germany, the only power able to protect Finland against the expansionist Soviet Union, leading to the Continuation War in 1941.

The war was fought from 27 January to 15 May 1918 between the forces of the Social Democrats led by the People's Deputation of Finland, commonly called the " Reds " (, ), and the forces of the non-socialist, conservative-led Senate, commonly called the " Whites " (, ).

From 60, 000-80, 000 Russian soldiers remained stationed in Finland at the beginning of 1918, but the majority of them were demoralized and unwilling to fight, and were withdrawn from Finland by the end of March.

Although actual combat didn't spread to Finland until 1918, the war between Germany and Russia had a major impact on the Finns from its beginning in 1914.

There were 149 Civil-White Guards in Finland ( local units in towns and rural communes ) on 31 August 1917, 251 on 30 September, 315 on 31 October, 380 on 30 November 1917 and 408 on 26 January 1918.

White Guard ( Finland ) | White Guards were appointed the White Army of Finland on 25 January 1918.

Some of them, such as Mikhail Svetšnikov, led Red troops in western Finland throughout February 1918, while other officers were mistrustful of their revolutionary underlings and co-operated with their former colleague General Mannerheim, assisting the Whites in the disarmament of the Russian garrisons in Finland.

On 30 January 1918 General Mannerheim proclaimed to Russian soldiers in Finland that the White army did not fight against Russia: the goal of the White campaign was to beat the Finnish Red rebels and the Russian troops supporting them.

The German army did not alter its military plans concerning Finland after the peace treaty with the Bolsheviks because the Civil War of the Finns had opened an easy access with low costs to Fennoscandia, and because troops of a British Naval squadron had invaded the harbour of Murmansk on the northwestern coast of Russia by the Arctic Ocean on 9 March 1918.

On the other side, Sweden aimed to take over the Åland islands from Finland by sending a naval military expedition there on 15 February 1918.

* 1918 – Germany, Austria and Russia sign the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk ending Russia's involvement in World War I, and leading to the independence of Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Poland.

Finland was the first republic that declared its independence from Russia in December 1917, and established itself in the ensuing Finnish Civil War from January to May 1918.

The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk in March 1918 led to Russia's exit from the war and the independence of Armenia, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Ukraine, Lithuania, Georgia and Poland.

Germany's defeat in World War I – marked by the armistice with the Allies on 11 November 1918 at Compiègne – made it possible for Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Ukraine, and Poland to become independent sovereign states.

* Women's suffrage movement continues to make gains as women obtain full voting rights in New Zealand ( 1893 ), the Grand Duchy of Finland ( 1906 ), Denmark ( 1915 ), the United Kingdom in 1918 ( women over 30 ) and in 1928 ( full enfranchisement ), and in the United States in 1920 ; women begin to enter the workplace in larger numbers.

In 1918, a new university, the Åbo Akademi – the only Swedish language university in Finland – was founded in Turku.

Åbo Akademi, founded 1918 as the second university of Finland, is Finland's only Swedish-language university.

After the Russian conquests, it continued to be used by the Russian emperor in his role as ruler of Lithuania ( 1793 – 1918 ) and of autonomous Finland ( 1809 – 1917 ) as well.

* Kingdom of Finland ( 1918 ) – A short-lived monarchy in Finland after the end of czarist rule

To the middle of September 1918, there had been fewer than 10,000 deaths from disease in the new army.

On December 30, 1918, Capone married Mae Josephine Coughlin, who was Irish Catholic and who, earlier that month, had given birth to their first son, Albert Francis (" Sonny ") Capone.

Following the publication of the Declaration the British had dispatched Commander David George Hogarth to see Hussein in January 1918 bearing the message that the " political and economic freedom " of the Palestinian population was not in question.

The first of the re-releases was The Chaplin Revue ( 1959 ), which included new versions of A Dog's Life, Shoulder Arms and The Pilgrim, and How to Make Movies, a film he had made in 1918 to show his new studio and which had never before been released.

Towards the end of 1918, Frances sent a letter to Johanna Parvin, a friend in Cape Town, South Africa, where Frances had lived for most of her life, enclosing the photograph of her with the fairies.

By late 1918, hundreds of Cheka committees had been created in various cities, at multiple levels including: oblast, guberniya (" Gubcheks "), raion, uyezd, and volost Chekas, with Raion and Volost Extraordinary Commissioners.

By the spring of 1918, the commission had several teams.

On February 23, 1918, VCheKa sent a radio telegram to all Soviets with a petition to immediately organize emergency commissions to combat counter-revolution, sabotage and speculation, if such commissions had not been yet organized.

In August 1918, in the Soviet Republic had accounted for some 75 Uyezd-level Extraordinary Commissions.

On December 9, 1918, the collegiate ( or presidium ) of VCheKa had decided to form a military section, headed by M. S. Kedrov, to combat counterrevolution in the Army.

In September 1914 cavalry comprised 9. 28 % of the total manpower of the British Expeditionary Force in France — by July 1918 this proportion had fallen to 1. 65 %.

It was not until the German Army had been forced to retreat in the Hundred Days Offensive of 1918, that cavalry were again able to operate in their intended role.

In 1918 it had a membership of approximately 200, 000.

He blamed the Berlin government and the civilian population for the armistice / surrender of November 1918, saying they had failed to support him, had let him down, and had proved itself unworthy of the traditions of a fighting nation.

This was picked up by right-wing political factions and used as a form of attack against the SPD-led early Weimar government, which had come to power in the German Revolution of November 1918.

On November 18, von Hindenburg testified in front of this parliamentary commission, and cited a December 17, 1918 Neue Zürcher Zeitung article that summarized two earlier articles in the Daily Mail by British General Frederick Barton Maurice with the phrase that the German army had been ' dagger-stabbed from behind by the civilian populace ' (" von der Zivilbevölkerung von hinten erdolcht .").

Richard Steigmann-Gall says that the stab-in-the-back legend traces back to a sermon preached on February 3, 1918, by Protestant Court Chaplain Bruno Doehring, six months before the war had even ended.

Throughout his career, he railed against the " November criminals " of 1918, who had stabbed the German Army in the back.

This handbook of grammatical and stylistic guidance for writers of American English had been written and published in 1918 by William Strunk, Jr., one of White's professors at Cornell.

In Poor Little Rich Girl ( 1917 ) a camera shot tilting sideways is intended to convey delirium, and by 1918 the idea had got to Russia, in Baryshnya i khuligan ( The Lady and the Hooligan ), where the Hooligan's infatuation with the Lady is conveyed by his Point of View of her splitting into a multiply superimposed image.