It has been argued that the name " Titus " in 2 Corinthians and Galatians is nothing more than an informal name used by Timothy, implied already by the fact that even though both are said to be long-term close companions of Paul, they never appear in common scenes.

Paul wrote that Jesus was " born of a woman, born under the law " and " as to his human nature was a descendant of David " in the Epistle to the Galatians and the Epistle to the Romans.

Paul the Apostle quotes this verse twice in his epistles: in Romans 1: 17 and again in Galatians 3: 11.

It is quite likely, however, that the epistle of Galatians was written prior to the Jerusalem council, and that it refers to a meeting between Paul, Barnabas, and Peter, James, and John that happened earlier.

It is more likely that the epistle was written some time before the Jerusalem council, and that teachers came from Jerusalem to Antioch teaching the need for it after Paul wrote his epistle to the Galatians, churches from the first missionary journey, addressing this issue.

The Apostle Paul wrote an entire epistle, Galatians, antagonistic to the teachings of a Jewish sect that claimed adherence to the teachings of both Jesus and Moses ( cf.

Not numbered among the Twelve Apostles, unless he is identified as James the Less, James was nonetheless a very important figure: Paul described him as " the brother of the Lord " in Galatians 1: 19 and as one of the three " pillars of the Church " in 2: 9.

The South Galatian view holds that Paul wrote Galatians before or shortly after the First Jerusalem Council, probably on his way to it, and that it was written to churches he had presumably planted during either his time in Tarsus ( he would have traveled a short distance, since Tarsus is in Cilicia ) after his first visit to Jerusalem as a Christian, or during his first missionary journey, when he traveled throughout southern Galatia.

A third theory is that Galatians 2: 1-10 describes Paul and Barnabas ' visit to Jerusalem described in Acts 11: 30 and 12: 25.

In addition, the exclusion of any mention of the letter of Acts 15 is seen to indicate that such a letter did not yet exist, since Paul would have been likely to use it against the legalism confronted in Galatians.

* Galatians, Paul, The Torah-Law & Legalism

The Interpretation of St. Paul ’ s Epistles to the Galatians, to the Ephesians, and to the Philippians.

As it is usually pointed out by the same authors who note the differences in language and style, the number of words foreign to the New Testament and Paul is no greater in Colossians than in the undisputed Pauline letters ( Galatians, of similar length, has 35 hapax legomena ).

Many scholars see this as an indication that this letter was written before the Epistle to the Galatians, where Paul formed and identified his positions on these matters.

Wayne Brindle argues, based on Paul's former writings against the Judaizers in Galatians and 2 Corinthians, that rumors had probably spread about Paul totally negating the Jewish existence in a Christian world, see also Antinomianism in the New Testament and Supersessionism.

Hajj Sayed argues that the description of the conflict between Paul and Barnabas in Galatians supports the idea that the Gospel of Barnabas existed at the time of Paul.

Paul writes in ( Galatians Chapter 2 ):

St. Paul in opposing his enemies in Galatia names John explicitly along with Peter and James the Just ( the brother of Jesus ) as a " pillar of the Church ", and refers to the recognition which his Apostolic preaching of a Gospel free from the law received from these three, the most prominent men of the old Mother-Church at Jerusalem ( Galatians 2: 9 ).

" Yet after the death of Jesus, the inclusion of the Gentiles as equals in this burgeoning sect of Judaism also caused problems, particularly when it came to Gentiles keeping the Mosaic Law, which was both a major issue at the Council of Jerusalem and a theme of Paul's Epistle to the Galatians, though the relationship of Paul of Tarsus and Judaism is still disputed today.

All three letters of John likely date from the mid-first-century, during a time of intense inter-apostolic rivalry between Paul and the Jerusalem leaders, evidenced most dramatically, for example, in Paul's epistle to the Galatians.

* In the Epistle to the Galatians, Paul supports the separation of Christianity and Judaism.

Some Christian theologians, beginning with Paul of Tarsus writing in Galatians, have interpreted an allusion to crucifixion in Deuteronomy.

While patience is not one of the traditional biblical three theological virtues nor one of the traditional cardinal virtues, it is part of the fruit of the Holy Spirit, according to the Apostle Paul in his Epistle to the Galatians.

Albert Hogeterp argues that the Gospel's saying 12, which attributes leadership of the community to James the Just rather than to Peter, agrees with the description of the early Jerusalem church by Paul in Galatians and may reflect a tradition predating AD 70.

Paul also addressed this question in his Epistle to Galatians in which he condemned those who insisted that the proselyte ritual had to be followed for justification as " false believers " ( Galatians 2: 4 ):

The Galatians were in their origin a part of the great Celtic migration which invaded Italy and Macedon, led by Brennus.

While the momentum of the invasion was broken, the Galatians were by no means exterminated.

Thus, there was a short-lived eleventh century attempt to re-establish an independent Galatia by native Galatians whose aristocracy and people appealed to Anglo-Saxon and Russo-Norman mercenaries of the Byzantine Varangian Guard and Frankish Crusaders alike in establishing a new kingdom.

I believed its own claim about itself, that it was determined to translate exactly what was there, and inject no extra paraphrasing or interpretative glosses .... Disillusionment set in over the next two years, as I lectured verse by verse through several of Paul's letters, not least Galatians and Romans.

The Dying Gaul, an ancient Roman marble copy of a lost ancient Greek statue, thought to have been executed in bronze, commissioned some time between 230 BC – 220 BC by Attalos I of Pergamon to honor his victory over the Galatians

Another list, given this time by the Epistle to the Galatians ( Galatians 5: 19-21 ), includes more of the traditional seven sins, although the list is substantially longer: adultery, fornication, uncleanness, lasciviousness, idolatry, sorcery, hatred, variance, emulations, wrath, strife, seditions, heresies, envyings, murders, drunkenness, revellings, " and such like ".

* Galatians 2: 16: " Knowing that a man is not justified by the works of the law, but by the faith of Jesus Christ, even we have believed in Jesus Christ, that we might be justified by the faith of Christ, and not by the works of the law: for by the works of the law shall no flesh be justified.

* Galatians 2: 21: " I do not frustrate the grace of God: for if righteousness come by the law, then Christ is dead in vain.

* Galatians 5: 4, 5: " Christ is become of no effect unto you, whosoever of you are justified by the law ; ye are fallen from grace.

* Galatians 3: 8: " The Scripture foresaw that God would justify the Gentiles by faith ..."

* Antiochus Hierax, brother of the Seleucid King Seleucus II manages to escape from captivity in Thrace and flees to the mountains to raise an army, but he is killed by a band of Galatians.

* The city of Pergamum is attacked by the Galatians ( Celts who have settled in central Anatolia ) because the leader of Pergamum, Attalus I Soter, has refused to pay them the customary tribute.

* Antiochus Hierax, supported by his mother Laodice I, allies himself with the Galatians ( Celts ) and two other states that are traditional foes of the Seleucid kingdom.

* St. Paul's Anathema Esto in Galatians One by Gerald O. Hoenecke

The Gauls settle down to become the " Galatians " and are paid 2, 000 talents annually by the Seleucid kings to keep the peace.

The king of Bythnia hired Galatians to his armies and gave them a parcel of land, which became Galatia, after their defeat, brought on by their raids and warfare against the various cities in the regions.

Telesphorus is assumed to have been a Celtic god in origin, who was taken to Anatolia by the Galatians in the 3rd century BC, where he would have become associated with the Greek god of medicine, Asclepius, perhaps in Pergamon, an Asclepian cult center.