Since becoming independent from Britain in February 1948, the economy of the country has been affected by natural disasters such as the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and a number of insurrections, such as the 1971, the 1987-89 and the 1983-2009 civil war.

Her death deeply affected him and he would later pay tribute to her in his 1948 poem " In Memory of Kathleen.

His latter three-term presidency ( August 1948 to April 1960 ) remains controversial, affected by Cold War tensions on the Korean peninsula and elsewhere.

Although the 1936 – 1939 Arab revolt in Palestine was unsuccessful, its consequences affected the outcome of the 1948 Arab-Israeli war.

From 1948, this was one of the most affected departments by an armed conflict known as La Violencia, with casualties and damages to property in all municipalities.

A month after the composer had received the Lenin Prize, a Central Committee resolution " correcting the errors " of the 1948 decree restored all those affected by it to official favor, blaming their treatment on " J. V.

The placement of the border markers along the definitive border line indicated by the Rio Protocol was not concluded when the Ecuadorians withdrew from the demarcation commissions in 1948, arguing inconsistencies between the geographical realities on the ground and the instructions of the Protocol, a situation that according to Ecuador made it impossible to implement the Protocol until Peru agreed to negotiate a proper line in the affected area.

As a result, by 1948 holding companies had voluntarily divested themselves of assets worth approximately $ 12 billion and the number of subsidiaries controlled by affected holding companies was reduced from 1, 983 to 303.

* 1948 – The House Un-American Activities Committee holds first-ever televised congressional hearing: " Confrontation Day " between Whittaker Chambers and Alger Hiss.

The 11th Batallion of Chasseurs alpins was garrisonned at Barcelonnette between 1948 and 1990.

British Railways ( BR ), which from 1965 traded as British Rail, was the operator of most of the rail transport in Great Britain between 1948 and 1997.

One way was greater cooperation between groups, such as the Edinburgh Missionary Conference of Protestants in 1910, the Justice, Peace and Creation Commission of the World Council of Churches founded in 1948 by Protestant and Orthodox churches, and similar national councils like the National Council of Churches in Australia which includes Roman Catholics.

After disagreements between Yugoslavian leader Josip Broz Tito and the Soviet Union regarding Greece and the People's Republic of Albania, a Tito-Stalin split occurred, followed by Yugoslavia being expelled from the Cominform in June 1948 and a brief failed Soviet putsch in Belgrade.

One of the highlights of the AAFC years was a contest between the 49ers and Browns in 1948.

The running track was used for dirt track racing between 1928 and 1932, greyhound racing from 1933 to 1968, and Midget car racing in 1948.

Dutch physicists Hendrik B. G. Casimir and Dirk Polder at Philips Research Labs proposed the existence of a force between two polarizable atoms and between such an atom and a conducting plate in 1947, and, after a conversation with Niels Bohr who suggested it had something to do with zero-point energy, Casimir alone formulated the theory predicting a force between neutral conducting plates in 1948 ; the former is called the Casimir-Polder force while the latter is the Casimir effect in the narrow sense.

On 13 July 1948, the Coptic Church of Alexandria and the Ethiopian Orthodox Church reached an agreement concerning the relationship between the two churches.

The state of war between both countries which dated back from the 1948 Arab – Israeli War ended in 1979 with the Egyptian – Israeli Peace Treaty a year after the Camp David Accords.

Then, on 1 July 1948, Tirana called on all Yugoslav technical advisors to leave the country and unilaterally declared all treaties and agreements between the two countries null and void.

The 1948 Marshall Plan and strong cultural ties have crafted a strong bond between the two countries, although Schröder's very vocal opposition to the Iraq War suggested the end of Atlanticism and a relative cooling of German-American relations.

Iraq participated in the Arab-Israeli wars of 1948, 1967 and 1973, and traditionally has opposed all attempts to reach a peaceful settlement between Israel and the Arab States.

And from the 1948 Arab – Israeli War until the early 1970s, 800, 000 – 1, 000, 000 Jews left, fled, or were expelled from their homes in Arab countries ; 260, 000 of them reached Israel between 1948 and 1951 ; and 600, 000 by 1972.

* April 1948 the Deir Yassin massacre carried out by the Irgun and Lehi, killed between 107 and 120 Palestinian villagers, the estimate generally accepted by scholars.

Eric D. Weitz wrote, " By 1948, according to Nicolas Werth, the mortality rate of the 600, 000 people deported from the Caucasus between 1943 and 1944 had reached 25 %.

Senator Philip Le Feuvre topped the poll in 1948 on a platform of implementing Social SecurityThe first election under the new constitution saw a struggle for dominance between the Jersey Democratic Movement and the Jersey Progressive Party, led by Cyril Le Marquand.

* 1994 – Israel and Jordan sign the Washington Declaration, which formally ends the state of war that had existed between the nations since 1948.

* 1948 – Start of the Berlin Blockade: the Soviet Union makes overland travel between West Germany and West Berlin impossible.

* 1955 – The USSR and Yugoslavia sign the Belgrade declaration and thus normalize relations between both countries, discontinued since 1948.

Kashmir was a disputed territory between India and Pakistan, the two having gone to war with each other over the state in 1948.

In 1948, between missions of mine clearance, underwater exploration and technological and physiological tests, Cousteau undertook a first campaign in the Mediterranean on board the sloop Élie Monnier, with Philippe Tailliez, Frédéric Dumas, Jean Alinat and the scenario writer Marcel Ichac.

Since their establishment as a Major League franchise in 1901, the Indians have won two World Series championships, in 1920 and 1948.

Originally the IDF issued two circular aluminium tags ( 1948 – late 1950s ) stamped in 3 lines with Serial number, Family Name, and First Name.

Since its unification with Pakistan, the East Pakistan Army had consisted of only one infantry brigade, which was made up of two battalions, the 1st East Bengal Regiment and the 1 / 14 or 3 / 8 Punjab Regiment in 1948.

In two 1936 patent applications, Konrad Zuse also anticipated that machine instructions could be stored in the same storage used for data — the key insight of what became known as the von Neumann architecture, first implemented in the British SSEM of 1948.

Clause 3. provided that " Independent Arab and Jewish States and the Special International Regime for the City of Jerusalem ... shall come into existence in Palestine two months after the evacuation of the armed forces of the mandatory Power has been completed but in any case not later than 1 October 1948.

TERMINATION OF MANDATE, PARTITION AND INDEPENDENCE: Clause 3. provides :- Independent Arab and Jewish States and the Special International Regime for the City of Jerusalem, ..., shall come into existence in Palestine two months after the evacuation of the armed forces of the mandatory Power has been completed but in any case not later than 1 October 1948.

The 1948 first edition of Sexual Behavior in the Human Male, the first of the two Kinsey reports.

The Kinsey Reports are two books on human sexual behavior, Sexual Behavior in the Human Male ( 1948 ) and Sexual Behavior in the Human Female ( 1953 ), by Dr. Alfred Kinsey, Wardell Pomeroy and others and published by Saunders.

In the last days of 1948, a ceasefire was agreed under UN auspices, but since the plebiscite demanded by the UN was never conducted, relations between India and Pakistan soured, and eventually led to two more wars over Kashmir in 1965 and 1999.

There have been two major floods, the largest in 1894 and the second largest in 1948.

Black September called the operation " Ikrit and Biram ", after two Christian Palestinian villages whose inhabitants were expelled by the Haganah in 1948.

A United Nations – supervised election held in 1948 led to the creation of separate Korean governments for the two occupation zones, the Democratic People's Republic of Korea in the north, and the Republic of Korea in the south.

Between 1948 – 1950, the headquarters of the United Nations Reliefs and Works Agency ( UNRWA ) was located there and two years later, its owner turned it into a luxury hotel called " The New Orient House ".

) By the late 1940s, head coach Earle " Greasy " Neale and running back Steve Van Buren led the team to three consecutive NFL Championship Games, winning two of them in 1948 and 1949.

Those two championships mark the Eagles as the only NFL team ever to win back-to-back championships by shutouts, defeating the Chicago Cardinals, 7 – 0, in 1948 — in a blizzard — and the Los Angeles Rams, 14 – 0, in 1949.

It took Porsche two years, starting with the first prototype in 1948, to manufacture the first 50 automobiles.

This led in 1948 to the establishment of two separate governments, each claiming to be the legitimate government of all of Korea.

The Saar Protectorate was headed by a military governor from 30 August 1945: Gilbert Yves Édmond Grandval ( b. 1904 – d. 1981 ), who remained on 1 January 1948 as High Commissioner, and January 1952 – June 1955 as the first of two French ambassadors, his successor being Eric de Carbonnel ( b. 1910 – d. 1965 ) until 1956.

In 1948, two years after the group's conception, the troupe had grown to 60 women with 16 forming an orchestra.

The concept of Tax Freedom Day was developed in 1948 by Florida businessman Dallas Hostetler, who trademarked the phrase " Tax Freedom Day " and calculated it each year for the next two decades.