There has not been a monarch known as Alphonso or Alfonso I of Spain, the first king of that name of the unified Spain being Alfonso XII of Spain ( 1874 – 1885 ).

He assumed the title of Alfonso XII, for although no King of united Spain had borne the name " Alfonso XI ", the Spanish monarchy was regarded as continuous with the more ancient monarchy represented by the 11 kings of Asturias, León and Castile also named Alfonso.

The emir Yusuf al-Fihri, had proven himself unable to keep the powerful al-Sumayl in check and several Yemenite chieftains felt their future prospects were poor, whether in a Fihrid or Syrian-dominated Spain, that they had a better chance of advancement if they hitched themselves to the glitter of the Umayyad name.

Little is known of the family with certainty ; the Chambers Biographical Dictionary records that they arrived in Spain in the 8th century but the name is familiar from the romance by Ginés Perez de Hita, Guerras civiles de Granada, which celebrates the feuds of the Abencerrages and the rival family of the Zegris, and the cruel treatment to which the former were subjected.

* Abila, a Latin name for Ávila, Spain

Archduke Charles of Austria, Duke of Teschen (, also known as Karl von Österreich-Teschen ) ( Full name: Karl Ludwig Johann Josef Lorenz of Austria ) ( 5 September 1771 – 30 April 1847 ) was an Austrian field-marshal, the third son of emperor Leopold II and his wife Infanta Maria Luisa of Spain.

While the town's name is generally seen as a diminutive form of Barcelona in Spain, Albert Dauzat and Charles Rostaing point out an earlier attestation of the name Barcilona in Barcelonnette in around 1200, and suggest that it is derived instead from two earlier stems signifying a mountain, * bar and * cin ( the latter of which is also seen in the name of Mont Cenis ).

Barcino Nova is the town's Latin name meaning " new Barcelona "; Barcino was the Roman name for Barcelona in Spain from its foundation by Emperor Augustus in 10 BC, and it was only changed to Barcelona in the Middle Ages.

However, Almagro's friendship with Pizarro showed signs of deterioration in 1526 when Pizarro, in the name of the rest of the conquistadors, called forth the " Capitulacion de Toledo " law in which King Charles I of Spain had laid out his authorization for the conquest of Peru and the awards every conquistador would receive from it.

In Spain dolmens can be found in Galicia ( such as Axeitos, pictured below ), Basque Country and Navarre ( like the Sorgin Etxea ) and the basque name for theme is Trikuharri or Jentiletxe, Catalonia ( like Cova d ' en Daina or Creu d ' en Cobertella ), Andalusia ( like the Cueva de Menga ) and Extremadura ( like " Dolmen de Lácara ").

The name in this instance could suggest that the horse came from the Babia region in León, Spain.

The word flamenco is the Spanish name for the Greater Flamingo, a bird native to southern Spain.

A similar figure with the same name ( in other languages ) exists in several other countries, including France ( Père Noël ), Spain ( Papá Noel, Padre Noel ), almost all Hispanic South America ( Papá Noel ), Brazil ( Papai Noel ), Portugal ( Pai Natal ), Italy ( Babbo Natale ), Armenia ( Kaghand Papik ), India ( Christmas Father ), Andorra ( Pare Noel ), Romania ( Moş Crăciun ) and Turkey ( Noel Baba ).

A brigade of Dutch Royal Marines and Royal Marines, 1, 800 strong, under the command of Prince George of Hesse-Darmstadt, chief commander of the Alliance Army in Spain, began to besiege Gibraltar, in the name of the Archduke Charles.

The constitution of 1876 adopted for the first time the name " España " (" Spain ") for the Spanish nation, and from then on monarchs used the title of " King of Spain ".

When Spain tried to invade and conquer England it was a fiasco, and the defeat of the Spanish Armada in 1588 associated Elizabeth's name forever with what is popularly viewed as one of the greatest victories in English history.

In Spain and its territories, many Irish descendants can be found with the name Obregón ( O ' Brien, Irish, Ó Briain ), including Madrid-born actress Ana Victoria García Obregón.

The Ibanez brand name dates back to 1929 when Hoshino Gakki began importing Salvador Ibáñez guitars from Spain.

* Portland San Antonio, the former name of SDC San Antonio, a Spanish ASOBAL handball team based in Pamplona, Spain

They release one of the most commercially successful text adventures in Spain, Don Quijote, based on the book by Cervantes and the cartoon series released at the time.

Later, he worked under animation director Bill Hurtz and briefly managed a cartoon studio in Barcelona, Spain.

In fact, it was not until the King of Spain had visited at Pickfair that Mary and Doug were beckoned to cross the sacred barriers which separate Los Angeles and Pasadena from the hoi-polloi.

) Adobe brickmaking was used in Spain starting by the Late Bronze Age and Iron Age, from the eighth century B. C.

Alexis Carrel was also a member of learned societies in the U. S., Spain, Russia, Sweden, the Netherlands, Belgium, France, Vatican City, Germany, Italy and Greece and received honorary doctorates from Queen's University of Belfast, Princeton University, California, New York, Brown University and Columbia University.

Braudel's work came to define a " second " era of Annales historiography and was very influential throughout the 1960s and 1970s, especially for his work on the Mediterranean region in the era of Philip II of Spain.

In July 2006, the tomb of the king ( which is located in the Santa Cruz Monastery in Coimbra ) was to be opened for scientific purposes by researchers from the University of Coimbra ( Portugal ), and the University of Granada ( Spain ).

Alfonso XII ( born Alfonso Francisco de Asís Fernando Pío Juan María de la Concepción Gregorio Pelayo ) ( Madrid, 28 November 1857 – El Pardo, 25 November 1885 ) was King of Spain, reigning from 1874 to 1885, after a coup d ' état restored the monarchy and ended the ephemeral First Spanish Republic.

Alfonso was the son of Queen Isabella II of Spain, and allegedly, of her husband and King Consort, Francis, Duke of Cádiz.

Dependent of the kingdom of Mexico / New Spain was:

The aim was to secede Cuba from Spain, and annex it as a US state as Florida had been in 1824 through the Adams-Onis Treaty.

Finally Amadeus of Savoy, Duke of Ostia, was elected by Parliament as new King of Spain.

So, he sent Alfonso to the Sandhurst Military Academy in England, where the training Alfonso received was severe but more cosmopolitan than Spain, given the current athmosphere

During his short reign, peace was established both at home and abroad, finances were well regulated, and the various administrative services were placed on a basis that afterwards enabled Spain to pass through the disastrous war with the United States without the threat of a revolution.

He was the 996th Knight of the Order of the Golden Fleece in Spain, the 104th Grand Cross of the Order of the Tower and Sword in 1861 and the 775th Knight of the Order of the Garter in 1881.

Alfonso XIII ( Alfonso León Fernando María Jaime Isidro Pascual Antonio de Borbón y Austria-Lorena ; 17 May 1886 – 28 February 1941 ) was King of Spain from 1886 until 1931.

Alfonso was born in Madrid, posthumously born son of Alfonso XII of Spain, and became King of Spain upon his birth.

When he came of age in 1902, the week of his majority was marked by festivities, bullfights, balls and receptions throughout Spain.

However, he became gravely ill during the 1918 flu pandemic and, since Spain was neutral and thus under no wartime censorship restrictions, his illness and subsequent recovery were covered worldwide, giving the false impression ( in the absence of real news from anywhere else ) that Spain was the most-affected area.

Alfonso was a promoter of tourism in Spain.

When the Second Spanish Republic was proclaimed on 14 April 1931, he fled and left Spain, but did not abdicate the throne.

* Infante Jaime Luitpold Isabelino Enrique Alberto Alfonso Victor Acacio Pedro Maria of Spain ( 1908 – 1975 ), a deaf-mute as the result of a childhood operation, he renounced his rights to the throne in 1933 and became Duke of Segovia, and later Duke of Madrid, and who, as a legitimist pretender to the French throne from 1941 to 1975, was known as the Duke of Anjou.