No writer's published work provided the basis for more film noirs of the classic period than Woolrich's: thirteen in all, including Black Angel ( 1946 ), Deadline at Dawn ( 1946 ), and Fear in the Night ( 1947 ).

Since 1947 it has produced thirteen Pulitzer Prize winners.

He was born in Nashville Tennessee in 1947, thirteen months after his brother Duane.

The Mille Miglia (, Thousand Miles ) was an open-road endurance race which took place in Italy twenty-four times from 1927 to 1957 ( thirteen before the war, eleven from 1947 ).

On Bastille Day the predominantly French crowd was willing a French stage win, a feat achieved thirteen times since 1947, the last being Laurent Jalabert in 2001.

He played all or part of thirteen seasons in Major League Baseball for the Detroit Tigers ( 1934, 1937 – 45 ), Boston Red Sox ( 1946 – 47 ), Chicago White Sox ( 1947 ) and Philadelphia Athletics ( 1948 ), primarily as a first baseman.

At age thirteen, he played clarinet in a military band and later learned the alto saxophone, but after moving to Stockholm in 1947 became a professional musician as a pianist.

In 1947 and 1948 the necessity of massive coordinated efforts to achieve economic recovery led to the formation of the Organization for European Economic Cooperation to supervise and coordinate the uses of American aid under the Marshall Plan.

However, his next films, The Great Dictator ( 1940 ), a parody on Adolf Hitler and Benito Mussolini that ended in a dramatic speech criticising the blind following patriotic nationalism, and Monsieur Verdoux ( 1947 ), which criticised war and capitalism, as well as his first European film A King in New York ( 1957 ), which ridiculed the U. S. House Un-American Activities Committee, were more clearly political and caused controversy.

In a June 5, 1947 speech, comporting with the Truman Doctrine, Marshall announced a comprehensive program of American assistance to all European countries wanting to participate, including the Soviet Union and those of Eastern Europe, called the Marshall Plan.

" Orwell was a proponent of a federal socialist Europe, a position outlined in his 1947 essay " Toward European Unity ," which first appeared in Partisan Review.

In July 1947, Stalin ordered these communist-dominated governments to pull out of the Paris Conference on the European Recovery Programme.

By the time of independence of Pakistan in 1947, Karachi had become a bustling metropolis with beautiful classical and colonial European styled buildings, lining the city ’ s thoroughfares.

Marshall spoke of urgent need to help the European recovery in his address at Harvard University in June 1947.

The reconstruction plan, developed at a meeting of the participating European states, was established on June 5, 1947.

In 1947 the European economies were still well below their pre-war levels and were showing few signs of growth.

Like most of the other former European Axis powers the Italian peace treaty was signed at the 1947 Paris Peace Conference.

As a critic of both fascism and what he called the culture industry, his writings — such as Dialectic of Enlightenment ( 1947 ), Minima Moralia ( 1951 ) and Negative Dialectics ( 1966 )— strongly influenced the European New Left.

The Marshall Plan of 1947 caused lending by the bank to change as many European countries received aid that competed with World Bank loans.

The end of denazification saw the ad-hoc creation initially of the Western Union ( not to be confused with the commercial operation of that name ) which would be institutionalised as the Western European Union in 1947 and 1955, with a broad socio-economic remit actually implemented in the strict domain of arms control.

* 1947 – Texaco's European marketing operations are also placed into the Caltex joint venture

Over the years, the Best Foreign Language Film Award and its predecessors have been given almost exclusively to European films: out of the 64 Awards handed out by the Academy since 1947 to foreign language films, fifty one have gone to European films, five to Asian films, three to African films and three to films from the Americas.

Alain Lipietz ( born September 19, 1947, Charenton-le-Pont as Alain Guy Lipiec ) is a French engineer, economist and politician, a Member of the European Parliament, and a member of the French Green Party.

In June 1947, after the Soviets had refused to negotiate a potential lightening of restrictions on German development, the United States announced the Marshall Plan, a comprehensive program of American assistance to all European countries wanting to participate, including the Soviet Union and those of Eastern Europe.

In July 1947, Stalin ordered these countries to pull out of the Paris Conference on the European Recovery Programme, which has been described as " the moment of truth " in the post – World War II division of Europe.

* Herman Van Rompuy, politician ( born 1947 ) and 1st permanent President of the European Council

Paul Henri Charles Spaak ( 25 January 1899 – 31 July 1972 ) was a Belgian Socialist politician and statesman, who served as Prime Minister of Belgium ( 1938 – 1939, 1946 and 1947 – 1949 ), as the first President of the United Nations General Assembly ( 1946 – 1957 ), as the first President of the Common Assembly of the European Coal and Steel Community ( 1952 – 1954 ), and as the second Secretary General of NATO ( 1957 – 1961 ).

The airline was established on 24 September 1947 as a joint venture between the colonial government of Cyprus, BEA ( British European Airways ), and private interests.

During the next four years, the conference established the machinery that saved untold numbers of lives, assisted in the post-war reconstruction of European Jewish life and helped spur public opinion to support the 1947 partition decision granting Jews a share of what was then Palestine.

Sandys was responsible for establishing the European Movement in Britain in 1947 and served as a member of the European Consultative Assembly in 1950 to 1951.

* 1947 – The " Indian Independence Bill " is presented before the British House of Commons, proposing the partition of the Provinces of British India into two sovereign countries – India and Pakistan.

Dogra Rule, under the paramountcy ( or tutelage ) of the British Crown, lasted until 1947, when the former princely state became a disputed territory, now administered by three countries: India, Pakistan, and the People's Republic of China.

Initially Britain had supported the anti-communist factions in those countries, but due to its dire economic condition it decided to pull out and in February 1947 requested the U. S. to continue its efforts.

In 1947, 23 countries agreed to the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade to promote free trade.

Victor Lustig ( January 4, 1890 – March 11, 1947 ) was a con artist who undertook scams in various countries and became best known as " The man who sold the Eiffel Tower.

Sikhs have emigrated to many countries of the world since Indian independence in 1947.

Australia was one of the founders of both the United Nations and the South Pacific Commission ( 1947 ), and in 1950, it proposed the Colombo Plan to assist developing countries in Asia.

Canada was one of the 33 countries ( including only four Commonwealth members ) that voted in favour of the 1947 UN partition resolution that lead to the creation of the State of Israel, thus beginning a longstanding relationship with the Jewish state based on a shared commitment to democratic values, understanding, and mutual respect.

Kennan was also involved, along with others in the Truman administration, in creating the Marshall Plan, which also began in 1947, to give aid to the countries of Western Europe ( along with Greece and Turkey ), in large part with the hope of keeping them from falling under Soviet domination.

At a late September 1947 meeting of all communist parties in Szklarska Poręba, Eastern Bloc communist parties were blamed for permitting even minor influence by non-communists in their respective countries during the run up to the Marshall Plan.

Similar movements concurrently formed in many other countries, leading to the formation, at a 1947 meeting in Montreux, Switzerland, of a global coalition, now called World Federalist Movement.

In 1947, the festival was held as the " Festival du film de Cannes ", where films from sixteen countries were presented.

Since the partition of British India in 1947 and creation of India and Pakistan, the two South Asian countries have been involved in four wars, including one undeclared war, as well as many border skirmishes and military stand-offs.

Avnery's early political thought was influenced by Canaanism ; in 1947 he proposed a union of the countries in the " Semitic region ": Palestine, Transjordan, Lebanon, Syria, and Iraq.

During private cabinet meetings with President Truman in 1946 and 1947, Forrestal had argued against partition of Palestine on the grounds it would infuriate Arab countries who supplied oil needed for the U. S. economy and national defense.

In July 1947 he signed an agreement with the United Nations Refugee Organisation to accept displaced persons from European countries ravaged by war.

The title was revived by the FIA after World War II, and was first given to the Belgian Grand Prix in 1947, and was distributed across several countries until the 1977 British Grand Prix, the last race to receive the honorific title.

The two self-governing countries of India and Pakistan legally came into existence at the stroke of midnight on 14-15 August 1947.

On November 14, 1947, the Egyptian delegate at the United Nations stated that: ' The proposed solution might endanger a million Jews living in the Muslim countries.

Indeed, the UN declaration of partition, though it was generally met with by peaceful protests in Arab countries, provided the pretext for a pogrom in Aden soon after, on 2 December 1947, in which 82 Jews were killed.