Arbor Day was celebrated from 1983 until 1999 in South Africa, when the national government extended it to National Arbor Week, which lasts from 1 – 7 September.

The British strategic bombing force largely came to an end when the V bomber force was phased out ; the last of which left service in 1983.

Bronski Beat formed in 1983 when Somerville, Steinbachek and Bronski shared a three-bedroom flat at Lancaster House in Brixton.

Although Nelson's biographer Ernle Bradford assumed in 1977 that the remains of Orient " are almost certainly unrecoverable ", the first archaeological investigation into the battle began in 1983, when a French survey team under Jacques Dumas discovered the wreck of the French flagship.

The force was officially constituted in January 1983, when the various pro-Habré contingents were merged and renamed FANT.

The question of who would take over the Rovers Return after Annie Walker's 1983 exit was answered in 1985 when Bet Lynch ( who also mirrored the vulnerability and strength of Elsie Tanner ) was installed as landlady.

These deliberate acts of violence against civilians were acknowledged by the CIA as early as late 1983, when Duane Clarridge, Latin America division chief of the CIA ’ s Directorate for Operations, reported in a secret briefing to the Senate subcommittee that his contras had murdered " civilians and Sandinista officials in the provinces, as well as heads of cooperatives, nurses, doctors and judges.

US − Soviet relations deteriorated rapidly beginning in March 1983, when US President Ronald Reagan dubbed the Soviet Union an " evil empire ".

Ben Rosen provided the venture capital financing for the fledging company and served as chairman of the board for 18 years from 1983 until September 28, 2000, when he retired and was succeeded by Michael Capellas who served as the last Chairman and CEO until its merger with HP.

The Aluminum Co. of America ( Alcoa ) mined bauxite between 1959 and 1983, when it turned its concession over to the state.

In Changes in the Land ( 1983 ), William Cronon analyzed and documented 17th-century English colonists ' reports of increased seasonal flooding in New England during the period when new settlers initially cleared the forests for agriculture.

The title relates to the Mitt Romney dog incident, which occurred in 1983 when Romney travelled twelve hours with the dog in a crate on his car's roof rack.

Japanese Fantasy Film Journal ( JFFJ ) ( 1968 – 1983 ) from Greg Shoemaker covered Toho's Godzilla and his Asian brethren when no other publications much cared.

The latter in particular pushed back the boundaries of fanzine production, producing glossy, professionally written and printed publications at a time ( 1983 – 86 ) when most fanzines were produced via photocopier and letraset.

Cossiga was elected President of the Italian Senate 1983, a position he held until 1985, when he became the President of Italy.

Economic conditions deteriorated further in early 1983 when Nigeria expelled an estimated 1 million Ghanaians who had to be absorbed by Ghana.

GCHQ had a very low profile in the media until 1983 when the trial of Geoffrey Prime, a KGB mole within GCHQ, created considerable media interest.

Widespread discontent in Haiti began in 1983, when Pope John Paul II condemned the regime during a visit, finally provoking a rebellion, and in February 1986, after months of disorder, the army forced Duvalier to resign and go into exile.

Complaints about supposed mainstream misuse started as early as 1983, when media used “ hacker ” to refer to the computer criminals involved in the 414s case.

Further disappointment followed in the 1983 – 1984 season when the team again reached the Coppa Italia final, only to lose the Cup in the final minutes of the return match against defending Serie A champions Roma.

Modern drug therapy for ED made a significant advance in 1983, when British physiologist Giles Brindley, Ph. D. dropped his trousers and demonstrated to a shocked Urodynamics Society audience his papaverine-induced erection.

The second incident occurred on 1 September 1983, during a period of heightened Cold War tension, when a Soviet Su-15 interceptor shot down a straying Korean Air Lines Flight 007 near Moneron Island, just west of Sakhalin Island.

The migration of the ARPANET to TCP / IP was officially completed on flag day January 1, 1983, when the new protocols were permanently activated.

Mayol ’ s last deep dive followed in 1983 when he reached the depth of 105m, at the age of 56.

* 1983 – Pioneer 10 becomes the first man-made object to leave the central Solar System when it passes beyond the orbit of Neptune ( the furthest planet from the Sun at the time ).

PGA National was also the site of the 1983 Ryder Cup, the 1987 PGA Championship, and the Senior PGA Championship from 1982-2000.

The outposts also included the legendary Daisy Red Ryder Carbine, which became a father-to-son Christmas gift tradition as memorialized in the 1983 Jean Shepherd film A Christmas Story.

At the 1983 general election, Ryder was elected as MP for the Mid Norfolk constituency.

He played on 10 Ryder Cup teams ( 1981, 1983, 1985, 1987, 1989, 1991, 1993, 1995, 1997, 2002 ) and was non-playing captain of the victorious European team in 2004.

In 1983 Ryder returned to a major label with the John Mellencamp-produced Never Kick a Sleeping Dog.

He played on five Ryder Cup teams ( 1983, 1985, 1987, 1989 and 1995 ) and captained the team in 2002.

The eclectic Born to Laugh at Tornadoes ( 1983 ) had even more guest musicians, including Ozzy Osbourne rapping over electro, Mitch Ryder belting out a techno-rockabilly number, Mel Tormé crooning an odd ballad about asphyxiation, and an abstract funk piece called " Man vs. the Empire Brain Building ".

Woosnam was a member of eight consecutive European Ryder Cup teams from 1983 to 1997.

* Serena Ryder ( born 1983 ), Canadian singer / songwriter

He won 13 PGA Tour events in all, and played on the 1983 and 1985 Ryder Cup teams.

He played for the U. S. on eight Ryder Cup teams ( 1969, 1975, 1977, 1981, 1983, 1985, 1991, and 1993 ) and captained the team in 1989, and was an assistant captain in 2008.

Jacklin later served as the non-playing captain of Europe in four consecutive Ryder Cups from 1983 to 1989.

He also played on the 1979 and 1983 Ryder Cup teams.

He appeared in the Ryder Cup in 1977, 1979, 1983, 1985 and 1987, and had a 4-9-0 win-loss-tie record, including two wins and two losses in singles matches.

The Ocean Course at Kiawah Island, S. C., the first course to be awarded the Ryder Cup Matches before the course has been completed, is the scene of the United States ' first victory in the event since 1983.

It was initially intended to be a next generation video game machine, but was redesigned as a general purpose computer after the North American video game crash of 1983.

The Electron was developed during 1983 as a cheap sibling for the BBC Micro with the intention of capturing the low-cost Christmas sales market for that year.

It was announced early in 1983 with a fall introduction at the target price of $ 500 for plug-in AppleNet cards for the Lisa and the Apple II.

This was a topic of major commercial effort at the time, dominating shows like the National Computer Conference ( NCC ) in Anaheim in May 1983.

By late 1983 it was clear that IBM's Token Ring would not be ready in time for the launch of the Mac, and might miss the launch of these other products as well.

As trading became tighter in the petroleum market, and Aston Martin was requiring more time and money, Gauntlett agreed to sell Hays / Pace to the Kuwait Investment Office in September 1983.

( A revised 2-port model was released in 1983, along with a game adapter that allowed gamers to play all 2600 games.

The system had been designed in 1983 through 1984 with an intended mass market rollout in June 1984, but was canceled shortly thereafter due to the sale of the company to Tramiel Technology Ltd on July 2, 1984.

In 1963, Rowney ( now part of Daler-Rowney Ltd since 1983 ) was the first manufacturer to introduce an artist ’ s acrylic color in Europe, under the brand name Cryla.

Michigan Opera Theatre was the first major American opera company to present the work in 1983, and again in November 2009.

Aquino, a former Senator and a leading figure of the political opposition, was assassinated in 1983 at the Manila International Airport ( now the Ninoy Aquino International Airport ) upon returning home from exile.

The treaty was undisturbed until Ronald Reagan announced his Strategic Defense Initiative ( SDI ) on March 23, 1983.

This seat was abolished in the 1983 general election and replaced with the present constituency of Hyndburn ( UK Parliament constituency ).

The HARM missile was approved for full production in March 1983, and then deployed in late 1985 with VA-72 and VA-46 aboard the aircraft carrier USS America.

In 1983, the American National Standards Institute formed a committee, X3J11, to establish a standard specification of C. After a long and arduous process, the standard was completed in 1989 and ratified as ANSI X3. 159-1989 " Programming Language C ." This version of the language is often referred to as " ANSI C ", or sometimes " C89 " ( to distinguish it from C99 ).

A. Panitz's patent, was developed by Mike Miller starting in 1983 and culminated with the first prototype in 1986.

The Bronx was the setting for the 1983 film Fuga dal Bronx, also known as Bronx Warriors 2 and Escape 2000, an Italian B-movie best known for its appearance on the television series Mystery Science Theatre 3000.

The first BBS using the Apple Macintosh platform was the Austin Arts BBS, which was a dial-up system developed by Bill Hood of the School of Screenprinting in 1983.

Factional infighting developed between moderates in the CSP and radicals led by Captain Thomas Sankara, who was appointed prime minister in January 1983.

It was founded in 1983 by Niels Jensen, Ole Henriksen, Mogens Glad and Philippe Kahn.

Philippe Kahn was at all times Chairman, President, and CEO of Borland Inc. from its inception in 1983 until he left in 1995.