His Fender Precision Bass, introduced in 1951, became a widely copied industry standard.

The steel industry was nationalised in 1951.

Kodak discontinued the manufacture of nitrate base in 1951, and the industry transitioned entirely to safety film in 1951 in the United States and by 1955 internationally.

An isolated, agrarian society until the mid-20th century, Nepal entered the modern era in 1951 without schools, hospitals, roads, telecommunications, electric power, industry, or civil service.

Health and medical propaganda films include The Pace That Kills ( 1935, cocaine ), The Terrible Truth ( 1951, Sid Davis, anti-marijuana / heroine ), Case Study series by Lockheed Aircraft Corporation ( 1969, amphetamines, barbituates, heroine, LSD ), Hoxsey: Quacks Who Cure Cancer ( 1988 ) about the Hoxsey Therapy, The Beautiful Truth ( 2008 ) about the Gerson method for treating cancer, the anti-vaccine The Greater Good, Burzynski The Movie: Cancer Is Serious Business ( 2010 ), and Michael Moore's Sicko ( 2007 ) about the health care industry.

British Petroleum, privatised in 1987, was officially nationalised in 1951, and there was further government intervention during the 1974 – 79 Labour Government Anthony Crosland said that in 1956, 25 per cent of British industry was nationalised, and that public employees, including those in nationalised industries, constituted a similar percentage of the country's total employed population.

As a critic of both fascism and what he called the culture industry, his writings — such as Dialectic of Enlightenment ( 1947 ), Minima Moralia ( 1951 ) and Negative Dialectics ( 1966 )— strongly influenced the European New Left.

Early studies by Bain ( 1951 ; 1956 ) hypothesized a positive relationship between industry concentration, barriers to entry and profits.

Allied dismantling policy changed in late 1946 to mid 1947, although heavy industry continued to be dismantled until 1951.

But before he was permanently retired, Oswald made a final cameo appearance in The Woody Woodpecker Polka ( 1951 ), also in three-strip Technicolor, which by then had become the norm in the cartoon industry.

Louis signed with Columbia records in the fall of 1951 to keep up with the rapid changes in the marketing industry.

In 1951 Larry Parks was summoned to appear before the House Committee on Un-American Activities, under threat of being blacklisted in the movie industry, but he begged not to be forced to testify.

Mohammad Mosaddegh: was the Prime Minister of Iran from 1951 until being overthrown in a coup d ' état in 1953. His administration introduced a wide range of social and political reforms but is most notable for its nationalization of the Iranian oil industry, which had been under British control since 1913 through the Anglo-Persian Oil Company ( APOC / AIOC ) ( later British Petroleum or BP ). Mosaddegh received his Licence en Droit as well as his Doctor of law from the University of Neuchâtel in Switzerland.

By 1951, Harman and Ising were back together and making industrial and commercial films such as the 1951 film " Good Wrinkles " made for the California prune industry.

On 3 March 1951 he appeared before the Majlis ( parliament ) in an attempt to persuade the deputies against " full nationalization on the grounds that Iran could not override its international obligations and lacked the capacity to run the oil industry on its own.

After negotiations for higher oil royalties failed, on 15 March and 20 March 1951, the Iranian Majlis and Senate voted to nationalize the British-owned and operated AIOC, taking control of Iran's oil industry.

In early April 1951 the party organised nationwide strikes and riots in protest against delays in nationalization of the oil industry along with low wages and bad housing in the oil industry.

" From about 1951 to 1962, Yip Harburg was a victim of the Hollywood blacklist when movie studio bosses blacklisted industry people for actual or suspected involvement or sympathy with the American Communist Party.

In 1951, MGM producer Sam Zimbalist cleverly used the lower production costs, use of frozen funds and the expertise of the Italian film industry to shoot the large scale epic Quo Vadis in Rome.

Notably in Dundee, the centre of the British jute industry, more than 40. 4 % of the working population had worked in the jute industry in 1911, but by 1951 this had fallen to just 18. 5 %.

In Forfar, however this trend was not followed as percentage of the workforce employed in the jute industry had actually risen to 24. 4 % by 1951.

Concurrently with the development of the Sparrow I, in 1951, Raytheon began work on the semi-active radar homing version of Sparrow family of missiles, the AAM-N-6 Sparrow III.

While the electric bass guitar was used intermittently in jazz as early as 1951, beginning in the 1970s bassist Bob Cranshaw, playing with saxophonist Sonny Rollins, and fusion pioneers Jaco Pastorius and Stanley Clarke began to commonly substitute the bass guitar for the upright bass.

Campbell began his speed record attempts using his father's old boat Bluebird K4, but after a structural failure at on Coniston Water, Lancashire in 1951, and the death of John Cobb, who was killed in 1952 trying to break the water speed record, he decided that he would develop a new boat.

After travelling to Paris for a script conference with Rossellini on Europa ' 51, Fellini began production on The White Sheik in September 1951, his first solo-directed feature.

The modern history of independent Libya began in 1951.

Aaron's minor league career began on November 20, 1951, when baseball scout Ed Scott signed Aaron to a contract on behalf of the Indianapolis Clowns of the Negro American League.

His first marriage to Betty Ebeling began in February 1951 and ended in divorce on January 5, 1967 ; during this time his hobbies included sport fishing off the Baja California coast and duck hunting along the Mexican border near Mexicali.

Research into fusion for military purposes began in the early 1940s as part of the Manhattan Project, but this was not accomplished until 1951 ( see the Greenhouse Item nuclear test ), and nuclear fusion on a large scale in an explosion was first carried out on November 1, 1952, in the Ivy Mike hydrogen bomb test.

Production of an initial batch of 250 began in 1951, but it became clear that they could not be made at a competitive price besides which the advent of transistor radios with their much lower power requirements meant that the original rationale for the set was disappearing.

That is how the Dave Brubeck Quartet had its start, a group that began in 1951 and ended in December 1967.

In 1951, Cleveland, Ohio disc jockey Alan Freed began playing this music style while popularizing the phrase to describe it.

Pope Pius XII issued no new typical edition of the Roman Missal, but authorized printers to replace the earlier texts for Palm Sunday, Holy Thursday, Good Friday and the Easter Vigil with those that he began to introduce in 1951 and that he made universally obligatory in 1955.

In 1951, Little Richard Penniman began recording for RCA Records in the jump blues style of late 1940s stars Roy Brown and Billy Wright.

Connery began bodybuilding at the age of 18 and from 1951 time trained heavily with Ellington, a former gym instructor in the British army.

In 1948 he announced that he would bequeath this collection to the Trustees of the National Theatre, and from 1951, some 14 years before his death, his paintings began their exhibition life.

In 1951, the German engineer Felix Wankel began development of the engine at NSU Motorenwerke AG, where he first conceived his rotary engine in 1954 ( DKM 54, Drehkolbenmotor ).

In 1951, Libya became the first African country to gain independence in the decade, and in 1954 the Algerian War began.

Pierre Servais at Casterman, a Belgian publishing company, began to notice Marlier's drawings in 1951.

However usage defied the trend and bounced back in 1951, but began a gradual decline in usage which would continue until 1970.

The waters of the Jordan River are an important resource to the dry lands in the area and are a source of conflict among Lebanon, Syria, Jordan, Israel and the Palestinians which began with 1951 Syrian border clashes.

The first vessels purpose-built to carry containers began operation in Denmark in 1951.

In the U. S., ships began carrying containers in 1951, between Seattle and Alaska.

Haley began his rock and roll career with what is now recognized as a rockabilly style in a cover of " Rocket 88 " recorded for the Philadelphia-based Holiday Records label in 1951.

Nimoy's film and television acting career began in 1951, but after receiving the title role in the 1952 film Kid Monk Baroni, a story about a street punk turned professional boxer, he played more than 50 small parts in B movies, TV shows such as Perry Mason, and Dragnet, and serials such as Republic Pictures ' Zombies of the Stratosphere ( 1952 ).

In 1951, the Knights of Columbus, the world's largest Catholic fraternal service organization, also began including the words " under God " in the Pledge of Allegiance.