When the Cubs clinched the Eastern Division with a Sutcliffe complete-game 2-hitter at Pittsburgh on September 23, the franchise had its first title of any kind since 1945.

Heinrich Luitpold Himmler ( 7 October 1900 – 23 May 1945 ) was Reichsführer of the Schutzstaffel ( SS ), a military commander, and a leading member of the Nazi Party ( NSDAP ) of Nazi Germany.

While in British custody, he committed suicide on 23 May 1945.

Josef Antonius Heinrich Terboven ( 23 May 1898 – 8 May 1945 ) was a Nazi leader, best known as the Reichskommissar for Norway during the German occupation of Norway.

Poznań fell to the Red Army ( assisted by Polish volunteers ) on 23 February 1945 following the Battle of Poznań, in which the German army conducted a last-ditch defence in line with Hitler's designation of the city as a Festung.

The three most destructive raids ( out of 363 that the city suffered ), occurred on 23 November 1943, and 3 February and 26 February 1945.

On 23 February 1945, Turkey declared war against Germany and Japan, after Yalta Conference announced that only states which were in war with Germany and Japan by 1 March 1945 would join the United Nations.

Violette Szabo was executed, aged 23, by SS firing squad on or about 5 February 1945.

* June 23 – Giuseppina Tuissi, Italian resistance member ( d. 1945 )

* Stéphanie Clotilde Louise Herminie Marie Charlotte, born at Laken on 11 May 1864, and died at the Archabbey of Pannonhalma in Győr-Moson-Sopron, Hungary, on 23 August 1945.

The division also jumped to liberate 2, 000 Allied civilians interned at Los Baños, 23 February 1945.

The final operation of the division was conducted on 23 June 1945, in conjunction with an advance by U. S. ground forces in northern Luzon.

These were not designed to directly penetrate defences, though they could do this ( for example the Valentin submarine pens had ferrous concrete roofs 7 metres ( 23 ft ) thick which were penetrated by two Grand Slams on 27 March 1945 ), but rather to penetrate under the target and explode leaving a camouflet ( cavern ) which would undermine foundations of structures above, causing it to collapse, thus negating any possible hardening.

* Interest of the United States in the transfer of German populations from Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Rumania, and Austria, Foreign relations of the United States: diplomatic papers, Volume II ( 1945 ) pp. 1227 – 1327 ( Note: Page 1227 begins with a Czechoslovak document dated 23 November 1944, several months before Czechoslovakia was " liberated " by the Soviet Army.

Anthony Tillmon " Tony " Williams ( December 12, 1945 – February 23, 1997 ) was an American jazz drummer.

He was married three times: Celia Lovsky ( 1934 – 13 March 1945, divorced ); Kaaren Verne ( 25 May 1945 – 1950, divorced ) and Anne Marie Brenning ( 21 July 1953 – 23 March 1964, his death ).

From 1925 until his mother's death at age 90 on 11 March 1945, Forster lived with her at West Hackhurst, Abinger Hammer, finally leaving on or around 23 September 1946.

Strauss completed the composition of Metamorphosen, a work for 23 solo strings, in 1945.

* Metamorphosen, for 23 solo strings ( 1945 )

Representatives of the Polish government officially took over the civilian administration of the southern part of East Prussia on 23 May 1945.

See Althoff v. System Garages, Inc., supra at 864 ( preprinted form used by a garageman ); Ramsden v. Grimshaw, 23 Wn. 2d 864, 866, 162 P. 2d 901 ( 1945 ) ( preprinted form used by a garageman ).

Other victims of German atrocities included 23 Polish children murdered between December 1944 and February 1945, and 24 people ( 23 men and one woman ) murdered by the SS on 7 March 1945, just before the Red Army took over the city without any serious resistance on 8 March 1945.

At the 1945 general election, Sinclair and many of his colleagues lost their seats to both Conservatives and Labour, and the party returned just 12 MPs to Westminster.

Clement Richard Attlee, 1st Earl Attlee, KG, OM, CH, PC, FRS ( 3 January 1883 – 8 October 1967 ) was a British Labour politician who served as the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1945 to 1951, and as the Leader of the Labour Party from 1935 to 1955.

He was also the first person to hold the office of Deputy Prime Minister, under Winston Churchill in the wartime coalition government, before leading the Labour Party to a landslide election victory over Churchill's Conservative Party in 1945.

Labour lost the general election of 1951 to Churchill's renewed Conservatives, despite polling more votes than in the 1945 election and more votes nationwide than the Conservative party.

It was also the first full coalition in Britain since 1945, having been formed 70 years virtually to the day after the establishment of Winston Churchill's wartime coalition, although there had been the " Lib-Lab pact ", an agreement stopping short of a full coalition between the Labour and Liberal parties, from March 1977 until July 1978, when a series of by-election defeats had eroded Labour's majority of three seats which had been gained at the October 1974 election.

According to Newsinger, although Orwell " was always critical of the 1945 – 51 Labour government's moderation, his support for it began to pull him to the right politically.

* 1945 – The Labour Party wins the United Kingdom general election of July 5 by a landslide, removing Winston Churchill from power.

Anderson assisted in nailing the Red flag to the roof of the Junior Officers mess in Annan Parbat, in August 1945, after the victory of the Labour Party in the general election was confirmed.

After some consideration, she agreed to become the first Labour nominee for the presidency and the first woman candidate in what was only the second presidential election to be contested by three candidates since 1945.

Stalin, Churchill, and Truman — as well as Attlee, who participated alongside Churchill while awaiting the outcome of the 1945 general election, and then replaced Churchill as Prime Minister after the Labour Party's victory over the Conservatives — gathered to decide how to administer punishment to the defeated Nazi Germany, which had agreed to unconditional surrender nine weeks earlier, on 8 May ( V-E Day ).

His father was imprisoned during the 1926 General Strike for his involvement in a riot and later became Member of Parliament for Pontypool, Parliamentary Private Secretary to Clement Attlee, and briefly a minister in the 1945 Labour government.

In the biography of the 1945 UK Labour Party Prime Minister Clement Attlee, Francis Beckett states: " the government ... wanted what would become known as a mixed economy ".

In 1945, the British Labour Party, led by Clement Attlee, was elected to office based upon a radical socialist programme.

Clement Attlee, U. K. Prime Minister, Labour Party ( UK ) | Labour Party government, 1945 – 51.

Unemployment benefits, national insurance and state pensions were introduced by the 1945 Labour government.

* July 26 – Winston Churchill resigns as the United Kingdom's Prime Minister after his Conservative Party is soundly defeated by the Labour Party in the 1945 general election.

** International Labour Organization ( ILO ) In 1945, the organisation's new constitution came into effective.

* September 10 – 11 – Norway's ruling Labour Party loses eight seats in the parliamentary elections, its worst showing since 1945.

Though he voted for the Labour Party in their 1945 landslide victory, because he wanted to punish the Conservative Party for the Munich agreement, after the war he joined the Conservatives and worked for the Conservative Research Department under Rab Butler, where his colleagues included Iain Macleod and Reginald Maudling.

In the 1945 British general election, Churchill's Conservative party was soundly defeated by the Labour party of Clement Attlee.

They were politically faithful to their father throughout his life ; but after 1945, each drifted away from the Liberal Party, Gwilym finishing his career as a Conservative Home Secretary while Megan became a Labour MP in 1957, perhaps symbolising the fate of much of the old Liberal Party.

In the 1945 general election, Wilson won his seat in the Labour landslide.

Labour won a landslide victory on 26 July 1945 bringing Clement Attlee to power.