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In Europe — e. g. thanks to the European Charter of Regional and Minority Language — some languages are in quite a strong position, in the sense that they are given special status, such as Basque, Irish, Welsh / Cymraeg, Catalan, Rhaeto-Romance / Romansh and Romani, native language of the Roma / Gypsies in Eastern Europe ), whereas others are in a rather weak position ( e. g. Frisian, Scottish Gaelic, Turkish, Saami / Lappish, Sorbian / Wendish and Yiddish, the once common language of Ashkenazi Jews in Eastern Europe ).
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Europe and —
His British colleague Hugh McGregor Ross helped to popularize this work — according to Bemer, " so much so that the code that was to become ASCII was first called the Bemer-Ross Code in Europe ".
They believed that the only solution was to submit gracefully to an historical inevitability — the long-term dominance of Europe by Germany.
According to official data, in 2007, a record-high 500, 000 tourists visited Armenia — most of them ethnic Armenians from Europe, Russia and the United States.
At a time when pristine wilderness was becoming scarce in many parts of Europe, what constitutes “ nature ” was confused with the last remnants of wilderness — cultivated fields, managed woodlands, and cultivated livestock and crops.
* Alnus glutinosa — black alder, Europe
Aachen became attractive as a spa by the middle of the 17th century, not so much because of the effects of the hot springs on the health of its visitors but because Aachen was then — and remained well into the 19th century — a place of high-level prostitution in Europe.
His reputation had spread throughout Europe and he was on friendly terms and in communication with most of the major artists including Raphael, Giovanni Bellini and — mainly through Lorenzo di Credi — Leonardo da Vinci.
She was thus a principal agent — almost an embodiment — of the work of the Catholic Church during the Early Middle Ages in the construction of the religion-culture of western Europe.
With the Renaissance, tyrannicide — or assassination for personal or political reasons — became more common again in Western Europe.
For example: in Africa, the bronze heads of the Kingdom of Benin ; in Europe, Grecian bronzes typically of figures from Greek mythology ; in east Asia, Chinese bronzes of the Shang and Zhou dynasty — more often ceremonial vessels but including some figurine examples.
Work has begun — bilaterally and within the Stability Pact for South Eastern Europe since 1999 — on political and economic cooperation in the region.
The feigned retreat, next to unknown in Western Europe at that time — it was a traditionally eastern tactic — required both extraordinary discipline on the part of the troops and exact timing on the part of their commander.
* Dioclean Priest's Chronicle — Europe
* Froissart's Chronicles — Western Europe
* Henry of Livona Chronicle — Eastern Europe
* Jans der Enikel — Europe and Mediterranean
* Primary Chronicle — Eastern Europe
* Chronicle of the Slavs — Europe
In December 1943, President Roosevelt decided that Eisenhower — not Marshall — would be Supreme Allied Commander in Europe.
Europe and e
Suggested alternatives include: a community under the pressure of starvation or extreme social stress, dismemberment and cannibalism as religious ritual or in response to religious conflict, the influx of outsiders seeking to drive out a settled agricultural community via calculated atrocity, or an invasion of a settled region by nomadic raiders who practiced cannibalism ; such peoples have existed in other times and places, e. g. the Androphagi of Europe.
After his education, Alexei married, albeit greatly against his will Princess Charlotte of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, whose family was connected by marriage to many of the great families of Europe i. e., Charlotte's sister Elizabeth was married to Holy Roman Emperor Charles VI, ruler of the Habsburg Monarchy.
The Second World War temporarily hindered the anthroposophical movement in most of Continental Europe, as the Anthroposophical Society and most of its daughter movements ( e. g. Steiner / Waldorf education ) were banned by the National Socialists ( Nazis ); virtually no anthroposophists ever joined the National Socialist Party.
On the continent of Europe among some civil law systems ( i. e. those deriving from Roman law or the Napoleonic Code ), the inquisitorial system may be used for some types of cases.
In Europe and Canada, alcopops tend to be pre-mixed spirits, including vodka ( e. g. Smirnoff Ice ) or rum ( e. g. Bacardi Breezer ).
David G. Chandler ’ s Marlborough as Military Commander and A Guide to the Battlefields of Europe are consistent with regards to French casualty figures i. e., 12, 000 dead and wounded plus some 7, 000 taken prisoner.
These preaching friars, with the authorization of Gregory IX, adopted ( with some modifications, e. g. the substitution of the " Gallican " for the " Roman " version of the Psalter ) the Breviary hitherto used exclusively by the Roman court, and with it gradually swept out of Europe all the earlier partial books ( Legendaries, Responsories ), & c., and to some extent the local Breviaries, like that of Sarum.
This pattern underlined the economy's vulnerability to swings in tourist arrivals ( i. e., to economic and political conditions in Cyprus, Western Europe, and the Middle East ) and the need to diversify the economy.
Other important Cretaceous exposures occur in Europe ( e. g., the Weald ) and China ( the Yixian Formation ).
His forecast of the form of government suitable to the modern world may be seen as prophetic: the largely ceremonial offices of president in some modern parliamentary democracies in Europe and e. g. Israel can be perceived as elected or appointed versions of Hegel's constitutional monarch ; the Russian and French presidents, with their stronger powers, may also be regarded in Hegelian terms as wielding powers suitable to the embodiment of the national will.
In a 2003 European Commission report, TU / e was ranked as 3rd among European research universities ( after Cambridge and Oxford, at equality with TU Munich and thus making it the highest ranked Technical University in Europe ), based on the impact of its scientific research.
The latest guilds to develop in Western Europe were the of Spain: e. g., Barcelona ( 1301 ), Valencia ( 1332 ) and Toledo ( 1426 ).
Ruth Benedict made a distinction, relevant in this context, between " guilt " societies ( e. g., medieval Europe ) with an " internal reference standard ", and " shame " societies ( e. g., Japan, " bringing shame upon one's ancestors ") with an " external reference standard ", where people look to their peers for feedback on whether an action is " acceptable " or not ( also known as " group-think ").
Originating in Germany, some form of co-determination ( or Mitbestimmung ) procedure is practised in countries across continental Europe, such as Holland and the Czech Republic, as well as Scandinavian countries ( e. g. Sweden ).
* Pole to Pole ( Travel 1991 ; Programme release 1992 ): travelling from the North Pole to the South Pole, following as closely as possible the 30 degree line of longitude, over as much land as possible, i. e., through Europe and Africa.
The Swiss won at Morgarten, Laupen, Sempach, Grandson and Murten, and between 1450 and 1550 every leading prince in Europe hired Swiss pikemen, or emulated their tactics and weapons ( e. g., the German Landsknechte ).
Such distortions of Germanic mythology were denounced by J. R. R. Tolkien, e. g. in a 1941 letter where he speaks of Hitler's corruption of "... that noble northern spirit, a supreme contribution to Europe, which I have ever loved and tried to present in its true light.
The anti-Soviet communist parties in western Europe ( e. g., the Trotskyist parties ), who felt that the fall of the Soviet Union vindicated their views and predictions, did not particularly prosper from it — in fact, some became less radical as well.
In parts of medieval and later Europe, the Salic Law was purported to be the grounds for males alone being eligible to inherit land, with particular emphasis applied to hereditary succession of monarchies and fiefs, i. e. in patrilineal or agnatic succession.
Slavery in early medieval Europe was so common that the Roman Catholic Church repeatedly prohibited it — or at least the export of Christian slaves to non-Christian lands was prohibited at e. g. the Council of Koblenz ( 922 ), the Council of London ( 1102 ), and the Council of Armagh ( 1171 ).
Europe is relatively contained from the rest of Eurasia – i. e., Asia to the east – by the Ural Mountains, the Caspian Sea, the Caucasus Mountains, and the Black Sea.
In the last three months of 1894, The Continental Commerce Company sold hundreds of kinetoscopes in Europe ( i. e. the Netherlands and Italy ).
This terminology may be muddled somewhat in other jurisdictions, for instance Europe, where terrestrial channels are commonly mapped from physical channels to common numerical positions ( i. e. BBC One does not broadcast on any particular " channel 1 " but is nonetheless mapped to the " 1 " input on most British television sets ).
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