It is clear that patterns of stress sometimes show construction unambiguously in the spoken language where without the help of context it would be ambiguous in the written.

In 2009, the American Anthropological Association's Commission on the Engagement of Anthropology with the US Security and Intelligence Communities released its final report concluding, in part, that, " When ethnographic investigation is determined by military missions, not subject to external review, where data collection occurs in the context of war, integrated into the goals of counterinsurgency, and in a potentially coercive environment – all characteristic factors of the HTS concept and its application – it can no longer be considered a legitimate professional exercise of anthropology.

The axiom of choice has also been thoroughly studied in the context of constructive mathematics, where non-classical logic is employed.

When a specific allophone ( from a set of allophones that correspond to a phoneme ) must be selected in a given context ( i. e. using a different allophone for a phoneme will cause confusion or make the speaker sound non-native ), the allophones are said to be complementary ( i. e. the allophones complement each other, and one is not used in a situation where the usage of another is standard ).

From about 1955 he started to work on sheaf theory and homological algebra, producing the influential " Tôhoku paper " ( Sur quelques points d ' algèbre homologique, published in 1957 ) where he introduced Abelian categories and applied their theory to show that sheaf cohomology can be defined as certain derived functors in this context.

As in so many programming languages, the operation ( V, x ) is often written V ← x ( or some similar notation ), and ( V ) is implied whenever a variable V is used in a context where a value is required.

As the neighbouring " city " is not mentioned in any other context than during the Danish attack as a place where people took refuge, it probably meant a near-by fortress.

Rodolfo Llinás, for example, proposed that consciousness results from recurrent thalamo-cortical resonance where the specific thalamocortical systems ( content ) and the non-specific ( centromedial thalamus ) thalamocortical systems ( context ) interact in the gamma band frequency via temporal coincidence.

* The 20th-century Irish poet Louis MacNeice references Catullus in his poem " Epitaph for Liberal Poets ," where he mentions Catullus as amongst the first liberal poets-" Catullus / went down young ," mentioning him in the context of the death of the individual and recognising his and the universal plight.

In the context of the passage, they seem to equate to something like “ east and west .” There is a passage in Ezekiel, however, where God says to the prophet, " Set your face against Gog, of the land of Magog, the prince of Rosh, Meshech, and Tubal, and prophesy against him.

The concept of context-sensitive grammar was introduced by Noam Chomsky in the 1950s as a way to describe the syntax of natural language where it is indeed often the case that a word may or may not be appropriate in a certain place depending upon the context.

This is different from a context-free grammar where the context of a nonterminal is not taken into consideration.

( Indeed, every production of a context free grammar is of the form V → w where V is a single nonterminal symbol, and w is a string of terminals and / or nonterminals ( w can be empty )).

Many Canadian editors, though, use the Canadian Oxford Dictionary, often along with the chapter on spelling in Editing Canadian English, and, where necessary ( depending on context ), one or more other references.

In countries such as Kenya-particularly in Nairobi and other cities where there is an expanding middle class-English is increasingly being used in the home as the first language, albeit with significant lexical influence from and secondary use of Swahili in a context of code-switching.

Coevolution is " the process where the design agent simultaneously refines its mental picture of the design object based on its mental picture of the context, and vice versa.

" This term, which was variously used by other Chinese philosophers ( including Confucius, Mencius, Mozi, and Hanfeizi ), has special meaning within the context of Daoism, where it implies the essential, unnamable process of the universe.

Historically, where comparative psychology researches animal behaviour in the context of what is known about human psychology, ethology researches animal behaviour in the context of what is known about animal anatomy, physiology, neurobiology, and phylogenetic history.

The use of a sequence of experiments, where the design of each may depend on the results of previous experiments, including the possible decision to stop experimenting, is within the scope of Sequential analysis, a field that was pioneered by Abraham Wald in the context of sequential tests of statistical hypotheses.

For example, the sentence " The coat is red " has no observer, the sentence " We see the coat as red " ( where " we " indicates observers ) appears more specific in context as regards light waves and colour as determined by modern science, that is, colour results from a reaction in the human brain.

In the context of American slavery, this ancient sense of " down " converged with the concept of " down the river " ( the Mississippi ), where slaves ' conditions were notoriously worse, a situation which left the idiom " sell down the river " in present-day English.

In February 2010, Environment Canada determined that Enviropigs are in compliance with the Canadian Environmental Protection Act and can be produced outside of the research context in controlled facilities where they are segregated from other animals.

This occurs in the context of Irenaeus ' work On the Detection and Overthrow of Knowledge Falsely So Called, ( Greek: elenchos kai anatrope tes pseudonymou gnoseos genitive case, ἔλεγχος καὶ ἀνατροπὴ τῆς ψευδωνύμου γνώσεως ) where the term " knowledge falsely so-called " ( nominative case pseudonymos gnosis ) covers various groups, not just Valentinus, and is a quotation of the apostle Paul's warning against " knowledge falsely so-called " in 1 Timothy 6: 20.

As the conspiracy theorists chiefly name countries outside that area, the usage of Zionist in this context is misleading, and intended to portray Jews as conspirators who aim to control the world, as in the forged Protocols of the Elders of Zion.

In the context of declining gold production, the intention of the Portuguese government to impose the obligatory payment of all debts ( the derrama ) was a leading cause behind the conspiracy.

Many within Omaha saw the riot within the context of a Conspiracy Theory, the direct result of alleged conspiracy directed by Omaha political and criminal boss Tom Dennison.

Constantin Argetoianu, the Minister of the Interior in the Alexandru Averescu, Take Ionescu, and Ion I. C. Brătianu cabinets, equated Comintern membership with conspiracy, ordered the first in a series of repressions, and, in the context of trial, allowed for several communist activists ( including Leonte Filipescu ) to be shot while in custody — alleging that they had attempted to flee.

In the context of declining gold production, the intention of the Portuguese government to impose the obligatory payment of all debts ( the derrama ) was a leading cause behind the conspiracy.

Bonding usually discussed in the context of molecular orbital theory, which recognizes the triple bond as arising from overlap of s and p orbitals.

Much of the current work in cosmology includes understanding how galaxies form in the context of the Big Bang, understanding the physics of the Universe at earlier and earlier times, and reconciling observations with the basic theory.

Aspects of combinatorics include counting the structures of a given kind and size ( enumerative combinatorics ), deciding when certain criteria can be met, and constructing and analyzing objects meeting the criteria ( as in combinatorial designs and matroid theory ), finding " largest ", " smallest ", or " optimal " objects ( extremal combinatorics and combinatorial optimization ), and studying combinatorial structures arising in an algebraic context, or applying algebraic techniques to combinatorial problems ( algebraic combinatorics ).

These ideas were unified by Kenneth Wilson in 1972, under the formalism of the renormalization group in the context of quantum field theory.

In the context of decision theory, an estimator is a type of decision rule, and its performance may be evaluated through the use of loss functions.

A digraph with weighted edges in the context of graph theory is called a network.

In an ideological context, a grokked concept becomes part of the person who contributes to its evolution by improving the doctrine, perpetuating the myth, espousing the belief, adding detail to the social plan, refining the idea or proving the theory.

This study was written in the context of the Hegel renaissance that was taking place in Europe with an emphasis on Hegel's ontology of life and history, idealist theory of spirit and dialectic.

Systems theory, in this context, may be regarded as an extension of Braid's original conceptualization of hypnosis as involving a process of enhancing or depressing nervous system activity.

In the context of e-learning, a major discussion in instructional theory is the potential of learning objects to structure and deliver content.

Within the context of the philosophy of mind, externalism is the theory that the contents of at least some of one's mental states are dependent in part on their relationship to the external world or one's environment.

The space M × C is compactified over the compact set C, and after Kaluza-Klein decomposition we have an effective field theory over M. A splitting of five-dimensional spacetime into the Einstein equations and Maxwell equations in four dimensions was first discovered by Gunnar Nordström in 1914, in the context of his theory of gravity, but subsequently forgotten.

Pike's approach to the study of language put him outside the circle of the " generative " movement begun by Noam Chomsky, a dominant linguist, since Pike believed that the structure of language should be studied in context, not just single sentences, as seen in the title of his magnum opus " Language in relation to a unified theory of the structure of human behavior " ( 1967 ).

This differs from the theory of the single-store retrieved context model that has no differentiation between short-term and long-term memory.

In 2001, David Wiley criticized learning object theory in his paper, The Reusability Paradox which is summarized by D ' Arcy Norman as, If a learning object is useful in a particular context, by definition it is not reusable in a different context.

Bradley explained this effect in the context of Newton's corpuscular theory of light, by showing that the aberration angle was given by simple vector addition of the Earth's orbital velocity and the velocity of the corpuscles of light, just as vertically falling raindrops strike a moving object at an angle.

To explain stellar aberration in the context of an aether-based theory of light was regarded as more problematic, because it requires that the aether be stationary even as the Earth moves through it — precisely the problem that led Newton to reject a wave model in the first place.

Aether theory was dealt another blow when the Galilean transformation and Newtonian dynamics were both modified by Albert Einstein's special theory of relativity, giving the mathematics of Lorentzian electrodynamics a new, " non-aether " context.

While, theoretically relying on Michel Foucault ’ s theory of discipline and governmentality, as well as related insights in the social control literature, this paper examines Project Carnivore relative to the larger context of state rationality and related privacy issues.