In Scotland, where the tax was implemented first, the APTUs called for mass non-payment.

Proponents of repeal argue that the clause is a bigoted anachronism ; Cardinal Winning, who was leader of the Roman Catholic Church in Scotland, called the act an " insult " to Catholics.

At the same time, Charlton's emergence as the country's leading young football talent was completed when he was called up to join the England squad for a British Home Championship game against Scotland at Hampden Park.

The earliest known reference to croquet in Scotland is the booklet called The Game of Croquet, its Laws and Regulations which was published in the mid-1860s for the proprietor of Eglinton Castle, the Earl of Eglinton.

In south of Scotland it is called " bloody fingers " more northward, " deadman's bells " whilst in Wales it is known as " fairy-folks-fingers " or " lambs-tongue-leaves ".

* Franz, Duke of Bavaria ( born 1933 ), called " Francis II " by supporters of the Jacobite claim to the thrones of England, Scotland, Ireland and France.

The Glorious Revolution, also called the Revolution of 1688, was the overthrow of King James II of England ( James VII of Scotland and James II of Ireland ) by a union of English Parliamentarians with the Dutch stadtholder William III of Orange-Nassau ( William of Orange ).

England had conquered Wales in the 12th century and was then united with Scotland in the early 18th century to form a new sovereign state called Great Britain.

The Acts of Union of 1707 united Scotland with England into a new sovereign state called Great Britain, after 1801 known as the United Kingdom.

The only surviving pre-Roman account of Scotland originated with the Greek Pytheas of Massalia who circumnavigated the British islands ( which he called Pretaniké ) in 325 BC, but the record of his visit dates from much later.

One common game is dunking or apple bobbing, which may be called " dooking " in Scotland in which apples float in a tub or a large basin of water and the participants must use their teeth to remove an apple from the basin.

A traveller called Demetrius of Tarsus related to Plutarch the tale of an expedition to the west coast of Scotland in or shortly before AD 83.

The Vikings celebrated Yule, which later contributed to the Twelve Days of Christmas, or the " Daft Days " as they were sometimes called in Scotland.

In the 1980s comedian Andy Cameron presented the Hogmanay show on BBC Scotland while Peter Morrison presented a show called " A Highland Hogmanay " on STV / Grampian.

: In Scotland, New Year's is called Hogmanay.

Scotland has very few natural water bodies actually called ' lakes '.

The Lake of the Hirsel, Pressmennan Lake and Lake Louise are other bodies of water in Scotland which are called lakes and all are man-made.

# Edith of Scotland, also called Matilda, married King Henry I of England

The Church of England of the Interregnum was run on presbyterian lines, but never became a national presbyterian church such as existed in Scotland, and England was not the theocratic state which leading Puritans had called for as " godly rule ".

The first literary reference to the island, where it is called Rokol, is found in Martin Martin's A Description of the Western isles of Scotland published in 1703.

* Irish Harp: Also called the Clàrsach in Scottish Gaelic, or the Cláirseach in Irish, during the Middle Ages it was the most popular instrument of Ireland and Scotland.

That same year, sitting in a library in New Orleans while his father took medical courses at a nearby college, Howard discovered a book concerned with the scant fact and abundant legends surrounding an indigenous culture in ancient Scotland called the Picts.

After holding for a short period the office of commander-in-chief in Scotland, Sir Ralph, when the enterprise against the Dutch Batavian Republic was resolved upon in 1799, was again called to command under the Duke of York.

It derives from the location of the original Metropolitan Police headquarters at 4 Whitehall Place, which had a rear entrance on a street called Great Scotland Yard.

Previously a private house, 4 Whitehall Place backed onto a street called Great Scotland Yard.

Although he is perfectly willing to cooperate with Scotland Yard, Holmes has nothing but contempt for the intelligence and mentality of the police.

But Edward was invading Scotland for precisely the same reason, and his insubordinate vassal was the ally of the king of France.

They had been going to meet the steamer which would take them to Scotland for potato picking.

This term referred to the temporary accommodation provided for those who went to Scotland to pick potatoes.

Actaeon Surprising Diana ( Artemis ) in the bath, Titian, 1556-59, for Philip II of Spain | Philip II ( National Gallery of Scotland ).

Under instructions from the emperor, he undertook an invasion of southern Scotland, winning some significant victories, and constructing the Antonine Wall from the Firth of Forth to the Firth of Clyde, although it was soon abandoned for reasons that are still not quite clear.

Scottish Borders Council is considering an application by a property developer to build a housing estate on the opposite bank of the River Tweed from Abbotsford, to which Historic Scotland and the National Trust for Scotland object.

It is a separate offence to assault on a constable in the execution of his duty, under section 41 of the Police ( Scotland ) Act 1967 which provides that it is an offence for a person to, amongst other things, assault a constable in the execution of his duty or a person assisting a constable in the execution of his duty.

The Isles now lay at Alexander's feet, and in 1266 Haakon's successor concluded the Treaty of Perth by which he ceded the Isle of Man and the Western Isles to Scotland in return for a monetary payment.

Plaque for Alexander Selkirk in Lower Largo, Scotland.

In Scotland, he gave $ 10 million in 1901 to establish the Carnegie Trust for the Universities of Scotland.

The Trust was funded by a gift of $ 10 million ( a then unprecedented sum: at the time, total government assistance to all four Scottish universities was about £ 50, 000 a year ) and its aim was to improve and extend the opportunities for scientific research in the Scottish universities and to enable the deserving and qualified youth of Scotland to attend a university.

There are two officers, the senior being the Astronomer Royal dating from 22 June 1675 ; the second is the Astronomer Royal for Scotland dating from 1834.

The Act of Settlement provided that the throne would pass to the Electress Sophia of Hanover – a granddaughter of James VI of Scotland and I of England, niece of Charles I of Scotland and England – and her Protestant descendants who had not married a Roman Catholic ; those who were Roman Catholic, and those who married a Roman Catholic, were barred from ascending the throne " for ever ".

The Abbey is cared for by Historic Scotland and is open to the public throughout the year ( entrance charge ).

The Abbey, which was the richest in Scotland, is most famous for its association with the 1320 Declaration of Arbroath, believed to have been drafted by Abbot Bernard, who was the Chancellor of Scotland under King Robert I.

Little remains of the claustral buildings of the Abbey except for the impressive gatehouse, which stretches between the south-west corner of the church and a defensive tower on the High Street, and the still complete Abbot's House, a building of the 13th, 15th and 16th centuries, which is the best-preserved of its type in Scotland.

In England the Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994 allowed such inferences to be made for the first time in England and Wales ( it was already possible in Scotland under the rule of criminative circumstances ).

Alas for Scotland thenceforward.

Alas for Scotland, through the youth ; alas for their books, alas for their bequests. 131.