Exploitation of this advantage began soon after the Spanish arrived, when the conquistadors used Panama to transport gold and silver from Peru to Spain.

Irala maintained good relations with the Guaraní, pacified hostile Indians, made further explorations of the Chaco, and began trade relations with Peru.

In March 1997, the Luhu-class guided missile destroyer Harbin, the Luda-class guided missile destroyer Zhuhai, and the replenishment oiler Nancang began the PLA Navy's first circumnavigation of the Pacific Ocean, a 98-day voyage with port visits to Mexico, Peru, Chile, and the United States, including Pearl Harbor and San Diego.

To maintain their monopoly on cinchona bark, Peru and surrounding countries began outlawing the export of cinchona seeds and saplings beginning in the early 19th century.

It was during this period also that European colonization of the Americas began in earnest, including the exploitation of the fabulously wealthy silver deposits of Potosí in Upper Peru and Mexico which resulted in great bouts of inflation as wealth was drawn into Europe from the rest of the world.

Nearly forty years after the conquest of Peru began with the execution of Atahualpa, the conquest ended with the execution of his nephew.

When the Gonzalo Pizarro rebellion began in Peru, the insurgents attempted unsuccessfully to win Valdivia to their side.

According to some historic sources from Peru, ceviche would have originated among the Moche, a coastal civilization that began to flourish in the area of current-day northern Peru nearly 2000 years ago.

To maintain their monopoly on cinchona bark, Peru and surrounding countries began outlawing the export of cinchona seeds and saplings beginning in the early 19th century.

In 1849 Construction began on the Peru & Indianapolis Railroad extending from Indianapolis to Chicago.

A small war between Colombia and Peru over the town began in September 1932 when two hundred Peruvians, followed later by military troops, occupied public buildings in Leticia.

He soon earned the trust of Leguía's successor, Luis Miguel Sánchez Cerro, and began his new career in 1934 by serving as a diplomat, representing Peru as Peruvian Minister to Uruguay, Bolivia and various other countries in the Americas.

The economic turbulence exacerbated social tensions in Peru and contributed in part to the rise of the violent rebel movement known as the Shining Path, which launched the internal conflict in Peru and began attacking electrical towers, causing a number of blackouts in Lima.

In 1837, Ghirardelli moved to Uruguay, then in 1838 to Lima, Peru, and established a confectionery, and began using the Spanish equivalent of his Italian name, Domingo.

After Peru declared its independence, the general José de San Martín began a public contest to select the National March, which was published on 7 August 1821 in the Gaceta Ministerial ( Ministerial Gazette ).

Due to popular demand, McDonald's also began to serve Inca Kola at its locales in Peru in 1995, before Coca-Cola owned the Inca Kola brand ( at the time, the only place in the world where Coca-Cola agreed to such an arrangement ).

During the time that the two giants were negotiating, various smaller companies began to emerge in Peru, selling drinks that competed both with Coca-Cola ( Peru Cola, Cola Nacional, Inti Cola, Kola Real, etc.

During the Formative stage in Mesoamerica, ( about 1500 BCE to 500 CE ), more complex and centralized civilizations began to develop, mostly in what is now Mexico, Central America, and Peru.

Shining Path had been active in Peru since the late 1970s and began what it called " the armed struggle " on 17 May 1980.

The island was discovered by Portuguese sailor Pedro Fernandes de Queirós on 26 January 1606, during an expedition that began in Callao, Peru.

Until the revolution, all of these peoples were held together by the authority of the Spanish government, but with its disappearance, people from Montevideo, Paraguay and the Upper Peru began to distance themselves from Buenos Aires.

Since the championship, won by Felipe Pomar, surfing began to spread to other latitudes of Lima and Peru.

Still existing on a `` Northern Union '' telegraph form is a typical peremptory message from Peru grocer J. J. Hapgood to Burton and Graves' store in Manchester -- `` Get and send by stage four pounds best Porterhouse or serloin stake, for Mrs. Hapgood send six sweet oranges ''.

`` The sweaty bastard's probably halfway to Peru with our money by now ''.

* 1992 – Alberto Fujimori, president of Peru, dissolves the Peruvian congress by military force.

The Latin American Free Trade Association ( LAFTA ) was created in the 1960 Treaty of Montevideo by Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, and Uruguay.

Left with the impression that the inhabitants of the area were poor, he returned to Peru, later to be garotted following defeat by Hernando Pizarro in a Civil War.

After several efforts, Spanish troops from Peru took advantage of the internecine strife to reconquer Chile in 1814, when they reasserted control by winning the Battle of Rancagua on October 12.

These qualms exacerbated animosities toward Peru dating from the colonial period, now intensified by disputes over customs duties and loans.

As a result of the War of the Pacific with Peru and Bolivia ( 1879 – 1883 ), Chile expanded its territory northward by almost one-third and acquired valuable nitrate deposits, the exploitation of which led to an era of national affluence.

Instructions and a questionnaire, issued in 1577 by the Office of the Cronista Mayor, were distributed to local officials in the Viceroyalties of New Spain and Peru to direct the gathering of information.

The Cook Islands was not the only island group visited by the traders, but Penrhyn Atoll was their first port of call and it has been estimated that three-quarters of the population was taken to Callao, Peru.

* Coca-Cola: produced in Peru by Corporación José R. Lindley S. A. and distributed in the same channels as Inca Kola.

In Peru, Pepsi is bottled and distributed by Pepsico Inc Sucursal Del Peru.

After several expeditions to South America, Pizarro secured his stay in Peru and explored the territory held by the Incas.

Although by this time Diego de Almagro had already acquired sufficient wealth in the conquest of Peru and was living a luxurious life in Cuzco, the prospect of conquering the lands further south was very attractive to him.

According to the natives of Peru, who by this time had observed the Spanish lust for gold, the territories of Chile had abundances of gold which would justify any effort.

< center > Changing of the Dragoon guard by the " Field Marshal Nieto " Regiment of Cavalry, Life-Guard of the President of the Republic of Peru </ center >

However by Ministerial Resolution No 139-2012 / DE / EP of February 2, 2012 the restoration of the Cavalry Regiment " Marshal Domingo Nieto " as the official escort of the President of the Republic of Peru was announced.

It is unclear whether this first expedition was the expedition by Jacques l ' Hermite to the coast of Chile, Peru and Bolivia, set up by Stadthouder Maurice with the support of the States General and the VOC.

The Inca civilization expansion northward from modern-day Peru during the late 15th century met with fierce resistance by several Ecuadorian tribes, particularly the Cañari, in the region around modern-day Cuenca ; the Cara in the Sierra north of Quito along with the Quitu, occupants of the site of the modern capital, with whom they had formed the Kingdom of Quito.

The coastal lowlands north of Manta were conquered, not by the Spanish, but by blacks from the Guinean coast who, as slaves, were shipwrecked en route from Panama to Peru in 1570.

After a number of initial successes, Sucre's army was defeated at Ambato in the central Sierra and he appealed for assistance from San Martín, whose army was by now in Peru.

A war with Peru ( named the Cenepa War, after a river located in the area ) erupted in January – February 1995 in a small, remote region, where the boundary prescribed by the 1942 Rio Protocol was in dispute.