Braudel's broad view used insights from other social sciences, employed the concept of the longue durée, and downplayed the importance of specific events.

Braudel's vast, panoramic view used insights from other social sciences, employed the concept of the longue durée, and downplayed the importance of specific events.

Unlike fine arts, which had been discussed in purely formal terms, comparable to the literary New Criticism, under the influences of Bernard Berenson and Ernst Gombrich, nuanced discussion of the arts of design since the 1970s have been set within social and intellectual contexts, taking account of fluctuations in luxury trades, the availability of design prototypes to local craftsmen, the cultural horizons of the patron, and economic considerations —" the limits of the possible " in economic historian Fernand Braudel's famous phrase.

However, Braudel's informal successor as head of the school was Le Roy Ladurie, who was unable to maintain a consistent focus.

Braudel's work came to define a " second " era of Annales historiography and was very influential throughout the 1960s and 1970s, especially for his work on the Mediterranean region in the era of Philip II of Spain.

In the 1960s, Robert Mandrou and Georges Duby harmonized the concept of mentalité history with Fernand Braudel's structures of historical time and linked mentalities with changing social conditions.

Braudel's followers admired his use of the longue durée approach to stress slow, and often imperceptible effects of space, climate and technology on the actions of human beings in the past.

Braudel's first book, La Méditerranée et le Monde Méditerranéen à l ' Epoque de Philippe II ( 1949 ) ( The Mediterranean and the Mediterranean World in the Age of Philip II ) was his most influential.

The Annales historians did not try to replicate Braudel's vast geographical scope in La Méditerranée.

The most important was the study of the Peasants of Languedoc by Braudel's star pupil and successor Emmanuel Le Roy Ladurie.

* Fernand Braudel's La Méditerranée et le Monde Méditerranéen à l ' Epoque de Philippe II is published.

Moreover, Braudel's method consisted in analysing the interdependence between individuals and their environment.

He worked with Lucien Febvre, who would later read the early versions of Braudel's magnum opus and provide him with editorial advice.

A feature of Braudel's work was his compassion for the suffering of marginal people.

Braudel's Mediterranean is centered on the sea, but just as important, it is also the desert and the mountains.

After La Méditerranée, Braudel's most famous work is the three-volume Civilisation Matérielle, Économie et Capitalisme, XV < sup > e </ sup >- XVIII < sup > e </ sup > ( Capitalism and Material Life, 1400-1800 ), which first appeared in 1979.

Braudel's structures, both mental and environmental, determine the long-term course of events by constraining actions on, and by, humans over a duration long enough that they are beyond the consciousness of the actors involved.

" Braudel's Concepts and Methodology Reconsidered.

Braudel's Historiography Reconsidered, Maryland: University Press of America, 2004.

* Santamaria, Ulysses, and Bailey, Anne M. " A Note on Braudel's Structure as Duration.

The long nineteenth century, defined by Eric Hobsbawm ( after Fernand Braudel's " long 16th century " idea ), a British Marxist historian and author, refers to the period between the years 1789 and 1914.

Stone was very much interested in studying the mentalité of people in the early modern period along the lines of the Annales School, but Stone rejected Fernand Braudel's geographical theories as too simplistic.

Around that statue in the green park where children play and lovers walk in twos and there is a glowing view of the whole city, in that park are the rows of marble busts of Garibaldi's fallen men, the ones who one day rushed out of the Porta San Pancrazio and, under fire all the way, up the long, straight narrow lane to take, then lose the high ground of the Villa Doria Pamphili.

It should be installed over a door that is in full view of everyone, and a chair should be placed under it, a little to one side.

In another study chromium-substituted aluminum oxyhydroxides and related species, prepared homogeneously by high-temperature hydrolysis, are being characterized and investigated spectrally in the ultraviolet region with a view to identification and semiquantitative estimation of the phases formed under varying preparative conditions.

Maybe an entire scene comes into consciousness, with action and motion, or a static view: `` a house under a pine tree, with a little stone path going up to the door ''.

Johnston also reinforced Fort Donelson with 12, 000 more men, including those under Floyd and Pillow, a curious decision in view of his thought that the Union gunboats alone might be able to take the fort.

In 2005, a California federal court ruled that a group alleging that anthroposophy is a religion for Establishment Clause purposes did not provide any legally admissible evidence in support of this view ; the case is under appeal.

According to the plans, the Third Army, under general Radko Dimitriev, was deployed east of and behind the First, and was covered by the cavalry division hiding it from the Turkish view.

The second article, published in 1938, states that launching a swift strategic knockout has great attractions for Germany but appears to accept that such a knockout will be very difficult to achieve by land attack under modern conditions ( especially in view of the existence of systems of fortification like the Maginot Line ) unless an exceptionally high degree of surprise is achieved.

His view, supported by many economists and commentators at the time, was that creditor nations may be just as responsible as debtor nations for disequilibrium in exchanges and that both should be under an obligation to bring trade back into a state of balance.

In the Bayesian view, a probability is assigned to a hypothesis, whereas under the frequentist view, a hypothesis is typically tested without being assigned a probability.

This view is not tenable, however, under the natural definition of size.

There is a general view that citizenship in ancient times was a simpler relation than modern forms of citizenship, although this view has come under scrutiny.

A stricter view is held by the Shakers, who prohibit marriage ( and sexual intercourse under any circumstances ) as a violation of chastity.

A minority view in Christianity, known as Christian Torah-submission, holds that the Mosaic law as it is written is binding on all followers of God under the New Covenant, even for Gentiles, because it views God ’ s commands as " everlasting " (, ;, ; ) and " good " (; ; ).

Enlightenment thinkers, under the influence of Newtonian science, tended to view the universe as a vast machine, created and set in motion by a creator being, that continues to operate according to natural law, without any divine intervention.

If we view the DFT as just a coordinate transformation which simply specifies the components of a vector in a new coordinate system, then the above is just the statement that the dot product of two vectors is preserved under a unitary DFT transformation.

Less than a hundred years later, Aristotle developed an almost " biological ' theory of the development of tragedy in Athens: according to this view, the art form grew under the influence of Aeschylus, matured in the hands of Sophocles then began its precipitous decline with Euripides.

The term fatwā is sometimes used by some Muslims to mean to " give permission " to do a certain act that might be illegal under Islamic law ; other Muslims view this to be incorrect.

In the late 1980s, the Soviet government came under increased criticism, as did Leninist ideology ( which Gorbachev had attempted to preserve as the foundation for reform ), and members of the Soviet population were more outspoken in their view that the Soviet government had become a failure.

Lehmann ( mentioned above under Etymology ) accepted this view but a manuscript variant states Guiones rather than Gutones.

Numerous people now view the nation-state as the primary unit of international affairs, and believe that only states may choose to voluntarily enter into commitments under international law, and that they have the right to follow their own counsel when it comes to interpretation of their commitments.

However, any aircraft operating under VFR must have the required equipment on board, as described in FAR Part 91. 205 ( which includes instruments necessary for IFR flight ); but the view outside of the aircraft is the primary source for keeping the aircraft straight and level ( orientation ), flying where you intended to fly ( navigation ), and for not hitting anything ( separation ).

Influenced by the words of the prophet Ahijah (), he began to form conspiracies with the view of becoming king of the ten tribes ; but these were discovered, and he fled to Egypt, where he remained under the protection of pharaoh Shishak until the death of Solomon.