Steps towards reconciliation on a global level were taken in 1965 by the Roman Catholic and Orthodox churches mutually revoking the excommunications that marked their Great Schism in 1054 ; the Anglican Roman Catholic International Commission ( ARCIC ) working towards full communion between those churches since 1970 ; and the Lutheran and Roman Catholic churches signing The Joint Declaration on the Doctrine of Justification in 1999 to address conflicts at the root of the Protestant Reformation.

In 1965 Pope Paul VI decreed in his motu proprio Ad Purpuratorum Patrum that patriarchs of the Eastern Catholic Churches who were named cardinals would also be part of the episcopal order, ranked after the six cardinal bishops of the suburbicarian sees ( who had been relieved of direct responsibilities for those sees by Pope John XXIII three years earlier ).

This method ( and the general idea of an FFT ) was popularized by a publication of J. W. Cooley and J. W. Tukey in 1965, but it was later discovered ( Heideman & Burrus, 1984 ) that those two authors had independently re-invented an algorithm known to Carl Friedrich Gauss around 1805 ( and subsequently rediscovered several times in limited forms ).

He surprised those who expected him to be a caretaker Pope by calling the historic Second Vatican Council ( 1962 – 1965 ).

It is claimed that property destruction during the Watts Riots in the United States in 1965 influenced the practical and ideological approach of the RAF founders as well as some of those in Situationist circles.

In ancient China, sieges of city walls ( along with naval battles ) were portrayed on bronze ' hu ' vessels, like those found in Chengdu, Sichuan in 1965 which have been dated to the Warring States Period ( 5th century BC to 3rd century BC ).

Some very extreme tendencies of a minority of adherents to Ultramontanism however, especially those attributing to the Roman Pontiff, even in his private opinions, of absolute infallibility even in matters beyond faith and morals, and impeccability, survived and were eagerly used by opponents of the Catholic Church and papacy before the Second Vatican Council ( 1962 – 1965 ) for use in their propaganda.

Five of the British North America Acts were enacted by the Parliament of Canada ; namely those of 1952, 1965, 1974, 1975, and 1975 ( No. 2 ).

This term was coined by IBM for the design of the System / 360 ( ca, 1965 ) and continues to be used in those environments today.

However, they turned this around in 1965 by turning those former full-sizes into " new " mid-size models ; Dodge revived the Coronet nameplate in this way and later added a sporty fastback version called the Charger that became both a sales leader and a winner on the NASCAR circuit.

Increases in national insurance benefits in 1965, 1967, 1968 and 1969 ensured that those dependant on state benefits saw their disposable incomes rise faster than manual wage earners, while income differentials between lower income and higher income workers were marginally narrowed.

However, in 2012, the U. S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ( CDC ) recommended a single screening test for those born between 1945 and 1965.

* Generation X ( also known as the 13th Generation and the Baby Busters ) is the generation generally defined as those born after the baby boom ended, from 1965 to 1981.

The most significant change occurred when the Hart-Celler Act of 1965 eliminated highly restrictive " national origins " quotas, designed, among other things, to restrict immigration of those of Asian racial background.

Local Government reform in England in 1965 led to the appointment of lieutenants to Greater London and Huntingdon and Peterborough, and the abolition of those of the County of London, Middlesex and Huntingdonshire.

* See 1965 Governor General's Awards for a complete list of winners and finalists for those awards.

X-bar theory is a component of linguistic theory which attempts to identify syntactic features presumably common to all those human languages that fit in a presupposed ( 1965 ) framework.

Teilhard's term recurs in later writings, such as those of John Godolphin Bennett ( 1965 ), John David Garcia ( 1971 ), Paolo Soleri ( 1981 ), Frank Tipler ( 1994 ), and Ray Kurzweil, as well as in science fiction literature.

At the same time, there have been a number of miscarriages of justice since 1965 where someone convicted of murder has later had their conviction quashed on appeal and been released from prison, strengthening the argument of those who oppose the death penalty's reintroduction.

Between 1965 and 1970, wheat yields nearly doubled in Pakistan and India, greatly improving the food security in those nations.

This was used and cited the most often in cases of inmates who had been given the death penalty: from 1965 to 1993 ( when the death penalty was formally abolished ) those who were sentenced to death were automatically commuted to life imprisonment under the Royal Prerogative.

He lost to WBA heavyweight champion Ernie Terrell in 1965 and to former WBA champion Jimmy Ellis in 1971, with both of those fights taking place at Maple Leaf Gardens.

For time-series research, the knowledge gap hypothesis expects that “ over time, acquisition of knowledge of a heavily publicized topic will proceed at a slower rate among better educated persons than among those with less education .” Tichenor, Donohue, and Olien ( 1970 ) tested this hypothesis using public opinion surveys gathered between 1949 and 1965 measuring whether participants believed humans would reach the Moon in the foreseeable future.

By 1965, Rocketdyne built the vast majority of US rocket engines, excepting those of the Titan rocket, and its payroll had grown to 65, 000.

* 1965 – Pope Paul VI and Patriarch Athenagoras simultaneously revoke mutual excommunications that had been in place since 1054.

In 1965, Pope Paul VI and Patriarch Athenagoras I " consigned these excommunications to oblivion.

This aircraft, which was planned for initial operational use about 1965, would be complementary to but likewise competitive with the four strategic ballistic missile systems, all of which are scheduled to become available earlier.

" Six buildings, built between 1942 and 1965, are National Historic Landmarks, and approximately 60 other buildings sustain the Bartholomew County seat's reputation as a showcase of modern architecture.

" The attempt by some twentieth-century Catholic theologians to present the Eucharistic change as an alteration of significance ( transignification rather than transubstantiation ) was rejected by Pope Paul VI in his 1965 encyclical letter Mysterium fidei In his 1968 Credo of the People of God, he reiterated that any theological explanation of the doctrine must hold to the twofold claim that, after the consecration, 1 ) Christ's body and blood are really present ; and 2 ) bread and wine are really absent ; and this presence and absence is real and not merely something in the mind of the believer.

* 1965 – Vietnam War: The first United States combat troops are sent to South Vietnam.

Polish director, Wojciech Has, whose two major films, The Saragossa Manuscript ( 1965 ) and The Hour-Glass Sanatorium ( 1973 ) are examples of modernist fantasies, has been compared to Fellini for the sheer " luxuriance of his images ".

It was created as an area for local government on 1 April 1965, comprising the City of London and 32 London boroughs, of which twelve are Inner London boroughs and twenty are Outer London boroughs.

The Painted Bird, Kosiński's controversial 1965 novel, is a fictional account that depicts the personal experiences of a boy of unknown religious and ethnic background who wanders around unidentified areas of Eastern Europe during World War II and takes refuge among a series of people, many of whom are brutally cruel and abusive, either to him or to others.

* Some Sword and planet series, such as Michael Moorcock's Kane of Old Mars trilogy ( 1965 ) and Lin Carter's Mysteries of Mars ( 1973 – 1984 ) are deliberately anachronistic homages to earlier visions of Mars, particularly Burroughs '.

There are some rare variations of keyboards with more or fewer than 12 keys per octave, mostly used in microtonal music, after the discoveries and theoretical developments of musician and inventor Julián Carrillo ( 1875 – 1965 ).

It separated from Malaysia in 1965 after the federal Malaysian government insisted on giving special privileges to the Malays as part of their " birthright " as an " indigenous " people ( the majority, 76 %, of the island's population are Chinese ).

* 1965 – Several U. S. states and parts of Canada are hit by a series of blackouts lasting up to 13 hours in the Northeast Blackout of 1965.

* 1965 – Vietnam War: The Pentagon tells U. S. President Lyndon B. Johnson that if planned operations are to succeed, the number of American troops in Vietnam has to be increased from 120, 000 to 400, 000.

While works such as Susan Zuccotti's Under His Very Windows: The Vatican and the Holocaust in Italy ( 2000 ) and Michael Phayer's The Catholic Church and the Holocaust, 1930 – 1965 ( 2000 ) are critical of both Cornwell and Pius XII ; Ronald J. Rychlak's Hitler, the War and the Pope is critical as well but defends Pius XII in light of his access to most recent documents.

The popular 1963 board game Mouse Trap, as well as its sequels Crazy Clock ( 1964 ), and Fish Bait ( 1965 ) are based on Rube Goldberg machines.

* 1965 – Gambia, Maldives and Singapore are admitted as members of the United Nations.

Annually since 1965, SFWA members select by vote the Nebula Awards for best short story, novelette, novella, and novel published during the previous year, where the four categories are defined by numbers of words.

Dozens of paperback collections have been published since 1965, and some titles are still in print as of 2010.

The most popular of the k-opt methods are 3-opt, and these were introduced by Shen Lin of Bell Labs in 1965.

In 1717, Swedish professor Olof Rudbeck proposed about 100 etymologies connecting Finnish and Hungarian, of which about 40 are still considered valid ( Collinder, 1965 ).

For the first three years of clad production, in lieu of proof sets, specimen sets were specially sold as " Special Mint Sets " minted at the San Francisco mint in 1965, 1966, and 1967 ( Deep Cameo versions of these spectacular coins are highly valued because of their rarity ).

The Deep Cameo versions of proofs from 1965 to 1971 and 1981 Type Two are highly valued because of their scarcity, high grade examples of quarters from certain years of the 1980s ( such as 1981 – 1987 ) because of scarcity in high grades due to high circulation and in 1982 and 1983 no mint sets were produced making it harder to find mint state examples, and any coin from 1981 – 1994 graded in MS67 is worth upwards of $ 1000.

Lana Wachowski ( born Laurence " Larry " Wachowski ; June 21, 1965 ) and Andrew Paul " Andy " Wachowski ( born December 29, 1967 ), known together professionally as The Wachowskis and Wachowski Starship, and formerly as the Wachowski Brothers, are American film directors, writers and producers.