Carnegie bought Skibo Castle in Scotland, and made his home partly there and partly in New York.

Conversely the use of true brass seems to have declined in Western Europe during this period in favour of gunmetals and other mixed alloys but by the end of the first Millennium AD brass artefacts are found in Scandinavian graves in Scotland, brass was being used in the manufacture of coins in Northumbria and there is archaeological and historical evidence for the production of brass in Germany and The Low Countries areas rich in calamine ore which would remain important centres of brass making throughout the medieval period, especially Dinant – brass objects are still collectively known as dinanterie in French.

On the 1930 tour a delegation led by the Irish lock George Beamish expressed their displeasure at the fact that whilst the blue of Scotland, white of England and red of Wales were represented in the strip there was no green for Ireland.

Froissart states that "... the Earl Douglas of Scotland, who fought a season valiantly, but when he saw the discomfiture he departed and saved himself ; for in no wise would he be taken by the Englishmen, he would rather there be slain ".

Yet there is now little doubt that the hollow-walled broch tower was purely an invention from what is now Scotland, or that even the kinds of pottery found inside them that most resembled south British styles were local hybrid forms.

Caithness, Sutherland and the Northern Isles have the densest concentrations, but there are also a great many examples in the west of Scotland and the Hebrides.

Burns suppers are most common in Scotland and Northern Ireland but occur wherever there are Burns Clubs, Scottish Societies, expatriate Scots, or aficionados of Burns ' poetry.

Ireland, Scotland, and Brittany have living traditions of language and music, and there has been a recent major revival of interest in Wales, Cornwall and the Isle of Man.

However, there is a sense in which he was not leaving his native people, as the Irish Gaels had been colonizing the west coast of Scotland for the previous couple of centuries.

Therefore, it is clear there is no real consensus of what the term crannog actually implies, although the modern adoption in the English language broadly refers to a partially or completely artificial islet which saw use from the prehistoric to the Post-Medieval period in Ireland and Scotland.

Victorian historians often referred to the tribe as the Damnonii, which is also the name of another Celtic people from lowland Scotland, although there are no known links between the two populations.

A feature of these publications is the high-quality illustrations made by engravers like Wilson Lowry of art work supplied by specialist draftsmen like John Farey, Jr. Encyclopaedias were published in Scotland, as a result of the Scottish Enlightenment, for education there was of a higher standard than in the rest of the United Kingdom.

Elizabeth's first policy toward Scotland was to oppose the French presence there.

In parts of Scotland and Ireland, Catholics loyal to James remained determined to see him restored to the throne, and there followed a series of bloody though unsuccessful uprisings.

Around 105, however, there appears to have been a serious setback at the hands of the tribes of the Picts of Alba: several Roman forts were destroyed by fire, with human remains and damaged armour at Trimontium ( at modern Newstead, in SE Scotland ) indicating hostilities at least at that site.

In the centuries after the departure of the Romans from Britain, there were four groups within the borders of what is now Scotland.

Historian Neil Davidson notes that “ after 1746 there was an entirely new level of participation by Scots in political life, particularly outside Scotland ”.

By the 18th century there were five universities in Scotland, at Edinburgh, Glasgow, St. Andrews and King's and Marischial Colleges in Aberdeen, compared with only two in England.

From the mid-century there were increasing calls for Home Rule for Scotland and when the Conservative Lord Salisbury became prime minister in 1885 he responded to pressure by reviving the post of Secretary of State for Scotland, which had been in abeyance since 1746.

By 1914 there were 1, 000, 000 coal miners in Scotland.

By the 21st century, there would be about as many people who were Scotch Canadians and Scottish Americans as the 5 million remaining in Scotland.

Home was on the panel of judges in the Joseph Knight case which ruled that there could be no slavery in Scotland.

In this context it is also recorded that in the south of Scotland, for example Roxburghshire, there is no < m >, the word thus being Hunganay, which could suggest the < m > is intrusive.

In addition to being sold throughout the United Kingdom, Barr's Irn-Bru is available throughout the world and can usually be purchased where there is a significant community of people from Scotland.

After the battle many highland traditions were banned and the Highlands of Scotland were cleared of inhabitants.

The Act of Settlement provided that the throne would pass to the Electress Sophia of Hanover – a granddaughter of James VI of Scotland and I of England, niece of Charles I of Scotland and England – and her Protestant descendants who had not married a Roman Catholic ; those who were Roman Catholic, and those who married a Roman Catholic, were barred from ascending the throne " for ever ".

The most troublesome enemies of Roman Britain were the Picts of central and northern Scotland, and the Gaels known as Scoti, who were raiders from Ireland.

Summer holidays were spent in Scotland and in the English Lake District where Beatrix developed a love of the natural world which was the subject of her painting from an early age.

This helped the new Kingdom of Great Britain – England and Scotland were formally united in 1707 – to become powerful.

Stories of banshees were also prevalent in the West Highlands of Scotland.

While the crew spent six weeks shooting on location in Scotland, the major battle scenes were shot in the Republic of Ireland using members of the Irish Army Reserve as extras.

Graphics and titles were developed by the Lambie-Nairn design agency and were gradually rolled out across the whole of BBC News, including a similar design for regional news starting with Newsroom South East and the three BBC Nations – Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.

The areas of Lochnagar and Ballochbuie were designated in 1998 by the Secretary of State for Scotland as Special Protection Areas ( SPA ) under the European Union ( EU ) Birds Directive.

After 1745 recruits were increasingly drawn from Scotland ; by the mid-1760s between one fifth and one third of officers were from Scotland.

Following the Wars of the Three Kingdoms ( including the English Civil War ), the Church of Scotland was re-established on a presbyterian basis but by the Act of Comprehension 1690, the rump of Episcopalians were allowed to hold onto their benefices.

Outside of America, the first deliberate attempts to create a " Pan-Celtic music " were made by the Breton Taldir Jaffrennou, having translated songs from Ireland, Scotland, and Wales into Breton between the two world wars.

Between August 1945 and December 1951, 1, 016, 349 new homes were completed in England, Scotland, and Wales.

Columba's relics were finally removed in AD 849 and divided between Scotland and Ireland.

** Battle of George Square: The British Army is called in to deal with riots and protests against high rents in Glasgow, Scotland.

The number VII was occasionally omitted in Scotland, even by the national church, in deference to protests that the previous Edwards were English kings who had " been excluded from Scotland by battle ".

* During the 2005 G8 protests in Auchterarder, Scotland, a cricketer on his way to a match was stopped at King's Cross station in London under Section 44 powers and questioned over his possession of a cricket bat.

The US Navy was scheduled to use the Cape Wrath bombing range in Scotland because it could no longer bomb Vieques, in Puerto Rico, due to the protests there.

This was not without controversy in Scotland, however ; for example, Edward VII's regnal number was occasionally omitted in Scotland, even by the established Church of Scotland, in deference to protests that the previous Edwards were English kings who had " been excluded from Scotland by battle ".

In 2007 two gay teenagers in Aberdeenshire were threatened with being removed from the bus because one had his arm round the shoulders of the second ; ' hug-in ' protests around Scotland then followed from members of the Scottish Socialist Party and gay rights activists, calling on Stagecoach to apologise.

Globalise Resistance Scotland were heavily involved in the G8 Alternatives coalition, one of the groups organising protests in Scotland against the G8 in 2005.

Gluaiseacht has been involved in anti-nuclear protests at the Trident submarine base in Faslane, Scotland, and the Sellafield nuclear plant.

In the 1950s came protests against the use of the regnal title " Elizabeth II " in Scotland, as Scotland had not had an Elizabeth I ( see also the case of MacCormick v. Lord Advocate ).

In July 2005, they participated in the protests against the 31st G8 summit in Scotland as part of a European tour that also brought them to England, Germany, the Netherlands, Belgium, and Austria.