Tolkien's writing has such popularity that in the 1960s and afterwards, elves speaking an elvish language similar to those in Tolkien's novels ( like Quenya, and Sindarin ) became staple non-human characters in high fantasy works and in fantasy role-playing games.

This philosophy is evident in Tolkien's other works, especially The Silmarillion — one Vala, Morgoth, creates the Orc race as a foul mockery of the elf.

Most earlier works with styles similar to Tolkien's, such as the science fiction of H. G.

Patrick Curry notes that animism is also found in Tolkien's other works, and mentions the " roots of mountains " and " feet of trees " in The Hobbit as a linguistic shifting in level from the inanimate to animate.

Before the definition of the genre of fantasy, many works that would now be classified as fantasy were termed " fairy tales ", including Tolkien's The Hobbit, George Orwell's Animal Farm, and L. Frank Baum's The Wonderful Wizard of Oz.

At the time he was cast, McKellen had never read any of Tolkien's works, but he quickly developed his knowledge of The Lord of the Rings and based his accent on Tolkien.

Similar to Tolkien's works, they are often depicted as evil, intelligent wolves that speak their own language, and are often allied with goblin tribes.

In Tolkien's narrative conceit, in which all the writings of Middle-earth are translations from the fictitious volume of The Red Book of Westmarch, Bilbo is the author of The Hobbit and translator of various " works from the elvish ", as mentioned in the end of The Return of the King.

The history of Gondor is described in several of Tolkien's works, with different levels of detail.

; Andrast: A peninsula in the south-west of Gondor ; the name translates from Sindarin as " long cape " and is also given an alternative in some of Tolkien's works, Ras Morthil with the meaning either " cape of dark sheen " or " cape of dark horn ".

There is no extant corpus for the Khuzdul language, whether in Tolkien's novels or in his private works, other than the battle cry: Baruk Khazâd!

Valaquenta ( Quenya for " Tale of the Valar ") is the second section of The Silmarillion, a collection of J. R. R. Tolkien's mythopoeic works, edited and published posthumously by his son Christopher Tolkien in 1977.

Aulë is a fictional character from J. R. R. Tolkien's legendarium, who is primarily discussed in The Silmarillion, but appears also in Tolkien's other works.

Weaker-willed spirits often fall prey to craving for power in Tolkien's works, and these prove no exception.

In Tolkien's works Valinor is the home of the Valar ( singular Vala ), spirits that often take humanoid form, sometimes called " gods " by the Men of Middle-earth.

In the setting of Tolkien's works, Nandorin is the language of the Nandor Elves.

For example, Issue 42 of Mallorn, the journal of The Tolkien Society ( August 2004 ), carried a lengthy article analyzing Tolkien's works as well as his possible Theosophist beliefs, concluding that the Years of the Sun began on March 25, 10160 BC, the Second Age on December 26, 9564 BC, the Third Age on December 24, 6123 BC, and the Fourth Age on March 18, 3102 BC.

Therefore, MERP represents an interpretation of Middle-earth that does not directly involve the players in the continuity of Tolkien's published works.

As Tolkien's works were conceived as a fictional " forgotten history " of the world, the Dagor Dagorath represents the coming End of the World, and is often referred to as simply " The End ".

It is notable in its function as a dangerous stage and scene in the adventures of many major characters in several of Tolkien's books and other works such as The Silmarillion, The Lays of Beleriand, and most recently The Children of Húrin.

The Elvish translation of the name itself was one of the most changeful within Tolkien's works.

Lindon is notable in Tolkien's works in that it serves as a narrative plot device as the final point of transition from the mortal changing world of Middle-earth to the unchanged Arda of the past.

The essay represents the last of Tolkien's writing regarding the Dwarves and was published in volume 12 of The History of Middle-earth in 1996.

Tolkien's Dwarves, much like their mythical forebears, are great metalworkers, smiths and stoneworkers.

Durin is the name of seven Kings of Dwarves in J. R. R. Tolkien's legendarium.

* Náin, name of three Dwarves from J. R. R. Tolkien's writings: Náin I, Náin II and Náin, son of Grór

The Great Gate was rebuilt of mithril ( the hardest of all metals in Tolkien's writing ) and steel by Gimli and Dwarves of Erebor from the Lonely Mountain who had settled in the Glittering Caves.

In J. R. R. Tolkien's legendarium, Nargothrond ( Sindarin portmanteau of Narog-Ost-Rond, " The great underground fortress on the river Narog "), called Nulukkhizdīn by the Dwarves, was the stronghold built by Finrod Felagund.

* Hill Dwarves: similar to Tolkien's Hobbits, but here considered Dwarves

Eöl's love for smithying and friendship towards the Dwarves is consistent with Tolkien's view of the Noldor, which are described as Dwarf-friends in the First and Second Ages.

In Norse Mythology and in J. R. R. Tolkien's fictional universe of Middle-earth, the Seven Fathers of the Dwarves were the first of their race.

Dwarfs in Terry Pratchett's Discworld novels are similar to the Dwarves of J. R. R. Tolkien's Middle-earth, to which they largely started out as a homage, and dwarves in other fantasy novels.

In J. R. R. Tolkien's fictional universe of Middle-earth, Durin's folk, also known as the Longbeards, were the most important clan of Dwarves.

In the fictional universe of J. R. R. Tolkien's Middle-earth, Caradhras, also called the Redhorn ( the literal English translation of the Sindarin name ), and known in the Dwarves ' language as Barazinbar, is one of the mightiest peaks in the Misty Mountains.

Such games feature creatures such as Orcs, Trolls, Elves, Dwarves, Halflings, Ents which are common to Tolkien's mythos even if they do not take place in Middle-earth.

Tolkien's Elves were enemies of goblins ( orcs ) and had a long-standing quarrel with the Dwarves ; these motifs would re-appear in derivative works.

* Tolkien on Fairy-Stories, by Verlyn Flieger and Douglas A. Anderson: " A new expanded edition of Tolkien's most famous, and most important essay, which defined his conception of fantasy as a literary form ..."( 2008 ) ISBN 978-0-00-724466-9.

In earlier versions of Tolkien's mythology ( see The History of Middle-earth ) it was called Angamando, the Quenya form of the name.

Around the same time Tolkien's ideas about the location of the Land of Ond first received written form.

Despite Tolkien's fondness for it, the form dwarrow only appears in his writing as Dwarrowdelf, a name for Moria.

Ungoliant is a fictional character in J. R. R. Tolkien's Middle-earth legendarium, described as an evil spirit in the form of a spider.

* Christopher Tolkien's explanation of how he, with the collaboration of future fantasy author Guy Gavriel Kay, constructed Chapter 22 of the Quenta Silmarillion, since none of his father's accounts of this episode were recent enough to fit the narrative in its final form.

Tolkien's death, his son Christopher Tolkien found an unpolished translation of Sir Orfeo and published it in edited form with Sir Gawain and the Green Knight and Pearl.

The Book of Lost Tales is the title of a collection of early stories by J. R. R. Tolkien, and of the first two volumes of Christopher Tolkien's 12-volume series The History of Middle-earth, in which he presents and analyses the manuscripts of those stories, which were the earliest form of the complex fictional myths that would eventually comprise The Silmarillion.

The title may have been inspired by Tolkien's The Lord of the Rings in which the Necromancer ( more commonly called Sauron ), an evil entity who either summons the dead or reduces the living into specter form, is confronted by " three travelers ": Sam, Frodo, and Gollum.

The first published form of the story appeared in Unfinished Tales ( 1980 ), compiled by Tolkien's son Christopher.

Books or tales named in the books, and which are said to form the source material for Tolkien's work, are in: Category: Middle-earth objects or in another suitable category.

Talking trees are a form of sapient vegetable life in mythologies and stories, most famously the Ents in J. R. R. Tolkien's Middle-earth stories.

The main thrust of Tolkien's argument in this two-part paper seems to have been that " Sigelwara " was a corruption of " Sigelhearwa ", and had come to mean something different in its later form than it had in its original.

A scene created ( but unused ) for Peter Jackson's The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King ( film ), an adaptation of J. R. R. Tolkien's The Lord of the Rings, depicting " Annatar ", a form taken by Sauron in the Second Age.