** Vietnam War – Nguyen Hue Offensive: Prompted by the North Vietnamese offensive, the United States resumes bombing of Hanoi and Haiphong.

At the beginning of 1968, the North Vietnamese and the Viet Cong orchestrated a major offensive against South Vietnam: the " Tet Offensive ".

The offensive was undertaken in the hope of triggering a general uprising, but urban Vietnamese did not respond as the Viet Cong anticipated.

He believed the fundamentals of the conflict had not changed ; the South Vietnamese regime's unpopularity remained its " Achilles heel " and he continued to believe victory could be achieved through a combination of uprising against the South Vietnamese regime and a communist offensive against it.

The U. S. incursion into Cambodia in May 1970 to eliminate North Vietnamese sanctuaries, the renewed bombing of North Vietnam and the mining of its harbors in the spring of 1972 in response to a North Vietnamese offensive, and another bombing campaign against the North in December 1972 brought widespread protest.

That future offensive was launched during the lunar new year Tết holiday of 1968, and to prepare for it, 200, 000 North Vietnamese troops, including seven infantry regiments and twenty independent battalions made the trip south.

By spring 1972 the Americans and South Vietnamese realized that the enemy was planning a major offensive, but they did not know where or when.

A total of 14 North Vietnamese divisions were now committed to the offensive.

After an ineffective attempt to halt the offensive, Saigon fell to North Vietnamese forces on 30 April 1975.

The Vietnamese service, taken from the government-controlled channel VTV4, was protested against by the Vietnamese community, many of whom found the bulletin's portrayal of the communist Vietnamese flag and Ho Chi Minh offensive.

The Vietnamese Community of Australia claimed that the program's lack of reports on political arrests and religious oppression were also offensive, especially to those who had fled the country following the Vietnam War.

On 25 December, a Vietnamese artillery barrage kicked off their offensive.

Its goals were to cross into Laos toward the city of Tchepone and cut the Ho Chi Minh Trail, hopefully thwarting a planned North Vietnamese offensive.

In March 1975, confident that the U. S. no longer had the stomach to intervene militarily in Indochina, the North Vietnamese began their final military offensive in South Vietnam, which by the end of April carried them to victory with the fall of Saigon.

In official Vietnamese literature, the decision to launch Tet Mau Than was usually presented as the result of a perceived U. S. failure to win the war quickly, the failure of the American bombing campaign against the North Vietnam, and the anti-war sentiment that pervaded the population of the U. S. The decision to launch the general offensive, however, was much more complicated.

The Khe Sanh actions would draw North Vietnamese forces away from the offensive into the cities, but Giáp considered them necessary in order to protect his supply lines and divert American attention.

The offensive, therefore was aimed at influencing the South Vietnamese public, not that of the U. S. There is conflicting evidence as to whether, or to what extent, the offensive was intended to influence either the March primaries or the November presidential election in the U. S.

Concurrently, a propaganda offensive to induce ARVN troops to desert and the South Vietnamese population to rise up against the government would be launched.

On 24 April a U. S. Marine Corps patrol prematurely triggered a North Vietnamese offensive aimed at taking the airstrip and combat base at Khe Sanh, the western anchor of the Marine's defensive positions in Quang Tri Province.

Gen. Maxwell Taylor's statement in Saigon that he is `` very much encouraged '' about the chances of the pro-Western government of Viet Nam turning back Communist guerrilla attacks comes close to an announcement that he will not recommend dispatching United States troops to bolster the Vietnamese Army.

Gen. Taylor will report to President Kennedy in a few days on the results of his visit to South Viet Nam and, judging from some of his remarks to reporters in the Far East, he is likely to urge a more efficient mobilization of Vietnamese military, economic, political and other resources.

The Chinese, North Vietnamese and North Koreans, on the other hand, feel that, militarily, Russia is strong enough to support them in the `` just wars of liberation '' they would like to embark on before long: with China attacking Formosa and the North Koreans and North Vietnamese liberating the southern half of their respective countries.

This is the case for Vietnamese ( a true alphabet ) and Thai ( an abugida ).

The Vietnamese zodiac is almost identical to Chinese zodiac except that the second animal is the Water Buffalo instead of the Ox, and the fourth animal is the Cat instead of the Rabbit.

* 1975 – As North Vietnamese forces close in on the South Vietnamese capital Saigon, the Australian Embassy is closed and evacuated, almost ten years to the day since the first Australian troop commitment to South Vietnam.

It is the second most widely spoken Austroasiatic language ( after Vietnamese ), with speakers in the tens of millions.

It is also the earliest recorded and earliest written language of the Mon – Khmer family, predating Mon and by a significant margin Vietnamese.

Khmer differs from neighboring languages such as Thai, Lao and Vietnamese in that it is not a tonal language.

Another unique result is that the syllable is spoken with a low-rising or " dipping " tone much like the " hỏi " tone in Vietnamese.

The language of this transition period, from about the 14th to 18th centuries, is referred to as Middle Khmer and saw borrowing from Thai, Lao and, to a lesser extent, Vietnamese.

Cambodia is also recovering from the land mines which were used heavily by the Khmer Rouge and Vietnamese ; it will take approximately a decade to remove most of the land mines from Cambodia.

The most common Vietnamese version is called Bo kho, but which uses rice noodles instead.

There is no widespread use of fresh herbs in Cantonese cooking, in contrast with their liberal use in other cuisines such as Sichuan, European, Thai or Vietnamese.

In East Asia, metal is sometimes seen as the equivalent of earth and is represented by the White Tiger ( Chinese constellation ), known as 白虎 ( Bái Hǔ ) in Chinese, Byakko in Japanese, Bạch Hổ in Vietnamese and Baekho ( 백호, Hanja: 白虎 ) in Korean.

The Siege of the Alcázar in the Spanish Civil War, in which the Nationalists held out against a much larger Republican force for two months until relieved, shows that in some cases a citadel can be effective even in modern warfare ; a similar case is the Battle of Huế, where an NVA division held the citadel of Huế for 26 days against roughly their own numbers of much better-equipped US and South Vietnamese troops.

In Vietnam, the use of dill in cooking is regional, specifically northern Vietnamese cuisine.

In East Asia, the translation for dharma is 法, pronounced fǎ in Mandarin, beop in Korean, hō in Japanese, and pháp in Vietnamese.

王 is pronounced vương in Vietnamese, ō in Japanese, and wang in Korean.

) In Vietnamese cuisine, jellies made of flavored layers of agar agar, called thạch, are a popular dessert, and are often made in ornate molds for special occasions.

* In Caro ( also called Gomoku +, popular among Vietnamese ), the winner must have an unbroken row of five stones and this row must not be blocked at either end.

The Paracel Islands, also called Xisha Islands () in Chinese and Hoàng Sa Islands ( Quần đảo Hoàng Sa ) in Vietnamese, is a group of islands whose ownership is disputed by China, Vietnam and Taiwan, however is currently under the administration of Hainan Province within the People's Republic of China.

The French introduced baguettes to Vietnam, which were then combined with Vietnamese stuffing to become a popular fast food in Vietnam called bánh mì and known overseas as “ Vietnamese sandwich ”.

Onions are called hành tây ( literally “ Western shallots ”), asparagus as măng tây ( literally “ Western bamboo shoots ”) and potatoes are called khoai tây ( literally “ Western yam ”) in Vietnamese, which reflect their origin before arriving in Vietnam.

In explaining his refusal to be conscripted to fight the Vietnam War ( 1965 – 75 ), professional boxer Muhammed Ali said, " No Vietcong ever called me nigger "; later, his modified answer was the title No Vietnamese Ever Called Me Nigger ( 1968 ) of a documentary about the front-line lot of the US Army Black soldier in combat in Vietnam.

In 1967, a SEAL unit named Detachment Bravo ( Det Bravo ) was formed to operate these mixed US and ARVN units, which were called South Vietnamese Provincial Reconnaissance Units ( PRUs ).

I memorized a song called Day Ma Di, written by anti-war South Vietnamese students.

The severe communist losses during Tet allowed the U. S. to gradually withdraw combat forces and to shift responsibility to the South Vietnamese, a process called Vietnamization.

The area was called Văn Lang by Vietnamese ancestors at around 2000-100 BCE.

Vietnamese families have a tray of five different fruits on their altar called " Mâm Ngũ Quả " ( five fruits type ).

In the north, some people ( especially the elite in the past ) also decorate their house with a Prunus mume tree ( also called mai in Vietnamese, but referring to a totally different species from Ochna integerrima ).

* South China Sea, a marginal sea south of China and east and south of Indochina, called Biển Đông in Vietnamese, meaning " East Sea "

Thus, the Samis saw no change or a transformation of their name, for example: some Sire became Siri, Hætta Jáhkoš Ásslat became Aslak Jacobsen Hætta — as it was the norm until recently, when integration into the EU and accelerated international exchanges pushed many people to reverse the order of their full name to given name-surname, so that they are not called Ms. Rauha ( a first name ), just like Japanese, some Koreans, Chinese or some Vietnamese do, for the same reason.

*** Vietnamese congee, called cháo, can be made with beef or chicken stock and contains fish sauce and ginger.

At the 3rd Congress, held in 1960, Lê called for the establishment of a South Vietnamese people's front.

When Hồ called for the establishment of a neutral South Vietnamese state in 1963, Lê responded by making overtures to the Chinese, who rejected the Soviet position of peaceful coexistence.

He called on all Vietnamese to engage in a personalist-driven social revolution to strengthen the society and country.

Calley was charged on September 5, 1969, with six specifications of premeditated murder for the deaths of 104 Vietnamese civilians near the village of My Lai, at a hamlet called Son My, more commonly called My Lai in the U. S. press.

In 1986, the Vietnamese government initiated market reforms called Đổi Mới.

Therefore, Reagan authorized the provision of aid to a smaller Cambodian resistance movement, a coalition called the Khmer People's National Liberation Front, known as the KPNLF and then run by Son Sann ; in an effort to force an end to the Vietnamese occupation.