* 1873 – Otto Loewi, German pharmacologist, Nobel Prize laureate ( d. 1961 )

The presence of such a gap suggested communication via chemical messengers traversing the synaptic cleft, and in 1921 German pharmacologist Otto Loewi ( 1873 – 1961 ) confirmed that neurons can communicate by releasing chemicals.

* 1961 – Joel Otto, American ice hockey player turned coach

* June 3 – Otto Loewi, German-born pharmacologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine ( d. 1961 )

For example, the 1961 Russian adaptation Ukroshchenie stroptivoy directed by Sergei Kolosov ; the 1964 French adaptation La mégère apprivoisée, directed by Pierre Badel, which aired on RTF ; the 1971 Polish adaptation Poskromienie złośnicy, directed by Zygmunt Hübner, which aired on TVP1 ; the 1974 German adaptation Der Widerspenstigen Zähmung, directed by Otto Schenk, which aired on Das Erste ; the 1975 Dutch adaptation De getemde feeks, directed by Robert Lussac and Senne Rouffaer, which aired on KRO ; another Dutch production, from 1990, under the same name, directed by Berend Boudewijn and Dirk Tanghe, which also aired on KRO ; and the 1990 Polish adaptation Poskromienie złośnicy, directed by Michał Kwieciński, which aired on TVP1.

* Most fumbles recovered, game: 4 ; Otto Graham, Cleveland Browns vs. New York Giants, October 25, 1953 ; Sam Etcheverry, St. Louis Cardinals vs. New York Giants, September 17, 1961 ; Roman Gabriel, Los Angeles Rams vs. San Francisco 49ers, October 12, 1969 ; Joe Ferguson, Buffalo Bills vs. Miami Dolphins, September 18, 1977 ; Randall Cunningham, Philadelphia Eagles vs. Oakland Raiders, November 30, 1986 ( OT ).

In a declaration dated 31 May 1961, Otto renounced all claims to the Austrian throne and proclaimed himself " a loyal citizen of the republic ", a move that he made only after much hesitation and certainly " for purely practical reasons ".

* Otto In Africa ( 1961 ): Further adventures of Otto the giant dog.

* Otto Kerner, Jr. ( D ), governor from 1961 to 1968 ; Stratton's successor and later a judge on the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit, was convicted of 17 counts of bribery, conspiracy, perjury, and income-tax charges from his time as governor, and received 3 years in prison and a $ 50, 000 fine in 1973.

Later recipients include Arthur Compton ( 1954 ), Hermann Hesse ( 1954 ), Albert Schweitzer ( 1954 ), Thomas Mann ( 1955 ), Oskar Kokoschka ( 1955 ), Carl Orff ( 1956 ), Erwin Schrödinger ( 1956 ), Thornton Wilder ( 1956 ), Karl Schmidt-Rottluff ( 1956 ), Werner Heisenberg ( 1957 ), Gerhard Ritter ( 1957 ), Ludwig Mies van der Rohe ( 1957 ), Percy Ernst Schramm ( 1958 ), Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker ( 1961 ), Karl Jaspers ( 1964 ), Otto Klemperer ( 1967 ), Carl Zuckmayer ( 1967 ), Henry Moore ( 1972 ), Raymond Aron ( 1973 ), George F. Kennan ( 1976 ), Friedrich Hayek ( 1977 ), Karl Popper ( 1980 ), Eugène Ionesco ( 1983 ), Hans Bethe ( 1984 ), Gordon A. Craig ( 1990 ), Rudolf Mößbauer ( 1996 ), Umberto Eco ( 1998 ), Hans Magnus Enzensberger ( 1999 ), and Wim Wenders ( 2005 ).

Such names as Karl Max von Bauernfeind, Rudolf Diesel, Claude Dornier, Walther von Dyck, Hans Fischer ( Nobel prize for Chemistry 1930 ), Ernst Otto Fischer ( Nobel prize for Chemistry 1973 ), August Föppl, Robert Huber ( Nobel prize for Chemistry 1988 ), Carl von Linde, Heinz Maier-Leibnitz, Walther Meissner, Rudolf Mössbauer ( 1961 Nobel prize for Physics ), Willy Messerschmitt ( aircraft designer ), Wilhelm Nusselt, Hans Piloty, Friedrich von Thiersch, Franz von Soxhlet are closely connected with the TUM.

* Brahms, Ein deutsches Requiem, with Otto Klemperer, the Philharmonia Orchestra and Elisabeth Schwarzkopf on the EMI label 1961 recorded at Kingsway Hall in March 1961

His son Otto Habsburg-Lothringen, who had used the title Archduke of Austria in his earlier life outside of Austria, in 1961 to be allowed to enter Austria declared himself a loyal citizen of the Republic of Austria ; from this date onward he was not pretender anymore.

In 1961 she stayed with Otto Skorzeny in Madrid.

Otto Loewi ( 3 June 1873 – 25 December 1961 ) was a German born pharmacologist whose discovery of acetylcholine helped enhance medical therapy.

* Otto Loewi ( 1873 – 1961 ), Nobel Prize 1936

Nathan's son ( Nathan Jr., 1889 – 1961 ) attended Princeton University and arrived in Heidelberg University in 1908 where he met a young art history scholar named Otto Frank.

In 1961, according to at least one source, Otto Otepka, then the Director of SY, brought to the attention of the United States Senate Internal Security Subcommittee deficiencies in the State Department clearance process.

From 1961 to 1967 he studied at the Düsseldorf Arts Academy under Karl Otto Götz, Gerhard Hoehme and deeply influenced by his teacher Joseph Beuys.

Otto Kerner, Jr. ( August 15, 1908 – May 9, 1976 ) was the 33rd Governor of Illinois from 1961 to 1968.

* Otto Klemperer-8 January 1961

* Maria Gertrudis van Enckevort, The Life and Work of Otto Huiswoud: Professional Revolutionary and Internationalist ( 1893 – 1961 ).

The process – carried out partly at “ revolutionary universities ” and partly within prisons – was investigated and reported upon by Robert Jay Lifton, then Research Professor of Psychiatry at Yale University: see Lifton ( 1961 ).

Until the formation of a national council in 1961, supporters and local groups had no formal voice in the national organisation, which until then had been led by the self-appointed executive committee.

In 1961, while a Recreation Leader and then Recreation Supervisor for the City of Newport Beach, CA he formulated and then began organizing Frisbee golf tournaments at nine of the City's playgrounds he supervised.

Apocryphal legend has it that in 1961, either Jack Liebowitz or Irwin Donenfeld of DC Comics ( then known as National Periodical Publications )

In 1961 Dino Risi directed Una vita difficile ( A Difficult Life ), then Il sorpasso ( The Easy Life ), now a cult-movie, followed by: I Mostri ( The Monsters, also known as 15 From Rome ), In nome del Popolo Italiano ( In the Name of the Italian People ) and Profumo di donna ( Scent of a Woman ).

You Bet Your Life debuted in October 1947 on radio on ABC ( which aired it from 1947 – 49 ), sponsored by costume jewelry manufacturer Allen Gellman ; and then on CBS ( 1949 – 50 ), and finally NBC, continuing until May 1961 — on radio only, 1947 – 1950 ; on both radio and television, 1950 – 1960 ; and on television only, 1960-1961.

Goa was invaded by India in 1961 and became an Indian state in 1987 ; East Timor was abandoned in 1975 and was then invaded by Indonesia.

After years of failed negotiations, Nehru authorized the Indian Army to liberate Goa in 1961 from Portuguese occupation, and then he formally annexed it to India.

" Although none of his attempts to kill Superman work permanently ( though a classic non-canonical story from 1961 entitled " The Death of Superman " has Luthor finally killing Superman after lulling him by pretending to go straight, although Supergirl then arrests him and he is exiled to the Phantom Zone ), Luthor routinely manages to escape from prison and threaten the world again.

Five months later in January 1960, after significant pressure from the NFL, the ownership group, along with Bernie Ridder, reneged on its agreement with the AFL and then was awarded the National Football League's 14th franchise with play to begin in 1961.

In 1961, U Thant, then Burma's Permanent Representative to the United Nations and former Secretary to the Prime Minister, was elected Secretary-General of the United Nations ; he was the first non-Westerner to head any international organization and would serve as UN Secretary-General for ten years.

Coltrane then departed to form his classic quartet, although he returned for some of the tracks on Davis ' 1961 album Someday My Prince Will Come.

* 1961 – Scores of Algerian protesters ( some claim up to 400 ) are massacred by the Paris police at the instigation of Nazi collaborator Maurice Papon, then chief of the Prefecture of Police.

The Eagles had a good 1961 season and then fell on hard times in 1962.

Created and developed in 1893 and introduced as " Brad's Drink ", it was later renamed as Pepsi-Cola on August 28, 1898, then to Pepsi in 1961.

Dag Hammarskjöld's former farm at Backåkra, close to Ystad in southern Sweden, was bought in 1957 as a summer residence by Hammarskjöld, then Secretary-General of the United Nations ( 1953 – 1961 ).

The armed forces were formed after independence in 1961, on the basis of elements of the former British Royal West African Frontier Force, then present in the country.

In the 1961 version of The Parent Trap, conversations between the twins were simulated by filming the actress ( Hayley Mills ) as she stood at the left of the frame facing right, then filming her again, standing at the right and facing left.

The U. S. Department of Veterans Affairs recognizes veterans that served in the country then known as the Republic of Vietnam from February 28, 1961 to May 7, 1975, as being eligible for such programs as the department's Readjustment Counseling Services program ( aka Vet Centers ).

He then cemented his reputation with a proof of the Poincaré conjecture for all dimensions greater than or equal to 5, published in 1961 ; in 1962 he generalized the ideas in a 107 page paper that established the h-cobordism theorem.

After serving in Cameroun ( 1958 – 1960 ), Marien went to the Ecole Militaire Préparatoire in Strasbourg, France and then to the Ecole Inter-armes at Coëtquidan Saint-Cyr in 1961.

Baran developed the concept of message block switching during his research at the RAND Corporation for the US Air Force into survivable communications networks, first presented to the Air Force in the summer of 1961 as briefing B-265 then published as RAND Paper P-2626 in 1962 and then including and expanding somewhat within a series of eleven papers titled On Distributed Communications in 1964.

Iraq sought to join the union between 1960 and 1961, and then reunite the union after 1963 with the proposal of Egypt, Iraq, and Syria reforming the UAR.