** Prehistoric Britain, Britain prior to 43 AD

Essentially, every country that was colonised at some time by England, Great Britain, or the United Kingdom uses common law except those that were formerly colonised by other nations, such as Quebec ( which follows the law of France in part ), South Africa and Sri Lanka ( which follow Roman Dutch law ), where the prior civil law system was retained to respect the civil rights of the local colonists.

For instance, Idi Amin Dada, who had been a British army lieutenant prior to Uganda's independence from Britain in October 1962, subsequently styled himself as " His Excellency, President for Life, Field Marshal Al Hadji Doctor Idi Amin Dada,,, Conqueror of the British Empire in Africa in General and Uganda in Particular ".

John Byron, who was unaware of the French presence in the east, explored Saunders Island, in the west, named the harbour Port Egmont, and claimed this and other islands for Britain on the grounds of prior discovery.

The Irish, known as Scotti, who migrated to Scotland and gave the region of north Britain its name, never wore kilts prior to their arrival in northern Britain, nor did their kinsmen, the Brythonic speaking tribes of Britain, nor their Goidelic speaking kinsmen in Ireland.

" Given Litvinov's prior attempts to create an anti-fascist coalition, association with the doctrine of collective security with France and Britain, and pro-Western orientation by the standards of the Kremlin, his dismissal indicated the existence of a Soviet option of rapprochement with Germany.

Because there are no accounts of the custom in Great Britain prior to the 17th century, some historians and folklorists have theorised that it was not an ancient British custom but was in fact imported into Britain from continental Europe in the early modern period, possibly from Flanders in Belgium, where the tradition thrived in this period.

During this voyage he took possession of the Falkland Islands on the part of Britain, in 1765, on the ground of prior discovery, and his doing so was nearly the cause of a war between Great Britain and Spain, both countries having armed fleets to contest the sovereignty of the barren islands.

As George I had repudiated his wife Sophia Dorothea of Celle in 1694 prior to his becoming King of Great Britain, there was no queen consort, and Caroline was the highest-ranking woman in the kingdom.

An example of this involved Britain and France importing all of their watches and clocks from Switzerland and Germany prior to World War II.

France had ceded the colony to Spain in 1762, prior to their defeat by Britain and two years before the first Acadians began settling in Louisiana.

Despite the events of 1956, Childe retained a love of the Soviet Union, having visited it on a number of occasions prior, and was involved with the Society for Cultural Relations with the USSR, a satellite body of the Communist Party of Great Britain.

A year prior to the report Richard Thomas, the Information Commissioner, warned that Britain was " sleepwalking into a surveillance society ".

For example, although there would be the same Y chromosome in the princes expected ( as of 2010 ) to be the next two Kings of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland ( HRH Prince Charles, the Prince of Wales, son of Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth, and HRH Prince William, son of HRH Princess of Wales Diana Spencer ), that DNA would be inherited from the father of the current ( as of 2010 ) Prince of Wales ( HRH Prince Charles ), and not from the Queen or the prior Kings.

Grammar schools along the lines of those in Great Britain were set up for members of the Church of Ireland prior to its disestablishment in 1871.

Suede were being hailed as " The next big thing " and prior to the release of the group's first single, the cover of 25 April issue of Melody Maker featured the group, with a headline stating " Suede: The Best New Band in Britain ".

No other monarch of the Kingdom of Great Britain ( 1707 – 1800 ), the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland or the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland has ever abdicated, though forced abdications did occur on rare occasions in the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of Scotland prior to their merger in 1707.

". On 17 April 1707, just two weeks prior to the Acts of Union coming into effect, Sir Henry St George, Garter King of Arms, presented several designs to Queen Anne and her Privy Council for consideration as the flag of the soon to be unified Kingdom of Great Britain.

The use of the name Mole for the river does not appear until the sixteenth century, first occurring as Moule in Harrison's Description of Britain of 1577.

According to Jackson: " From 1577 with Harrison's Description of Britain onwards, a new awareness of the aesthetic nature of landscape emerged as a new kind of topographical writing flourished ...".

Britain lost 3, 238 merchantmen, a smaller fraction of her merchant marine than the enemy losses of 3, 434.

Due to the focus on marine business, during the formative years of Lloyd's ( between 1688 and 1807 ), one of the sources of Lloyd's business was the insurance of ships engaged in slave trading, as Britain rapidly established itself as the chief trading power in the Atlantic.

The Englishman Sir John Acton, who in 1779 was appointed director of marine, won Maria Carolina's favour by supporting her scheme to free Naples from Spanish influence, securing rapprochement with Austria and Great Britain.

The invention of the marine chronometer in the late 18th century enabled Western explorers, such as Jean Francois de Galaup from France, William Robert Broughton from Britain, and Adam Johann von Krusenstern ( Ivan Fyodorovich Kruzenshtern ) from Russia, to measure time and longitudes on the sea precisely and map the detailed shape of the Sea of Japan.

During the American Civil War, several warships that became Confederate commerce raiders ( the most famous being the CSS Alabama ) were built in Britain and did significant damage to the American merchant marine.

In Britain, it is primarily called the common earthworm or lob worm ( though that name is also applied to a marine polychaete ).

Others were ferried from the beaches to the larger ships, and thousands were carried back to Britain by the famous " little ships of Dunkirk ", a flotilla of around 700 merchant marine boats, fishing boats, pleasure craft and Royal National Lifeboat Institution lifeboats — the smallest of which was the fishing boat Tamzine, now in the Imperial War Museum — whose civilian crews were called into service for the emergency.

In Britain, Dunlop made frogman's fins for World War II, but after the war saw no market for them in peacetime, and, after the first supply of war-surplus frogman's kit was used up, the British public had no access to swimfins ( except for home-made attempts such as gluing marine plywood to plimsolls ), until Oscar Gugen began importing swimfins and swimming goggles from France.

* John Arnold patents his improvements in the construction of marine chronometers in Britain.

The belief in the restorative powers of the sea air meant that the town became a popular location for sea bathing and marine sports, and the number of visitors from Great Britain increased during the Edwardian era at the beginning of the 20th century, which also saw the improvement of Ward Park and the Marine Gardens.

* December 30-John Arnold takes out his first patent for improvements in the construction of marine chronometers in Britain, including the first for a compensation balance.

Rickard also highlights amongst the key early Fortean Times advocates and supporters: Ion Alexis Will, who discovered The News in 1974 and became a " constant of valuable clippings, books, postcards and entertaining letters "; Janet and Colin Bord, later authors of Mysterious Britain ( Janet also wrote for Flying Saucer Review and Lionel Beer's Spacelink, while it was Colin's Fortean article in Gandalf's Garden that is particularly cited by Rickard as bringing him / them to his attention ); Phil Ledger, a " peripatetic marine biologist ", and The News < nowiki >'</ nowiki > " first enthusiastic fan "; Ken Campbell, Fortean playwright ; John Michell ; Richard Adams and Dick Gwynn, who both helped with the evolving layout and typesetting of later issues ; Chris Squire, who helped organise the first subscription database ; Canadian " Mr. X "; Mike Dash and cartoonist Hunt Emerson.

Tiller Orders remained however: although many maritime nations had abandoned the convention by the end of the 19th century, Britain retained it until 1933 and the U. S. merchant marine until 1935.

Illustrations of the recent conchology of Great Britain and Ireland, with the description and localities of all the species, marine, land, and fresh water.

The marine rocks of the Jurassic period in Britain often yield specimens of Cenoceras, and nautiloids such as Eutrephoceras are also found in the Pierre Shale formation of the Cretaceous period in the north-central United States.

Dinosaurs in marine strata: evidence from the British Jurassic, including a review of the allochthonous vertebrate assemblage from the marine Kimmeridge Clay Formation ( Upper Jurassic ) of Great Britain.

During the construction of the Suez Canal in Egypt by Britain and France in the 1850s, Cavour believed that this presented an opportunity for Italian access to the East and had wanted the Italian merchant marine to take advantage of the Suez Canal's creation.

Petermann jealously reported on the marine surveys in Britain and America, which were realized with governmental support, and he dearly wished such was possible in other nations, especially Germany.

Landscape painting was as yet little developed in Britain at the time of the Union, but a tradition of marine art had been established by the father and son both called Willem van de Velde, who had been the leading Dutch maritime painters until they moved to London in 1673, in the middle of the Third Anglo-Dutch War.

But to break dependency on Britain, Germany required a formidable merchant marine force, which it would not have despite Wilhelm's aims.

In Britain, current marine laboratories that originate from this time include the Dunstaffnage Marine Station ( today Scottish Association for Marine Science, 1884 ), the Gatty Marine Laboratory ( University of St Andrews, 1884 ), the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom ( Plymouth, 1888 ), the Dove Marine Laboratory ( Newcastle University, 1897 ), the Fisheries Research Services Marine Laboratory ( Aberdeen, 1899 ), and the Bangor Marine Station ( Queen's University of Belfast, 1903 ).

Victoria Alexandrina Drummond MBE ( 14 October 1894 – 1978 ), was the first woman marine engineer in Britain and first woman member of Institute of Marine Engineers.

Norway's large merchant marine delivered vital supplies to Britain but suffered huge losses in ships and sailors because of indiscriminate attack by the German navy.