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In 1949, early in the Cold War, alleging Communist domination of the WFTU's central institutions, a large number of non-communist national trade union federations ( including the U. S. AFL-CIO, the British TUC, the French FO, the Italian CISL and the Spanish UGT ) seceded and created the rival ICFTU at a conference in London attended by representatives of nearly 48 million members in 53 countries.
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1949 and early
Bohr worked at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton in early 1948, and later at Columbia University from January 1949 to August 1950.
Wills recalled the early days of what became known as Western swing music in a 1949 interview.
In the early morning of December 10, 1949, Communist troops laid siege to Chengdu, the last KMT controlled city in mainland China, where Chiang Kai-shek and his son Chiang Ching-kuo directed the defense at the Chengdu Central Military Academy.
From the beginning of Communist rule in 1949, until the 1980s, when China was in the early years of economic reform, the focus was largely on peasant life, as interpreted via the officially sanctioned Marxist theory of class struggle.
Fishing vessels were major post-war users, but it was also used on aircraft, including a very early ( 1949 ) application of moving-map displays.
In the late 19th-and early 20th centuries, although some boundary agreements were signed between Great Britain, Afghanistan and Russia over the northern borders of Kashmir, China never accepted these agreements, and the official Chinese position did not change with the communist revolution in 1949.
In the early 20th century, people like Ordway Tead ( 1891 – 1973 ), Walter Scott and J. Mooney applied the principles of psychology to management, while other writers, such as Elton Mayo ( 1880 – 1949 ), Mary Parker Follett ( 1868 – 1933 ), Chester Barnard ( 1886 – 1961 ), Max Weber ( 1864 – 1920 ), Rensis Likert ( 1903 – 1981 ), and Chris Argyris ( 1923-) approached the phenomenon of management from a sociological perspective.
The consolidation of Syngman Rhee's government in the South with American military support and the suppression of the October 1948 insurrection ended hopes that the country could be reunified by way of Stalinist revolution in the South, and from early 1949 Kim sought Soviet and Chinese support for a military campaign to reunify the country by force.
González joined Moríñigo in exile early in 1949, and Chaves became president in 1950 as the military finally allowed power to pass to the democráticos.
As early as 1949, the youth wing of the African National Congress ( ANC ) advocated the abolishment of Apartheid and suggested fighting against racial segregation by various methods.
In early 1949, the first American transcontinental two-way RTTY QSO was accomplished on 11 meters using AFSK between Tom McMullen ( W1QVF ) operating at W1AW and Johnny Agalsoff, W6PSW.
Taiwan has historically benefited from the flight of many well-educated, wealthy Chinese to settle on the island: during early Qing Dynasty, the preceding Ming dynasty supporters survived for a brief period of time in exile in Taiwan, and in 1949, as the Chinese Communist Party gained control of mainland China, two million Kuomintang ( KMT ) supporters fled to the island.
The Inklings was an informal literary discussion group associated with the University of Oxford, England, for nearly two decades between the early 1930s and late 1949.
In early 1949, the war was winding down in Israel's favor, and Arafat returned to Cairo from a lack of logistical support.
The Men Who Tread on the Tiger's Tail ( 1945 ), and the post-war Drunken Angel ( 1948 ), and Stray Dog ( 1949 ), directed by Akira Kurosawa are considered important early works leading to his first masterpieces of the 1950s.
The project was carried out from 1947 until early 1949.
Two early examples are the " vapourization " of " unpersons " in George Orwell's 1949 dystopian novel Nineteen Eighty-Four (" He did not exist ; he never existed "); and the reference to the Egyptian practice in the 1956 movie The Ten Commandments, in which the Pharaoh Seti orders the name of Moses be struck from every building and never mentioned by anyone.
This early vision, based in the Picturesque movement, took over a century, and much controversy, to take legal form in the UK with the National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act 1949.
In 1949, RCA engineers worked on the first primitive computer-type OCR to help blind people for the US Veterans Administration, but instead of converting the printed characters to machine language, their device converted it to machine language and then spoke the letters: an early text-to-speech technology.
In its early years, the GAC provided a number of controversial decisions, notably its decision against building the hydrogen bomb in 1949.
Johnson's early influence as a practicing architect was his use of glass ; his masterpiece was the Glass House ( 1949 ) he designed as his own residence in New Canaan, Connecticut, a profoundly influential work.
Influenced from an early age by the Swiss modernist, Le Corbusier, Tange gained international recognition in 1949 when he won the competition for the design of Hiroshima Peace Memorial Park.
The Huaihai Campaign of late 1948 and early 1949 secured east-central China for the CPC.
On December 8, 1949, the Nationalist capital was moved from Chengdu to Taipei, and early on December 10, 1949, Communist troops laid siege to Chengdu, the last KMT controlled city on mainland China.
1949 and Cold
* Cold Stone Jug ( 1949 ) ISBN 0-7981-3981-1 Human & Rousseau
In the context of the Cold War, Luxembourg clearly opted for the West by joining the North Atlantic Treaty Organization ( NATO ) in 1949, thus renouncing its traditional neutrality, which had determined its international policy since the founding of the state.
" The colonial struggle in Vietnam became part of the global Cold War in October 1949 when a victorious Chinese communist army arrived on Vietnam's northern border.
As United States Secretary of State in the administration of President Harry S. Truman from 1949 to 1953, he played a central role in defining American foreign policy during the Cold War.
The orchestra underwent a crisis between 1949 and 1952 because Russell, who had been the leading force in keeping the orchestra going during the war years, came under pressure in the Cold War years because of his communist beliefs.
*" Baby, It's Cold Outside " from the M-G-M picture " Neptune's Daughter " ( 1949 ).
He won the 1949 Academy Award for Best Music, Original Song, " Baby, It's Cold Outside ".
Mitford wrote sequels to the novel, Love in a Cold Climate ( 1949 ) and Don't Tell Alfred ( 1960 ).
Love in a Cold Climate is a novel by Nancy Mitford, first published in 1949.
In the post – World War II years, as the Cold War heightened tensions, he was fired from City College of New York in 1949 due to accusations that he had been a Communist.
Founded as an anti-communist propaganda source during the Cold War, RFE / RL was headquartered at Englischer Garten in Munich, Germany, from 1949 to 1995.
By 1949, however, the United States became concerned about the spread of communism in Asia, particularly following the end of the Chinese Civil War, and began to strongly support the French as the two countries were bound by the Cold War Mutual Defense Programme.
A sequel, Conference at Cold Comfort Farm, was published in 1949 to mixed reviews.
Because of the Cold War, the United States continued to recognize the Kuomintang-led Republic of China as the sole legitimate government of all of China from 1949 until 1979.
Seldes published The People Don't Know on the origins of the Cold War in 1949.
It was first published in 1949 and collected in his first book of poetry, In Cold Hell, in Thicket ( 1953 ).
*" Baby, It's Cold Outside " ( duet with Johnny Mercer, 1949 )
By 1949 the Cold War had hardened the lines, with NATO confronting Stain's Warsaw Bloc.
This choice of a work by a committed fascist sympathizer infuriated many people in Cold War America, and political pressure led the Congress to end the Library of Congress involvement in the program and return the unused portion of the grant to the Bollingen Foundation in 1949.
Falling victim to Cold War tensions, JDC was expelled from Romania, Poland, and Bulgaria in 1949, from Czechoslovakia in 1950, and from Hungary in 1953.
* The Economic Crisis and the Cold War: Reports Presented to a Conference on ' Managed Economy ,' the ' Cold War ,' and the Developing Economic Crisis New York: New century Publishers 1949
On the international stage, the second half of the 20th century was dominated by the Cold War between the Soviet Union and its socialist allies and the United States and its capitalist allies ; the U. K. was a key supporter of the latter, joining the anti-Soviet military alliance NATO in 1949.
During the Cold War, missions consisted in assistance to Free World allies according to the Mutual Defense Assistance Act of 1949.
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